...Accounting Cycle Nelson L Romeu ACC/421 University of Phoenix March 5, 2012 Prof. Dawn Brauer Accounting Cycle The accounting cycle is a logical process used to help achieve the basic function of accounting, which is to identify, record, and correspond information. A business or organization may have its own unique way of performing its accounting cycle, but each must perform the task in one way or another. ADCON (Administration and Accounting) is a small-operated business with a very simplified description of the accounting cycle. The company began and has been operated for most of its 15 years with a couple of individuals and has expanded into a respected company. Gradually over time the accounting cycle has evolved much like business has evolved; the multiple steps have been reduced as technology has simplified the process, “today, most companies use accounting software that processes many of these steps simultaneously” (“What is the accounting cycle?” 2007, para. 3). The accounting cycle consists of: identifying, journalizing, posting, trail balance, adjusted entries, adjusted trial balance, preparing financial statements, closing, post-closing trial balance, reversing entries, and financial statements (Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield, 2007, Chapter 3). Identifying a transaction or event is the first step in the cycle; businesses engage in various activities on a daily basis, as a result, determining when to record and activity is crucial...
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...Accounting Cycle Accounting Cycle For all types of businesses, transactions take place. Transactions vary from such things as sales, expenses, wages, purchases, and receivables. These transactions are maintained in various journals and ledgers and tell the financial story of the business. The process of maintaining this financial story is called the Accounting Cycle. Evaluation There are ten steps involved in completing the accounting cycle. They are as follows: “(1) Transactions are analyzed and recorded in the journal. (2) Transactions are posted to the ledger. (3) An unadjusted trial balance is prepared. (4) Adjustment data are assembled and analyzed. (5) An optional end-of-period spreadsheet is prepared. (6) Adjusting entries are journalized and posted to the ledger. (7) An adjusted trial balance is prepared. (8) Financial statements are prepared. (9) Closing entries and journalized and posted to the leger. (10) A post-closing trial balance is prepared.” (Warren, Reeve, & Duchac (2012) pg. 162) The accounting cycle begins with analyzing and recording transactions. The bookkeeper, for example, would review the invoices, purchase orders, bank statements, etc. After the transactions have been analyzed they are now ready to be posted to the journal using the double-entry accounting system. The double-entry accounting system means that the transactions are recorded in at least two or more accounts so that the debits and credits equal. ...
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...Syllabus School of Business XACC/290 Version 1 Principles of Accounting I Copyright © 2013 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course covers the fundamentals of financial accounting as well as the identification, measurement, and reporting of the financial effects of economic events on an enterprise. Students will learn to examine financial information from the perspective of management. Other topics include decision-making, planning, and controlling from the perspective of a practicing manager. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Kimmel, P. D., Weygandt, J. J., & Kieso, D. E. (2011). Financial accounting: Tools for business decision making (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Basic Accounting Principles and Concepts Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Identify...
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...Accounting Information Systems, 13e (Romney/Steinbart) Chapter 1 Accounting Information Systems: An Overview 1.1 Distinguish data from information, discuss the characteristics of useful information, and explain how to determine the value of information. 1) Which of the following statements below shows the contrast between data and information? A) Data is the output of an AIS. B) Information is the primary output of an AIS. C) Data is more useful in decision making than information. D) Data and information are the same. Answer: B Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic 2) Information is best described as A) raw facts about transactions. B) data that has been organized and processed so that it is meaningful to the user. C) facts that are useful when processed in a timely manner. D) the same thing as data. Answer: B Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Analytic 3) The value of information can best be determined by A) its usefulness to decision makers. B) its relevance to decision makers. C) the benefits associated with obtaining the information minus the cost of producing it. D) the extent to which it optimizes the value chain. Answer: C Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Analytic 4) An accounting information system (AIS) processes ________ to provide users with ________. A) data; information B) data; transactions C) information; data D) data; benefits ...
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...GED Community Center | Mismanagement of a Fiscal Cycle | How To Manage Necessary Budget Cuts to Efficiently Run A Community Center | | Reginald Lee | 10/10/2012 | This is the detailed account of the mismanagement of GED community center and how to complete renovations to the operations of the center due to the advent of budget cuts needed to complete the management of staff on the incoming workload of an annual fiscal cycle. | Managerial accounting entails developing the structure of a business project from the aspect of designing how productivity occurs within the timeframe of the project upgrades. For instance, you are the senior level management supervisor of maintenance department. You are to devise a strategy to cut the cost of production from the beginning of a project’s completion and implementation into the first stages of production so that they increase revenue for the upcoming fiscal cycle. You have to consider the pros and cons of letting go employees to manage funds needed to complete the increase in the levels of productivity that spearhead the increase in total revenue for this to come to fruition. The information about last year’s fiscal cycle will prove vital in the effort to complete this. On the other hand, cost accounting is a smaller bit to that equation. For instance, in cost accounting this job will be given to the lower management for the purpose of finding the fiscal information of the last three years in an effort to determine how many...
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...Accounting Information Systems, 12e (Romney/Steinbart) Chapter 1 Accounting Information Systems: An Overview 1) Which of the following statements below shows the contrast between data and information? A) Data is the output of an AIS. B) Information is the primary output of an AIS. C) Data is more useful in decision-making than information. D) Data and information are the same. Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 2) Information is A) basically the same as data. B) raw facts about transactions. C) potentially useful facts when processed in a timely manner. D) data that has been organized and processed so that it's meaningful. Answer: D Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 3) The value of information can best be defined as A) how useful it is to decision makers. B) the benefits produced by possessing and using the information minus the cost of producing it. C) how relevant it is. D) the extent to which it maximizes the value chain. Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Moderate AACSB: Analytic 4) An accounting information system (AIS) processes ________ to provide users with ________. A) data; information B) data; transactions C) information; data D) data; benefits Answer: A Page Ref: 10 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 5) Information that reduces uncertainty...
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... |Accounting Information Systems I | Copyright © 2009, 2007, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to provide accounting students with the proper mix of technical information and real-world applications. Areas of study include fundamental concepts and technologies (what computers can do for business), the Internet, intranets, electronic commerce, information systems development, basic project management principles, decision support systems, and the benefits of computer and human synergy. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Bagranoff, N. A., Simkin, M. G., & Strand, C. S. (2008). Core concepts of accounting information...
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...Sage Peachtree Accounting Complete and Microsoft Dynamics GP Software Evaluation Sage Peachtree Accounting Complete and Microsoft Dynamics GP are among the most widely used accounting software. An analysis of these two accounting software packages follows. Sage Peachtree Accounting Complete Peachtree is an accounting software program available to small and large businesses to include specialties for certain industries; is it ranked amongst the top accounting software program in the market. “This is due to the fact that it provides customers with an entirely comprehensive accounting software program that allows business leaders in virtually every sector to track crucial accounting information and thereby record higher profits and experience increased levels of efficiency” (The Accounting, 2013). The reputation Peachtree has built has made it the most trustworthy name in accounting software. The purchase price for Peachtree ranges from varying on the size of the business and its specialty in the industry. For example, Peachtree complete accounting 2012 software for a small business costs $299.99. However, Peachtree Premium Accounting for Distribution 2010 will cost a company $1199.99. This does not include any extras added in; this is just the base price for if a company purchased the software online and no installation costs have been added as well. All Peachtree products can be viewed on websites to include amazon.com, bizrate.com and simply by searching...
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... | | |Financial Accounting Concepts and Principles | Copyright © 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course covers the fundamentals of financial accounting as well as the identification, measurement, and reporting of the financial effects of economic events on the enterprise. Financial information is examined from the perspective of effective management decision making with special emphasis on the planning and controlling responsibilities of practicing managers. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., & Kieso, D. E. (2008). Financial accounting (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. All electronic materials are available on the student website....
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...Syllabus School of Business ACC/340 Version 4 Accounting Information Systems I ACC/340 Schedule 10/10/2013 – 11/07/2013 Campus: Puerto Rico Campus Group ID: BA0913RE 3 Credits 36 Hours Copyright © 2009, 2007, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to provide accounting students with the proper mix of technical information and real-world applications. Areas of study include fundamental concepts and technologies (what computers can do for business), the Internet, intranets, electronic commerce, information systems development, basic project management principles, decision support systems, and the benefits of computer and human synergy. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Bagranoff, N. A., Simkin, M. G., & Strand, C. S. (2008). Core concepts of accounting information systems (10th ed.). New York...
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...recording the daily transactions of a business entity in a chronological order. Accounting Accounting is the process of recording, classifying, reporting, analysing, interpreting and communicating of financial information to the stake holders. Accounting is the combination of all the 6 fields while bookkeeping is only a part of the accounting process. Double Entry System According to this system, every business transaction has a two-fold effect and that it affects two accounts in opposite directions. One of the two aspects is the benefit receiving aspect or “incoming aspect” (termed as Debit) and the other is the benefit giving aspect or “outgoing aspect” (termed as Credit). For every transaction, one account is to be debited and another account is to be credited in order to have a complete record of the transaction. The basic principle under this system is that for every debit, there must be a corresponding and equal credit and for every credit there must be a corresponding and equal debit. Following this principle, the arithmetical accuracy of the accounts can be checked by preparing a Trial Balance, where the total of Debits and Credits should tally. It is a scientific system maintaining a complete record of transactions which helps in the ascertainment of profit/loss and financial positionof the business while maintaining the accuracy of accounts Accounting Cycle The entire accounting cycle is based on the double entry system. Once a transaction occurs, it is recorded...
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...Accounting Cycle Description Team A Deborah Holmes, Tami Jackson, Nicole Savana, Maria Despenza ACC 340 August 7, 2014 Paul Andoh Accounting Cycle Description MARIA: Identify the five accounting cycles and explain how this organization uses the accounting cycle you have selected. DEBORAH: Comment on the strengths and weaknesses of the internal controls related to this cycle. TAMI: Explain how you would integrate this part of the accounting cycle into an enterprise-wide accounting information system. NICOLE: Differentiate between the various types of information systems necessary to achieve this integration. When achieving integration Riordan Manufacturing must first consider how well the financial and accounting systems are functioning within their company. Riordan Manufacturing has three operating location, and each have their own finance and accounting system, which could be a reason they are having such a hard time maintaining the data received. The company’s headquarters in San Jose, California is currently licensed by the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system which is fully integrated and windows based. The plant in Michigan is still operating on an older system purchased some time ago, and the plant seems to be the only one extremely behind on software updates. Georgia has a system that runs off of windows, yet it is also an older model software system. According to the company’s intranet site, it is finding it difficult to complete the general...
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...11/17/2013 The Accounting Cycle AC114 Accounting has three basic activities; it identifies, records, and communicates the numbers to the interested parties of the company. The internal users who rely on accounting information are the people who plan, organize, and run the business. The most common external users that rely on the accounting information are investors and creditors, because neither of the two would invest into a business with inaccurate accounting information. To ensure accuracy we have to follow the accounting cycle which has nine steps. The first step is to analyze the business transactions because it identifies the economic events relevant to its business. When we analyze we figure out whether a transaction is an asset, liability, or owner’s equity. Next we would journalize the transaction data into a journal. This process contributes to the recording process of the accounting cycle because it discloses the effects of a transaction, provides a chronological order, and helps prevent or locate errors of a transaction. When we journalize we would separate each transaction by date, amount, and description. Journalizing means we would post the information to a general ledger. The ledger is helpful because it takes all the information about changes in specific account balances and keeps it in one place. The ledger would provide the balance of each account and arranged in sequence as it would show on the financial statement. The accounts are numbered for easier...
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...Accounting Cycle Paper ACC421 June 3, 2013 Accounting Cycle Paper Although I work for a major corporation, Walgreens, I have nothing to do with the accounting department or the cycle. I will however use this paper to explain the accounting cycle as well as the people that would be involved within the cycle. Generally the people involved in the accounting cycle would be record-keepers, accounting clerks; financial managers as well as staff accountants all have a hand in the parts of the accounting cycles. Bookkeepers and accounting clerks are generally the ones that record the entries and prepare statements for financial managers and staff accountants to approve. The first step of the accounting cycle would be to identify and analyze the transaction and events that need to be accounted for. Even though the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) has guidelines there are no rules to what events or transaction a company is required to record. A company should record every sale or purchase no matter how big or small it is. Once these transactions or events have been analyzed, they are recorded in the next step which is journalizing the transactions. There are several different places these transactions are recorded. Some of these places are the general journal, cash receipts journal, cash disbursements journal, purchases journal, sales journal and other special journals depending on the company (Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield, 2012). Then these transactions...
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...Accounting Cycle Paper ACC/421 Accounting Cycle Paper In this paper I will outline the purpose of both accounting and financial reporting within an organization in general. I will also give a description of the people, processes, and systems that are a part of the accounting and financial reporting processes followed by a conclusion. Purpose of Accounting The purpose of accounting to gather and report on any financial information within the organization about things such as: the performance of the company, their financial position, and the cash flows of the company. With this information the company can then make business decisions about management of their business, investments to be made, or money they can lend. All of this information is known as the accounting records and accounting transactions and recorded as invoices for either suppliers or customers of the company. Once the financial information has been added to the accounting records it is all put together into financial statements to include the following: income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flows, statement of retained earnings, and any disclosures. Purpose of Financial Reporting Documents, or the financial reports, are gathered in order to keep track of money going in or going out. Essentially, there is a record of how much money your business is making or losing. Anyone investing in the business has the right to know how their money is being used and can know this by looking at the financial...
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