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Compare and Contrast Person Centered and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

In: Philosophy and Psychology

Submitted By seadaisy
Words 1280
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Compare and contrast person centered and cognitive behavioural approaches understanding and making use of the counseling relationship

Introduction

This assignment is an attempt to discuss two different types of therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and person centered therapy and highlight some important similarities and differences between them.

Cognitive behavioural therapy

John Watson (1957) believed psychology should be concerned with the observable, as behaviour could be measured and influenced (McLeod, 2008). Skinner, (1953) cited in McLeod (2008), believed a person has a repitior of possible responses to a stimuli and they exhibits the response that is reinforces or rewarded (operant conditioning).

The central theme of Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is that thoughts connect (mediate) an event (stimuli) with an emotion. In other words it’s not the stimuli itself that elicits an emotional response but the interpretation (belief) of the stimuli. Ellis’s (1962) ABC model can be used to monitor reactions to an event. (McLeod 2008),

A = activating event (actual event, attitude or action of an individual),
B = beliefs about the event,
C = the emotion or behavioral consequences;

Ellis suggests, that C is determined by B. i.e. one person not being successful at an interview may think the competition must have been strong, another may think they don’t deserve a good job, they are stupid etc (McLeod 2008).

CBT suggests that distress is caused by distorted thoughts. Beck, (1976) cited in McLeod (2008), became aware of patients negative feelings during free association therapy, patients’ reported self-critical inner thoughts. Beck described these inner negative thoughts (cognitions) as ‘automatic thoughts. CBT aims to record these thought and feelings and replace them with beliefs of self acceptance and constructive problem solving

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