...The Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Literature Yassin H. Yassin UNDP, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia November 2005 Introduction Business organisations strive to survive by the efficient use of the factors of production and other facilities of the society. This process puts organizations in an interdependent relation with the government, the community at large and the environment. Such interdependence gives rise to a series of broader responsibilities to society in general (Mullins, 2005). Mullins further illustrates that the social responsibilities are both internal and external to the organisations. Presently, there is an increasing concern with the social responsibilities of organisations. This is reflected in part by the extent of government action and legislation on such matters as, for instance, employment protection, equal opportunities, company’s acts, consumer law, product liability and safeguarding the environment (Mullins, 2005). Based on this the social responsibilities of organisations have turned into a legal requirement. Business Stakeholders Palmer and Hartley (2002) argue that business organisations should act in a socially responsible manner for two self-evident reasons: one philosophic and the other pragmatic. Philosophically, models of a responsible society require organisations to do their part along with the family and other social institutions (the schools, the religious institutions, etc.). Pragmatically, organisations have to take account...
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...To what extent is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) beneficial to a company’s performance? CSR—A double-edged sword for company’s performance Starting from the refined corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies issued by the European Commission in 2011, a stinging debate is being aroused on the influence of CSR to the whole society. The most influential critic is Noble Prize winner Milton Friedman, who regards CSR as a waste of stockholders’ money (1970). However, many other articles claim, opposite Friedman, that CSR actually improves companies’ financial performance in the long run (Bagnoli and Watts, 2003; McWilliams and Siegel, 2001). There are plenty of arguments on CSR’s influence on company’s performance. As far as I am concerned, CSR plays as a double-edged sword in company performance. The definition of CSR is quite easy to understand. According to Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), CSR is defined as “achieving commercial success in ways that honor ethical values and respect people, communities, and the natural environment.” McWilliams and Siegel (2001:117) describe CSR as “actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the interest of the firm and that which is required by law.” These suggest that a socially responsible corporation should take a step forward and adopt strategies and business practices that go beyond the profit requirements and contribute to some social-friendly activities. However, when companies choose to engage in CSR...
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...International Journal of Management Reviews (2007) doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00215.x XXXX utilitarian, ORIGINAL XXX International Publishing Management theories IJMR 2007managerial and relational Reviews of corporate social responsibility © Blackwell Journal of Ltd 2007 1460-8545 Oxford, UK ARTICLES Blackwell Publishing Ltd Utilitarian, managerial and relational theories of corporate social responsibility Davide Secchi Concepts and theories of corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been examined and classified by scholars since the mid-1970s. However, owing to the evolving meaning of CSR and the huge number of scholars who have begun to analyze the issue in recent years fresh efforts are needed to understand new developments. Since there is a great heterogeneity of theories and approaches, the task remains a very hard one, mainly because heterogeneity derives from multi-disciplinary diversity. The criterion for selection is to consider the role that theorists confer to the firm. Following this idea, three groups of theories have been discerned: (1) the utilitarian group, in which the corporation is intended as a maximizing ‘black box’ where problems of externalities and social costs emerge; (2) the managerial category, where problems of responsibility are approached from inside the firm (internal perspective); (3) relational theories, or those in which the type of relations between the firm and the environment are at the center of the analysis. The three perspectives...
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...Companies use Corporate Advertising to increase awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility Therefore Increasing Profitability Erika Jean-Pierre Saint Leo University Abstract This review of literature will explore seven peer reviewed articles that report on results from research conducted on how companies use corporate advertising to increase awareness of corporate social responsibility thus increasing profitability. More specifically focusing on the advantages of corporate social responsibility and the positive benefits in profitability. This review of literature will incorporate various companies and industries from coffee, grocery, amusement parks, cars, oil production, alcohol, and casinos. It will analyze how corporate communication of corporate social responsibility enhances market share and drive increased profits. Companies use Corporate Advertising to increase awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility Therefore Increasing Profitability Numerous studies have been conducted on corporate advertising to increase awareness of corporate social responsibility and increased profitability for business. Companies use corporate advertising to strengthen their identities and create a favorable mental picture in consumer’s mindset. On average, companies spend millions of dollars each year in their marketing budgets toward corporate advertising. With corporate advertising, companies are not necessarily looking to sell a product or service, but rather the...
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...Journal of Management http://jom.sagepub.com/ What We Know and Don't Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis and Ante Glavas Journal of Management 2012 38: 932 originally published online 1 March 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/38/4/932 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Southern Management Association Additional services and information for Journal of Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - May 29, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Mar 1, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at Sunway Education Group on April 23, 2014 Journal of Management Vol. 38 No. 4, July 2012 932-968 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav What We Know and Don’t Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis Indiana University Ante Glavas University of Notre Dame The authors review the corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature based on 588 journal articles and 102 books and book chapters. They offer a multilevel and multidisciplinary theoretical framework...
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...Corporate Governance, 2001, Volume:1 Issue:2 Page:16 - 22 WHAT DO WE MEAN BY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY? Lance Moir Cranfield School of Management Lance Moir Cranfield School of Management Cranfield University Cranfield Bedford England MK43 0AL Tel: +44 (0) 1234 754374 Fax: +44 (0) 1234 752554 E-mail: l.moir@cranfield.ac.uk WHAT DO WE MEAN BY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY? There is an increasing focus by firms on examining their social responsibilities. For example, Business in the Community published ‘Winning with Integrity’ in November 2000. This has as part of its objectives ‘to produce materials and resources on how companies should measure and report their impact on society’ (Business Impact, 2000). It lists twenty such initiatives in various areas of furthering corporate social responsibility, not including its own report. Similarly, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD, 1999) seeks to develop a clear understanding of corporate social responsibility, including a matrix of corporate social responsibility indicators. But what is meant by Corporate Social Responsibility (‘CSR’)? Responsibility for what and to whom and who is calling for firms to be socially responsible? This article examines the broad development of the ideas behind CSR within the literature and some of the current attempts to define the social responsibilities of business. It starts by examining the debate about the nature of corporate social responsibility...
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...Abstract This article examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) on organizational performance. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational performance. Base on the literature reviews, the studies support that there is a positive relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational performance in terms of financial or management. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, organizational performance, 1.0 – Introduction The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is being discuss and debate over the decade. The discussion of CSR started since 1950s and it continued to grow in importance and significance. In spite of the seeming endless discussion about it, it has seen a lot of development in both academic and practitioner communities all over the world (Carroll and Shabana, 2010). According to Nolan et. al (2009), CSR is use to build up good rapport with the public. Corporates always use it as a strategy to save their skin from unforeseen risks and corporate scandals, brand differentiation, governmental rules and regulations, possible environmental accidents, protect eye-catching profits, and better relationship with employees based on volunteerism terms. Corporation like Gardenia, Nestle and YTL corporation always publish their CSR activities on their websites, sustainability reports and their advertising campaigns...
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...Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory Elisabet Garriga, ` ´ Domenec Mele ABSTRACT. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) field presents not only a landscape of theories but also a proliferation of approaches, which are controversial, complex and unclear. This article tries to clarify the situation, ‘‘mapping the territory’’ by classifying the main CSR theories and related approaches in four groups: (1) instrumental theories, in which the corporation is seen as only an instrument for wealth creation, and its social activities are only a means to achieve economic results; (2) political theories, which concern themselves with the power of corporations in society and a responsible use of this power in the political arena; (3) integrative theories, in which the corporation is focused on the satisfaction of social demands; and (4) ethical theories, based on ethical responsibilities of corporations to society. In practice, each CSR theory presents four dimensions related to Elisabet Garriga is a PhD student in Management at IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Spain. She holds a degree in Philosophy and another in Economics from the University of Barcelona, Spain. She has taught Business Ethics at the University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, for the International Education of Students (IES), a consortium comprised of more than 120 leading US colleges and universities. Her current research focuses on the concept and implementation of Corporate Social...
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...Strategic management, corporate responsibility and stakeholder management Integrating corporate responsibility principles and stakeholder approaches into mainstream strategy: a stakeholder-oriented and integrative strategic management framework Takis Katsoulakos and Yannis Katsoulacos Takis Katsoulakos is a Director at INLECOM Ltd, Burgess Hill, West Sussex, UK. Yannis Katsoulacos is a Professor at Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece. Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this article is to establish a strategic management framework that supports the integration of corporate social responsibility principles and stakeholder approaches into mainstream business strategy. Design/methodology/approach – A top-down and bottom-up approach was used to develop the proposed framework. The top-down approach focused on analyzing the main strategic management theories including social responsibility movements to identify complementary concepts and create a relevant topology. The bottom-up approach was based on empirical research on the views of business companies on corporate social responsibility, a review of best practices and case studies mainly in Greece. Findings – The paper describes a stakeholder-oriented integrative strategic management framework linking the main strategic management theories across value, responsiveness and responsibility dimensions. A mathematical model is presented describing the synergistic development of advantage-creating knowledge and...
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...2009 Suparn Sharma, Jyoty Sharma, Arti Devi 205 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THE KEY ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Suparn Sharma (PhD),Joity Sharma (PhD), Arti Devi Abstract Business organizations have waked up to the need for being committed towards Corporate Social Responsibility. But still majority have just been taking up some form of philanthropic activities for its stakeholders. Nurturing a strong corporate culture which emphasizes Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) values and competencies is required to achieve the synergistic benefits. The employees of an organization occupy a central place in developing such a culture which underlines CSR values and competencies. The present study, therefore, is an attempt to explore the engagement of human resource management professionals in undertaking Corporate Social Responsibility. It also suggests Human Resource Management to take a leading role in encouraging CSR activities at all levels. The combined impact of CSR and human resource activities, which reinforce desirable behavior, can make a major contribution in creating long term success in organizations. Sharma S., Sharma J. and Devi A. - Corporate Social Responsibility: The Key Role of Human Resource Management 206 Business Intelligence Journal January Introducción Business houses, right from the inception of human race, have been regarded as constructive partners in the communities in which they operate. Though they have been instrumental...
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...Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management Corp. Soc. Responsib. Environ. Mgmt. (in press) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/csr.132 How Corporate Social Responsibility is Defined: an Analysis of 37 Definitions Alexander Dahlsrud* Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Faculty of Social Science and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT Despite numerous efforts to bring about a clear and unbiased definition of CSR, there is still some confusion as to how CSR should be defined. In this paper five dimensions of CSR are developed through a content analysis of existing CSR definitions. Frequency counts are used to analyse how often these dimensions are invoked. The analysis shows that the existing definitions are to a large degree congruent. Thus it is concluded that the confusion is not so much about how CSR is defined, as about how CSR is socially constructed in a specific context. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. Received 24 April 2006; revised 31 August 2006; accepted 18 September 2006 Keywords: analysis; corporate social responsibility; definitions; discourse; social construction Introduction HE CORPORATE WORLD IS FACING THE NOTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) wherever it turns these days. On a wide range of issues corporations are encouraged to behave socially responsibly (Welford...
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...A Developing Country Perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Test Case of Bangladesh Ali Quazi, The University of Newcastle Ziaur Rahman, IITM, Bangladesh Byron Keating, University of Wollongong Abstract The ‘social contract’ between the corporation and the community is of critical importance. The motivations for these contracts are continuously being revisited to understand how CSR programs can nurture and contribute to the growth of firms. While CSR issues are attracting a great deal of attention in the developed world, there is a need for more research into CSR in the developing world. This paper considers the CSR practices of a small sample of multinational corporations (MNCs) and local firms in Bangladesh to better understand this situation. Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has generated significant debate in academic and corporate circles in recent times. This debate acknowledges the importance of CSR in the first-world, but raises questions regarding the extent to which corporations operating in developing countries have CSR obligations (Jamali and Mirshak, 2007). Conventional wisdom suggests that CSR is more relevant to corporations operating in the developed countries due to elevated community expectations of socially responsible behaviour. In contrast there is also a belief that societal expectations in the developing countries mainly centre on economic growth; therefore relegating CSR to be of lesser importance to the society and...
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...MGT3110 Business and Society MODULE HANDBOOK 2013-2014 Module Leader (London): Dr. Andrea Werner Module Tutor (Dubai): Mr. Kieran Ross Middlesex University Dubai Business School Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION AND MODULE SUMMARY.............................................................3 Module aims .................................................................................................................3 Contacts .......................................................................................................................3 Module Website on MyUniHub .....................................................................................3 Learning Outcomes ......................................................................................................4 Assessment Scheme ...................................................................................................4 Employability Skills.......................................................................................................4 Code of Conduct ..........................................................................................................5 2. LEARNING MATERIALS ............................................................................................6 3. TIMETABLE AND TEACHING PROGRAMME ...........................................................8 Lecture and Seminar Schedule.................................................................................... 8 Lectures...
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...Business & Society http://bas.sagepub.com Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct Archie B. Carroll Business Society 1999; 38; 268 DOI: 10.1177/000765039903800303 The online version of this article can be found at: http://bas.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/38/3/268 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: International Association for Business and Society Additional services and information for Business & Society can be found at: Email Alerts: http://bas.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://bas.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations http://bas.sagepub.com/cgi/content/refs/38/3/268 Downloaded from http://bas.sagepub.com at Biblioteca di Ateneo - Trento on April 28, 2010 Carroll / CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BUSINESS & SOCIETY / September 1999 Corporate Social Responsibility Evolution of a Definitional Construct ARCHIE B. CARROLL University of Georgia There is an impressive history associated with the evolution of the concept and definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this article, the author traces the evolution of the CSR construct beginning in the 1950s, which marks the modern era of CSR. Definitions expanded during the 1960s and proliferated during the 1970s. In the 1980s, there were fewer new definitions, more empirical research, and alternative themes...
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...Performance Assessments: Estimated weeks to complete Social Responsibility (JJT2) Activities at a Glance 1 4 WEEK 1 Ethics Reading Read the following chapters in Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics, Public Policy: chapter 4 ("Ethics and Ethical Reasoning") chapter 5 ("Organizational Ethics and the Law") After reading the assigned chapters in your e-text go to the publisher companion site to review key terms and to take the interactive quizzes for the assigned chapters. Overview of Leadership Ethics Access MindEdge and complete the following module. Compare your work to the feedback provided. Module 1: Leadership Ethics If you want additional information to supplement your learning, please review the following SkillSoft resource: Business Ethics for Managers WEEK 2 Overview of Sustainable Management Read the following chapter in Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics, Public Policy: chapter 10 ("Ecology and Sustainable Development in Global Business") chapter 11 ("Managing Environmental Issues") After reading the assigned chapters in your e-text go to the publisher companion site to review key terms and to take the interactive quizzes for the assigned chapters. Sustainable Management Review Visit this website for additional information: www.epa.gov Access MindEdge and complete the following module. Compare your work to the feedback provided. Module 3: Overview of Sustainable Management ...
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