1. What is the difference between working in storage and working in memory? What type of memory does Access work from? Working in storage means the data which is dealing with hard disks. Working in memory means the data which is dealing RAMs. 2. What are some good file management techniques and why is it important to use them? * Delete unnecessary files and folders * Create folders by function and use detailed nesting folder names * Use Detailed File Names * Set up a schedule to archive old files regularly that you do not use.
Better file management systems will help to eliminate ambiguous file names, mysterious file contents, unknown creation dates and odd filing locations can make finding computer files a pain.

3. What are some factors you should consider when deciding whether to use Access or Excel to manage data? * Access is better for storage, Excel for analysis * Access copes better with large quantities of data * Excel is better at numbers than text * Access is better at data entry * Access copes better with sharing data * Access allows users to connect to several different data sources, and edit the data therein * Excel is better at what-if analysis * Excel is better at interactive analysis using tools such as PivotTable reports * Excel is better at conveying information visually * Not everyone has Access, not everyone knows how to use it

4. Describe the power of a relational database.
Relational databases use a set of tables to store the data and a set of relationships to link the tables together. It creates a more logical representation of the data and allows faster access and powerful manipulations of the data stored in the database. However searching, updating or generating reports based on data in flat files are really harder before relational databases coming into the scene.

5. What are some examples of good database design? Why is good database design so important? * Determine the purpose of your database * Find and organize the information required * Divide the information into tables * Turn information items into columns * Specify primary keys * Set up the table relationships * Refine your design * Analyze your design for errors * Apply the normalization rules
A properly designed database provides you with access to up-to-date, accurate information. Because a correct design is essential to achieving your goals in working with a database, investing the time required to learn the principles of good design makes sense. In the end, you are much more likely to end up with a database that meets your needs and can easily accommodate change.

6. When designing a database we have to take into consideration many factors. What are some of those factors?
When designing a database, consider: * The purpose of the database and how it affects the design. Create a database plan to fit your purpose. * Database normalization rules that prevent mistakes in the database design. * Protection of your data integrity. * Security requirements of the database and user permissions. * Performance needs of the application. You must ensure that the database design takes advantage of Microsoft® SQL Server™ 2000 features that improve performance. Achieving a balance between the size of the database and the hardware configuration is also important for performance. * Maintenance. * Estimating the size of a database 7. Why is it important to understand table relationships? How do we establish table relationships?
A relationship is a link between two tables. Relationships make it possible to find data in one table that is related to a specific record in another table.
Relationships allows to separate the related data in different tables. It helps in matching data by using common characteristics found within the data set(tables/relation). Relationships help in organizing of data. It makes much easier to understand the concept of database design.

8. What is a primary key? What is a foreign key? Why are they important?
Primary key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifiers individual instances of an entity type. This is useful because it serves as a unique identifier for a row of data in a database table.
A foreign key (FK) is a column or combination of columns that is used to establish and enforce a link between the data in two tables. We are using FKs to document relationship between the related tables and to enforce the relationship between the related tables.

9. What are the various data types and why are they important? What are examples of data that are stored in the various types?
Data types indicate the type of data that is going to be stored in a given column of a table. CHAR, LONG VARCHAR, BIT, FLOAT, INT, SMALL INT, DATE and DATETIME are some of the most commonly used data types.
CHARACTER(n) Character string. Fixed-length n
VARCHAR(n) Character string. Variable length. Maximum length n
BINARY(n) Binary string. Fixed-length n
BOOLEAN Stores TRUE or FALSE values
FLOAT Approximate numerical, mantissa precision 16
SMALLINT Integer numerical (no decimal). Precision 5
INTEGER Integer numerical (no decimal). Precision 10 10. What is the order of operations? Why is it important?
Order of Operation * FROM clause * WHERE clause * GROUP BY clause * HAVING clause * SELECT clause * ORDER BY clause
It is a useful factor in SQL query optimization. By using SQL Query Order of Operations, we can reduce the transaction time.

11. What is an expression? What are the different components of an expression?
An expression is a combination of identifiers, values, and operators that SQL Server can evaluate to obtain a result.
Expression Types * Numeric Expressions * Text Expressions * Datetime and Interval Expressions * Date-only Expressions * Boolean Expressions * Conditional Expressions * Substitution Expressions

12. What is syntax? What is a query? Is it necessary to verify the results of your query?
Syntax is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language.
A query is a request for information from a database.
Yes it is really necessary to verify the result.

13. What is a function? What is an argument?
Function
The database functions perform basic operations, such as sum, average, count, etc, but they also have criteria arguments, that allow you to only perform the calculation for a specified subset of the records in your database.

Argument
A data item following the script name in a START command. The argument supplies a value for a parameter in the script.