...MGX5020 Ethics and Business Corruption Tutor: Jeremy St. John Ash Khan (23757175) Yan Che (24584193) Li Junyi (21771138) 9/21/2012 Introduction: Corruption is defined as wrongdoing on the part of an authority or powerful party through means that are illegitimate, immoral or incompatible with ethical standards. Business corruption has been one of the major ethical issues facing the world in modern times and there has been a lot of debate in regards to the motives of the companies that participate in it. Some even argue that corruption is not solely down to lack of honesty but more as a tool that is required to survive in the current market due to increased competition, market conditions etc. In this paper, we would try to develop a knowledge based framework to understand the motives and consequences of business corruption through an ethical perspective. In analysing the ethics of business corruption, this paper will focus on 3 different ethical theories; Kohlberg’s theory of cognitive moral development, Consequentialism and Deontological ethical theories. Each theory represents different standpoints and arguments in as to the motives behind business corruption. Literature Review: Transparency International, the leading anti-corruption nongovernmental organization, “has chosen a clear and focused definition” of corruption as “the misuse of entrusted power for private gain” (Transparency International, 2008a). According to Professors Dunfee and Hess...
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...Corp's Business Ethics Practices: Creating Six Sigma Standards in Staying Corruption-Free "Fluor Corporation (Fluor Corp.) was listed in the world’s 'Most Ethical Companies' by Ethisp here magazine in 2008. It was the only company that made it to the list from the construction sector for two consecutive years. Alan Boeckmann (Boeckmann), chairman and CEO of Fluor Corp. Corporation acknowledging the achievement said, "Ethics and ethical behavior are core values at Fluor Corp. and have been since our inception more than a century ago. We are proud of the examples our employees set around the globe and we are honored to be recognized on this prestigious list."1 Fluor Corp., with offices in 25 countries across the globe, provides services in the fields of engineering, construction, procurement and maintenance to its clients in the fields of oil and gas, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, alternative energy, nuclear infrastructure and government projects. Fluor Corp.'s ethical compliance initiatives, many argue, create a virtuous cycle in eroding corruption practices. However, the bigger debate is, would everyone buy Fluor Corp.'s philosophy? Why is it doing what it's doing? Corruption, Business Corruption: The Insatiable Motivations Corruption is defined as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain2 and as Boeckmann aptly said, "As you know, corruption has been with us for centuries. If not the oldest human vice, it is a close second. My belief, however, is that corruption need not...
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...Corp's Business Ethics Practices: Creating Six Sigma Standards in Staying Corruption-Free "Fluor Corporation (Fluor Corp.) was listed in the world’s 'Most Ethical Companies' by Ethisp here magazine in 2008. It was the only company that made it to the list from the construction sector for two consecutive years. Alan Boeckmann (Boeckmann), chairman and CEO of Fluor Corp. Corporation acknowledging the achievement said, "Ethics and ethical behavior are core values at Fluor Corp. and have been since our inception more than a century ago. We are proud of the examples our employees set around the globe and we are honored to be recognized on this prestigious list."1 Fluor Corp., with offices in 25 countries across the globe, provides services in the fields of engineering, construction, procurement and maintenance to its clients in the fields of oil and gas, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, alternative energy, nuclear infrastructure and government projects. Fluor Corp.'s ethical compliance initiatives, many argue, create a virtuous cycle in eroding corruption practices. However, the bigger debate is, would everyone buy Fluor Corp.'s philosophy? Why is it doing what it's doing? Corruption, Business Corruption: The Insatiable Motivations Corruption is defined as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain2 and as Boeckmann aptly said, "As you know, corruption has been with us for centuries. If not the oldest human vice, it is a close second. My belief, however, is that corruption need...
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...Eradication of Corruption at Fluor Corporation By Marcus Youngquist 15 Jul 2009 When thinking about what is the most important initiative for Alan Boeckmann; CEO of Fluor Corporation, can take to eliminate corruption in his company many initiatives come to mind. The Fluor Corporation delivers engineering, procurement, construction and maintenance services to 600 clients on 1,000 projects in 85 different countries. (1) When a company of that size and magnitude tries to combat something such as corruption which has been present in the world for centuries, it is without a doubt an uphill battle. I feel that Boeckmann can be successful in corruption free contracting if the right steps continue to be taken. The fight against corruption needs to happen on multiple levels; financially, politically, and intellectually. One of the first steps in eradicating corruption is on the financial front. Fluor can do this by continuing to support leading advocacy groups. (1) There is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In 1998 more than 30 nations, including all of our major trading partners, implemented rigorous anti-bribery commitments mandated by OECD. (1) One company that pioneered the private sector getting involved with anti-corruption acts is the the Partnership Against Corruption Initiative (PACI). (1) Each signatory company agreed to maintain a zero tolerance policy towards bribery and corruption. Along...
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...One of the important and mass kinds of a professional etiquette is engineering ethics. As set of the norms regulating behavior of the engineer, it has started to be formed for a long time. Such as norms are included here: necessity to execute the work honestly; to create devices which would be useful for people and would not cause harm; responsibility for results of the professional work; definition of the form of relations (customs and the rules regulating the relations) of the engineer with other participants of process of creation and use technicians. A number of such norms is fixed in legal documents, for example, in the laws concerning safety issues, intellectual property, the copyright. Some norms of professional work of engineers are fixed in the administrative establishments regulating activity of this or that organization. Till certain time ethical standards can exist in a kind of "unwritten rules», but in process of expansion of sphere of social consequences of engineering activity, its complications and misbalance there is a necessity for specially developed and accurately formulated ethical codes. They, as a rule, correlate both with the legal legislation, and with administrative statutory acts, but appreciably reflect specificity of this or that engineering community, being public regulators of interaction of its members. Well-developed ethical codes exist in Germany, France, and the USA. So, in the USA numerous engineering both scientific trade unions and societies...
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... | | | |Brevard College | | | |B. B. Boerner | Ethical issues are always a big problem when it comes to business. Ethical issues can cause businesses’ problems especially when they are coming from one country to another. A company has to worry about what is going on in the country that they are currently in, then when they...
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...Bribery and corruption is a way of life in many countries. These practices affect the way international business is regularly conducted. However, in most of these countries, it is illegal to offer or receive bribes or engage in corrupt practices. Yet corrupt practices are a part of the ‘culture’ of ‘doing businesses. Unless companies ‘conform’ to such practices, in many cases, international business cannot be transacted. This paper will attempt to provide discussion about bribery and corruption in international trade example in vary different point of view in according to the principal ethical system suchlike religious, philosophical and ‘natural’. It will anayize the case of Siemens bribery scandal related to ethical issues. Bribery is a most important issue of concern to many companies. Incidents of bribery vary across many countries. Not everyone has the same opinion about this issue. Hong Kong and Greek managers are less critical of bribery in certain situations than Americas. Paying bribery carries with it a great risk to damaging the company reputation with the country which the briberies are paid and at home. Moreover, there is also the risk that the corporate culture of the company will become more open-minded of several of other practices at the legal issues. There is also evidence to suggest that those countries with the reputation for bribery and corruption damage themselves as it reflects in their economic growth has a low rates for high level of corruption. Corruption...
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...Transmittal November 30, 2011 To Dr. A. R. Khan Professor Department of Banking Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Term Paper on Social Responsibility & Business Ethics. Dear Sir, As instructed and part of our academic program under EMBA, I do hereby submit my report on ‘Unethical practice of Sonali Bank Ltd.’ for your kind review and necessary reference. While preparing this report, I tried my best to follow the guidelines you have given and also have gathered some practical experience. I hope that this report will meet your expectation. I have engaged our intense efforts to bring out this study report with the target of achieving perfection but we are in a little doubt how far I have attained it. It was a great pleasure for me to work on this report. I shall be glad to furnish you with any explanation, if necessary. I shall be highly obliged if you kindly accept my report. Sincerely yours, Abu Sadat Md. Salim I.D No: 51221026 21st Batch Acknowledgement It gives me much pleasure to recall with cordial reverence and deepest of gratitude the indispensable guidance, constant encouragement and unparallel stimulation that influenced untiring efforts. Sympathetic advice and invaluable suggestions of our respectable teacher Dr. A. R. Khan, Professor, Department of Banking, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, from whom I was highly benefited throughout the progress of this study...
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...Precision Part Inc. is looking to do business with other international companies. One of the countries that Precision part is interesting in is Germany. In order to do business in Germany, it is important to understand their business ethics and laws. By understanding the law at hand, it would give Precision Part Inc. a better understanding on how Germany conduct business and also to make sure the company is ethical. A few international countries believe in corruption. Corruption can consist of bribery and nepotism. Bribery is more common in underdeveloped countries that are looking for additional income to bring in. Bribes are expected in many countries, the United States’ 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prohibits payments made to foreign government officials with the aim of gaining or maintaining business (Here Comes the Bribe). The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act was updated in 1998 after bribery was banned from Germany. Now the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act applies to foreign firms and persons who cause an act in making such a corrupt payment within the United States territory (Foreign Corrupt Practices Act). Bribery is another way of saying extorting money from someone. Bribery is when money or something value is promised to, given to, or taken form an individual or company in attempt to sway someone decisions. Nepotism is more of a government corruption. Government will use their powers for dishonest gains or illegal means. German engineering conglomerate Siemens...
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...Business Ethics across Cultures Raul Torres XMGT 216 Daniel Anderson 1/8/2012 America has not always had the same working conditions and ethical guidelines it has today. We know from history that in the early 1920’s American industries had a very different outtake on what was ethical on tolerable. During those times there were no child labor laws so children were allowed to work in order to be able to provide another source of income for the family. In today’s society we have laws and guidelines that an employer needs to follow in order to be able keep the business from being fined or closed on. Going back to the 1920’s there were no safety guidelines set so if the main provider of the family became injured then the oldest son would have to fill in, in order to keep the family with an income. Employers did not have to follow certain hours in which kids were going to be working such as in today’s society. Aside from children working long hours with no protection women did not work at all outside the house. With no women working outside of their home then we can say that there were no laws on sexual harassment against women. This was something that America was dealing with when they were trying to establish great ethics in our country. Other countries have dealt with much more than sexual harassment and child labor. The first article being reviewed for the Business Ethics across Cultures article review was about issues with Wal-Mart and China. Nearly every...
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...Business Ethics Across the World [YOUR NAME HERE] Organizational Ethics and Social Responsibility - XMGT/216 May 19, 2013 Jo Ann Johnson Have you ever considered how globalization has not only brought countries closer together, but also how it has created a unified ethical perspective for countries doing business together? Management teams are finding out that there is a world of ethical challenges waiting to be discovered through the increased development of globalization. If ethics are a problem within a country, imagine the challenges that arise when the language is foreign, cultures are diverse, and the number of people involved grows to a global scale. In this paper we are going to discuss two articles which cover the ethical perspectives of India and China, how these articles contribute to understanding global ethics, and how India’s and China’s business ethics compare to that of the United States. Santa Clara University published an article written by Stephen Rothlin called “Business Ethics in the Chinese Context” that discussed some of the progress China made in 2006 and 2007 in business ethics. Stephen Rothlin is the general secretary of the Center for International Business Ethics in Beijing. In January 2008, Rothlin updated the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics Business and Organizational Ethics Partnership with the progress he had seen since his last visit in 2006. Rothlin discussed six categories including; consumer rights, anti-corruption activity, environmental...
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...Research Methodology • Title A study of the effect of bribery and corruption with lack of censorship in the governmental institution There are various reasons why corruption takes place and takes hold. Sometimes it is due to the fact that officials are simply not paid very much and so they need to supplement their salaries with money from bribes. Sometimes the bureaucratic system is set up in such a way that officials simply refuse to carry out their duties unless they are ‘encouraged’ by being offered bribes. In other cases it is actually part of the tradition and culture of a country to give and receive ‘gifts’ in order to get anything done. In some cases companies from less corrupt countries allegedly engage in bribery in order to do business in countries where corruption is the norm, otherwise they would not be able to operate successfully in those countries. It can be argued that if such companies did not bribe officials in the necessary countries then the economies of those countries would suffer because fewer companies would invest in them, thus making them poorer. On a smaller scale corruption is often just a result of people’s natural desire to ‘beat the system’. Mostly, corruption occurs in environments where it is tolerated and where the temptation is too strong to resist. In the following paragraph there are some examples of how bribes take place in each and every one of them. • Problem Statement Main Problem: A person gives some money to officials...
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...Business Ethics across Cultures Dolphinette Williams XMGT/216 December 18, 2011 Shakema Fleming-Sanders If we thing how globalization has not just brought countries closer together, then just how it has created a definite moral view for countries doing business together managing groups are finding out that there are huge moral encounters waiting to be discovered by the enriched growth on a global scale. If ethics are a problem in a nation, imagine the problems that come up when the amount of the population affected matures to global scale, backgrounds are not the same, in addition to the dialect being unknown. At the University of Santa Clara an article wrote by Stephen Rothlin titled “Business Ethics in the Chinese Context” was printed, that tossed out several of the growths china accomplished in Global Business Ethics in 2006 and 2007 in Beijing. 2008 of January, Rothlin updated the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics Business and Organizational Ethics Partnership with the development he had seen since his last trip in 2006. Rothlin tossed out six styles counting conditions for moral businesses, community role, ecological sustainability, anti-corruption action, and consumer opportunities. In all of the styles he debated each stage seen along with proposed subjects which necessitated attention for growth (Business Ethics in the Chinese Context, 2008). China’s job values and employee rights have developed throughout the development of their Labor Contract Law which now...
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...Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics Stephen M Russell University of Phoenix International Marketing MK 571 Mr. Danny Rubick June 13, 2011 Abstract Ethics is sometimes described as a body of standards or human conduct that governs the behavior of individuals and groups. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the way a company manage the business processes to produce and overall positive impact on society. The three levels of this CSR are economic, legal and ethical. A company needs to be more than economically and legally responsible, it must include ethics and these ethics must be above the bare minimum legal requirements. (Gehrke, 2008) You hear of labor issues, environmental issues and the one this paper will discuss is government corruption. Many companies allow governments to be corrupt and they are allowed to steal from their own people. Such is the case in Nigeria, so PUR Packets will need to be aware of this dilemma and work closely with the government to make sure all business is legal, economical and ethical. Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics Corporate Social Responsibility is a form of self regulation, conscious attempts and self efforts undertaken by an organization for enhancement of operations. CSR is usually part of a business model and should be part of the marketing strategy. CSR in its best element promotes public interest encouraging community growth and development, and it eliminates practices that harm that...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Globalization has not only moved nations nearer together, but has also generated a single moral perception for nations conducting business together. Management teams are discovering that there are great moral challenges waiting to be found out by the enhanced progress to a global scale. If ethics are an issue inside a country, one can visualize the difficulties that arise when the quantity of people involved grows up to an international scale, cultures are different, and the language is alien. In this report we are going to consider two articles which deal with the moral perceptions of China and India, how these articles add to understanding international ethics, and how China’s and India’s business ethics contrast to that of the United States. Santa Clara University printed an article penned by Stephen Rothlin called Business Ethics in the Chinese Context” that thrashed out some of the growth China achieved in 2006 and 2007 in business ethics. Stephen Rothlin works as the general secretary of the Center for International Business Ethics in Beijing. In January 2008, Rothlin modernized the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics Business and Organizational Ethics Partnership with the growth he had seen since his last trip in 2006. Rothlin thrashed out six types including; conditions for moral companies, community role, ecological sustainability, anti-corruption action, and customer privileges. In each of the six types he discussed both developments...
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