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Conflict in Organizations

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Submitted By gamuchitongo
Words 1676
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Table of Contents

Introduction - Pg 1

Cause of Organizational Conflict - Pg 1

Arguments for Conflict - Pg 2

Arguments against Conflict - Pg 3

Conclusion - Pg 4

Reference List - Pg 5-6

Introduction
Robbins and Judge, authors of Organizational Behavior define conflict as a process that begins when one party percieves that another party has negatively affected or is about to negatively affect something the first party cares about. The Oxford dictionary defines conflict as an incompatibility between opinions and principles. We cannot run away from conflict. All of us have come across conflict whether in the workplace, at home or at school. Responding to conflict in a pleasant or unpleasant manner depends on individuals, but is a natural part of being human. Conflict in organizations comes about for various reasons.

Causes of Organizational Conflict
Conflict is inevitable in all facets of life, both personal and organizational (Gupta et al 2012). There are a number of reasons as to why organizational conflict arises. One reason is change. Companies can undergo change due to current trends in the society. Companies in an industry that is constantly changing can be forced to continually change its methods and operating procedures in order to keep pace (Joseph 2012). Such changes can cause a great amount of grievance and strain on the employees who have to adapt to the change. It may also mean that they are required to develop new skills outside their normal work routines. As a result of this, conflict may arise between workers and managers or among workers themselves.

Another reason for conflict is inadequate communication. One major causes of conflict is the failure to share ideas and feelings (Kumah 2012). During such a scenario individual employees can misinterpret what the other person is saying. They may begin to fabricate negative ideas that may not even exist.
Conflict can also be as a result of a difference in personal values or attitudes. As individuals our values are of great importance. If someone makes an attempt to challenge our values it is natural to defend what we stand for and believe in. Serious conflicts arise when people hold incompatible values or when values are not clear. Conflicts also arise when one party refuses to accept the fact that the other party holds something as a value rather than a preference (Joseph 2012).

1
Arguments for Conflict
Most people in or out of an organization would associate conflict with the negative. However conflict can be a good thing. Due to event throughout history we often think of the word conflict only as something that is bad. But the truth is that conflict can be a very good and helpful thing (Hinkley 2009). For instance, we can describe conflict as being good in an organization in the sense that it opens doors to solve the problems that an organization faces. It determines issues that need clearing up and pinpoints certain weaknesses the organization may have. Conflict provides a platform by which employees and managers can explore various ideas to improve effectiveness and efficiency without resulting in conflict. By hearing conflicting sides, people within the organization may think more carefully about the issues and make better decisions (Penn 2007). Besides that, conflict creates opportunity and encourages people to grow. Being able to handle conflict is a first-class sign of maturity.

Conflict also helps to give a better understand of each individual within the organization. Conflicts allow you to see how your employees react to problems and help you spot personality traits (Ellyn n.d). For a manager conflict can be helpful in recognizing the personalities of the employees. Employees can be categorized into bullies, complainers, leaders, problem slovers or even quitters. From here on a manager can be able to determine which employees are eligible for promotions or those that need to be done away with.

Conflict avoidance is prevalent in East Asian cultures, which are neither collaborative nor competitive. This leads to forbearance and the suppression of personal goals in pursuit of a harmonious relationship (Leung 2008). Some employees are ambitious and are determined to become great at their place of work. They have the need to strive for success. For such employees conflict works to their advantage. It motivates them to reach goals and therefore increase work productivity.

2
Arguments against Conflict When the word conflict comes to mind it automatically paints a negative picture. In all organizations conflict is bound to arise. If an organization does not have any methods of resolving conflict it can be extremely damaging to the organization. Conflict can arise out of the simplest situations such as one worker in a working environment wants the air con on high while another does not. If one refuses to budge and the other concedes, one worker might find it too uncomfortable, become ill from a cold office or ask to work from home (Ellyn n.d). This in return can lead to a number of workers becoming ill and not being able to attend work therefore productivity levels decrease.
Conflict can also be caused by disagreements between different departments in an organization. The organization did not have enough money to spend on the equipment. Well ownership is going to be upset because they don't have the money and they wish that they did and the employees are going to be mad because now they are going to have to work harder (Hinkley 2009). In this situation, employees in other departments may not have to work as hard as the employees from the department that cannot be provided with equipment. This can result in having demotivated workers who will not put in as much effort into their work.
The most obvious disadvantage of conflict is the toll on personnel emotions. Employees with high morale are likely to work harder, stay with the company and be more productive (Ellyn n.d). Emotions are a sensitive matter when it comes to conflict. People have different vulnerabilities and once they feel they are being forced or intimidated at the workplace it becomes uncomfortable for them to work accordingly. With all this negativity around the workplace quality of work diminishes, deadlines are unable to be met and over all work productivity declines. In the workplace, a conflict may last much longer. As a result, the life expectancy of the conflict may be longer in a work setting, thus raising the certainty of the conflict’s long-term impact on the subject (Poitras 2012). This in the long run does not have a positive impact on the organization and its reputation.

3 Conclusion
Managers in various organizations must accept that conflict will arise. They must have a good understanding of the negative and positive aspects of conflict. Managers must create awareness so that people within the organization avoid getting personal and create enemies. Employees need skills and a deeper understanding of to react when conflict arises. People in the organization need to be able to separate the personal and the emotional aspects of conflict from the problem-solving parts (Ghosh 2007). A good manager will accept the good and bad sides of conflict and then make a sound decision that will benefit the employees as well as the organization.
As a group we came to a conclusion that conflict in the organization must be avoided by all means even though the bad outweighs the good. Conflict can be a means of understanding individuals better or a motivational tool, but given an organization in Malaysia conflict should be avoided as much as possible. A harmonious environment in the workplace represents the values of the Malaysians. To preserve a peaceful surrounding at work benefits the workers as will as customers.

4
Reference List
Anderson A. (n.d). Negative Effects of Conflict Within an Organization. [Online]. Retrieved on 3 July 2012 from: http://www.ehow.com/list_5996525_negative-effects-conflict-within-organization.html Ellyn S. (n.d). Advantages and Disadvantages of Conflict in Organizations. [Online]. Retrived on 2 July 2012 from: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-amp-disadvantages-conflict-HYPERLINK "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-amp-disadvantages-conflict-organizations-40821.html"organizations-40821.html
Ghosh B. (2007). Conflict Benefits Organization. [Online]. Retrieved on 3July 2012 from: http://www.citehr.com/68982-conflict-benefits-organization.html#ixzz1zWTzwuKl

Gupta et al. (2011). The evaporating cloud: a tool for resolving workplace conflict. [Online]. Retrieved on 15 July 2012 from:

http://www.emeraldinsight.com/search.htm?st1=conflict+in+the+workplace&ct=all&ec=1&bf=1

Hinkley N. (2009). Conflict. [Online]. Retrieved on 2 July 2012 from: http://blog.lib.umn.edu/kinitf/smg3143/2009/10/conflict-6.html

Joseph C. (2012). Sources of Workplace Conflict. [Online]. Retrieved on 4 July 2012 from:
Sources of Workplace Conflict | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/list_5882530_sources-workplace-conflict.html#ixzz20OyXF6jz

Leung S.M. A. (2008). Interpersonal conflict and resolution strategies: An examination of Hong Kong employees. [Online]. Retrieved on 15 July 2012 from: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/search.htm?st1=conflict+in+the+organization&ct=jnl&ec=1&bf=1&sr1=causes+of+conflict+in+organizations&nolog=972310&page=1 Kumah E. (2012). Causes of Conflicts at the Workplace. [Online]. Retrieved on 5 July 2012 from: http://www.devtplanconsult.org/2012/05/causes-of-conflicts-at-the-workplace/ Soanes C and Stevenson Angus. (2008). Oxford Dictionary. 11e. Oxford University Press Inc, New York.

5
Penn S. (2010). Advantages and Disadvantages of Conflict in Organizations. [Online]. Retrieved on 3 July 2012 from:

http://www.ehow.com/list_5973700_advantages-disadvantages-conflict-organizations.html

Poitras J. (2012). Meta-analysis of the impact of the research setting on conflict studies. [Online]. Retrieved on 14 July 2012 from: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/search.htm?st1=conflict+in+the+workplace&ct=all&ec=1&bf=1&go=Go Robbins, S.P and Judge, T.A. (2007). Organizational behavior. New Jersery. Pearson Education, Inc.

Yu L. (2007). Conflict in the workplace. [Online]. Retrieved on 2July 2012 from: http://sloanreview.mit.edu/the-magazine/2007-winter/48201/conflict-in-the-workplace/

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