...Why Did The Industrial Revolution Happen First in Britain? The industrial Revolution began in Great Britain almost 250 years ago, in the 1760s. Within a half century it started to spread, first to northwestern Europe and the newly formed United States. The Industrial Revolution consisted of the application of new sources of power to the production process, achieved with transmission equipment necessary to apply this power to manufacturing which involved an increased scale of human organization that facilitated specialization and coordination at pre-industrial levels groupings rarely contemplated. The key invention in Europe’s industrial revolution was the steam engine, which harnessed the energy potential of coal. Later, the industrial revolution also used electric and internal combustion motors and petroleum as well as coal. This revolution, progressively introduced steam or other power to the production process and steadily increased the proportion of the process accomplished by equipment without direct human guidance. The organizational facet of the industrial revolution was initially symbolized by the factory, but the organizational principles spread beyond the factory itself. The two central features of industrialization were the revolution in technology and organization of production, which yielded one clear result of a great increase in the total of goods and individual worker’s output. The revolutionary quality of industrialization is particularly obvious in the world...
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...The relationship between the Industrial Revolution and the Russian Revolution offers many interesting perspectives. Whether the former led to the latter and if so, the timing and context of the same, has been a theme of debate. “For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility."Robert E Lucas, Jr. When and how did the Industrial Revolution come about? Broadly speaking the complete transformation of manufacturing processes in industries especially textiles and iron marked the boom period of this era. The advent of newer and more efficient forms of technology meant that production leap-frogged generating revenue surplus for the economy. It also meant that the demand for raw materials increased multifold, which translated into more demand for colonies for their supply. Thus, technology boosted economy, which in turn impacted the foreign/strategic policies of the countries in question. Quite expectedly, the Industrial Revolution started in Britain and spread to other countries subsequently. Another facet of the Industrial Revolution was the social...
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...The Industrial Revolution The term Industrial Revolution refers to the social and economic changes that led to the transition from an agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial one. This revolution relied on machinery instead of basic tools. This happened in Great Britain in the middle of the 18th century until the middle of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution spread to other parts of Europe as well as other parts of the world. The period of explorations from the 14th to the 16th centuries helped in laying the foundations for the Industrial Revolution. Because of the explorations and subsequently colonialism, gold and silver from the New World flooded Europe. Prices of commodities rose, industries bloomed and a money-based economy fully developed. The expansion of trade and the economy based on money led to the creation of financial and lending institutions. Thus, the necessary factors for the emergence of an Industrial Revolution had already been established in the 15thcentury. The term Industrial revolution does not imply that changes happened only in the industry. In fact, the rise in the number of factories, the economic changes and the new inventions in science all had a great impact in the lives of the people in Europe and even the whole world. THE RISE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN GREAT BRITAIN From the 18th to the 19th centuries, Great Britain was the leading force in industry. It had large deposits of coal and iron. Because...
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...events have happened in the world. The French and the Industrial revolution are two very most important events in history. The French revolution brought attention to social and economic problems they were facing, bringing awareness to the idea of liberty, equality and fraternity. Which lead them to question their king and his allegiance to his people. As for the Industrial revolution it became know as one of the most historical movements in history; shift on technology happened and manual labor became a thing of the past. These two revolutions caused change in their traditional values, and in government. Since the Middle Ages Europe was divided into three estates. The first estates consisted of clergy’s and priests; they represented over 5% of the population and did not pay taxes. The...
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...century in the American history, the rate of immigration increased dramatically as the hostility toward immigrants increased. This becomes a national myth that Nevertheless, there were several historical causes that had stimulated the immigrants and had made the immigration flows happened even with the increasing hostility of the American residents. The most likely explanation is the European emigration was unprecedented so that American could not resist such great population shift. The nature of this hostility is mainly due to factors such...
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...A. Industrial Revolution As the Industrial Revolution began, it had great impact on social consequences. The first being material wealth. The common people were able to have better access to food, clothing, shelter and medicine. This improved the lives of many, many people. This surge in material wealth contributed directly to the sustained population growth. Robert E. Lucas, Jr. said, “For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth…Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before.” On the con side of the Industrial Revolution, traditional lifestyles became impractical. Communities were rendered obsolete or useless. Professor Ludwig von Mises noted that the living conditions prior to the Industrial Revolution were deplorable at best, this led the people to embrace the new Revolution. He said, “It is a distortion of facts that the factories carried off the housewives from the nursery and the kitchen and children from their play. These women had nothing to cook with and to feed their children. These children were destitute and starving. Their only refuge was the factory. It saved them, in the strict sense of the term, from death by starvation.” Parents were no less mindful of their children then than they were centuries before. Factory owners could not force children to work in conditions their parents found unacceptable. The influx of population into Britain at this...
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...Industrial Revolution. If there is any time period that has affected humanity the most, it would be the industrial revolution, because without this time period there would have been very little technologic advancements in machinery. To put it bluntly, we would be working with our hands as if we were still living in the 1700s. Next, transportation would have stayed where it was during the 1700s. We would be using horses to travel on foot, non-electric powered ships to travel overseas, and with no method of traveling in the sky. We would be using extremely inefficient ways of transportation if the Industrial Revolution never existed. Finally, the quality of life for every human being on earth would be drastically lower than it is today without electricity. The much needed advancements that needed to be made for the general welfare wouldn’t have ever happened without the industrial revolution. Without the Industrial Revolution, there would have been very few advances in technology. Life would be just as it was in the 1700s, because machine tools that replaced the long tedious hard work wouldn’t have been invented. Without the machines, there would be very little urbanization, and the United States would have remained rural for the most part. Just because the land would remain rural doesn’t mean farming would expand, but rather remain long, tedious, and tiring, making a need for even more slaves. Slavery could have possibly never ended in America because working on the...
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...Industrial Revolution; Working Conditions Starting in the 1750’s many advancements had came to society, effecting Great Britain, France and Germany. The Industrial Revolution encouraged many of new technological advancements as well farmers and new crops. Much food was being grown to feed the people so population has now started to grow. Great Britain has developed advanced transportation and has a plentiful supply of iron and coal resources, which lead into this revolution. Steam powered ships and steam engines were invented, allowing transportation to become more popular. 1850, the Industrial Revolution had entered a new stage, France and Germany started advancing/industrializing rapidly. French government had agreed to support projects to improve transportation. The revolution began to advance in the textile industry, the demand for labor and series of inventions started increasing. New machines such as the flying shuttle, the spinning jenny and water powered looms which sped up weaving. Mills were now built by rivers because machines were now ran off of running water. Due to fast production, many of goods were manufactured which called for workers to run machines in the factories. Wages of farms were cut short due to the rise of machines and factories. Thousands of farm workers were taken to work in mills. Houses and food were provided for the factory workers, especially for children that worked day in and day out. Working conditions were not too pleasant, neither...
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...Events that Change the World JaShavea Everett American Intercontinental University Professor Whitehead Events that Change the World In the very end of the 18th century, a revolution occurred, and it took the world by storm; and they weren’t ready for it. The revolution was not one to that had to deal with anything necessarily politics, but in the future would lead to many findings later in its place of existence. The revolution had no cultural or social impact; this revolution was economic. The Industrial Revolution changed the world. It changed the way the world’s production of their goods. The IR changed the societies in the times back then; it went from being agriculture society, to then being taken over by manufacturing. The IR began in Great Britain, in the middle of the 18th century, when they were the most powerful force in the world. It was hard to even imagine that Britain was leading this revolution, they had the most wealth. Shortly after England was adopted, other countries began to play a part in the IR, countries like Germany, France, and the United States. During the time of the IR people began to invent new technology, and thus far technology began to advance and this bought the coming forth, cultural problems, as well as socioeconomic. The steam power was one of the biggest advancements in technology. Fuels like coal and petroleum were included in the newly steam engines. This invention revolutionized many of the industries, including manufacturing...
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...1. The Industrial Revolution was a period of time between the mid 18th century and the mid 19th century where dramatic and unprecedented changes happened in the English society. A feature that characterised this period in time included the introduction of new technologies which in turn caused social and economic issues. The Industrial Revolution made leaps and bounds in technological development. These technologies emerged between the 18th and 19th century, As England began to drift towards machine-based manufacturing. The introduction of steam power, the catalyst of the Industrial Revolution, led to steam machines being implemented in a wide array of machinery. Steam power replaced manual labour due to its cost efficiency, and this in turn developed into my next feature; transformation of English society. The technological innovation brought about in the British industrial revolution also brought about rapid social transformation. Population boomed as people flocked to urban centres to search for work. The working classes had to live in destitute conditions while children were forced to work. These changes in social realities created pressure for political change as well, with demands for labour rights and equality. Technological transformation in the Industrial Revolution also caused the economic development happening in England. With mass-industrialisation came an unprecedented growth in the economy of Great Britain, fostered by the development of steam machines...
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...As the Scientific Revolution and Age of Enlightenment were coming to and end, a new revolution was developing. The Industrial Revolution refers to the time period in which major industrialization occurred. Businesses used machines to manufacture products, instead of making them by hand. Millions of people moved to cities to pursue new opportunities. Although the Industrial Revolution did create infrastructure in cities, to 19th century England it was more harmful than beneficial. To begin, the living conditions in cities were very poor. Subsequently, the conditions for workers during this time were considerably worse than the previous era. Lastly, the Industrial Revolution caused an increase in deaths in urban areas during the 19th...
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...Industrial Revolution: Webquest Name:__Ankit Baboota____________ Directions: Complete the 5 sections below. Each section has a website that you need to go to. Be sure to answer every question! 1. Inventions. Go to: http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/innovations.html o What 2 major agricultural inventions did Jethro Tull create? The seed drill and horse hoe. o What was the “spinning jenny”? A machine that spun many threads at once. o What did James Watt invent? The steam engine. o What was one advantage of the Steamboat that Robert Fulton created? It could take off under its own power. o What was one of the positive effects of Stephenson’s invention of the steam powered train? Increased communication and trade. o In your opinion what was the most significant invention during the Industrial Revolution, and why? I believe it was the steam engine because it is the source of all running machines. 2. Use of Child Labor. Go to: http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/Baker_00/2002_p7/ak_p7/childlabor.html o What was a typical work day like for children working in the factories? (How long of a day did they work, did they get breaks, etc) Worked hard for up to 19 hours with a one hour break. o Why was factory work dangerous for children? There were large, heavy, and dangerous machines. o Describe the treatment of children who worked in the factories. They were poorly treated. o How did the Factory Act in 1833 improve conditions...
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...the short span of 55 years between 1865 and 1920 the Industrial Revolution brought vast expansion of big business and a change to the American people. Lad by Henry Ford’s assembly line industrial powers such as Carnegie, Huntington, and Rockefeller emerged and built their empires. Birthed from these industrial empires we witnessed the growth of legislation and laws that where susceptible to manipulation by the development of corrupt politics. With the surge in technology, growth of super powers, environmental issues, government legislation, or corrupt business practices or corrupt government the industrial revolution exploded in a time where change was needed to draw the American eye away from the deadly Civil War, which so many where still attached to, and focus on the theoretical idea “a better way of life”. The Industrial Revolution was sold to the American people with the false since that if you work hard you will acquire wealth. This lie to the populace was met with a flood of American and immigrant workers that swarmed to the workforce for low wages and unhealthy work environments. Imbedding this idea into the American workforce the Industrial Revolution spawned business power houses like Carnegie, Huntington, Ford, and Rockefeller. The Industrial Revolution also bestowed on us the corrupt business and political practices that shaped the laws and regulations that are practiced today. The Industrial Revolution saw itself spawn from three industries that led the...
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... | | | |Introduction to Sociology | | | | | |The Industrial Revolution changed |How it changed the economy |1900 and Today | |The number of people employed in industrial |The use of machines began to spread throughout |Implementation of the production line | |manufacturing (textiles, iron goods, metal, |the world | | |pottery, etc.) | | | |number of people who left the agricultural |New job opportunities |Henry Ford automobile production plant | |field | | ...
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...2.00 pm class Industrial Revolution paper During the period from the early 18th century to the mid 19th century people experienced many changes that had an impact on their lives such as technical advance, development of transport, trade, better organization of output or new financial structures. All these achievements happened spontaneously and were not planned. Economy was in process of rapid change and it gave many opportunities for people to gain wealth as well as social advancement. Almost every aspect of people’s lives was influenced in some way. This essay would like to argue that there were many innovations during this era; however, the biggest changes that people went through were industrialization and trade. Industrialization stalled the manual labour and set off the machine-based manufacturing. This major shift was closely associated with new rules for workers who had to adapt to new system. Furthermore, free trade became a phenomenon that brought profit and gave domestic workers job opportunities. Industrialization was one of the major aspects during the Industrial Revolution. It brought changes in organization of production, managerial oversight and relationship between employer and labourer had changed as well. Old relationship between master and his worker disappeared because now hundreds of workers were employed in the company. Because the industrialization was new for everybody, there were no experienced workers. Therefore everybody could learn and start...
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