...What is courage? According to Merriam- Webster, courage is the ability to do something that you know is difficult or dangerous (2014). As a leader, courage often takes on many roles from accepting responsibility for faults, Nonconformity, pushing beyond the comfort zone, asking for help, and fighting for what you believe. “Courage is an emotional strength that involves the exercise of will to accomplish goals in the face of opposition, external or internal” (Crossan, 2013). In the case study of Sycamore Pharmaceuticals Blake Lynch was faced with a decision to go against the grain and report dishonesty of the claims by the pharmaceutical company to the FDA.. I would advise John Blake to tell the truth and release the studies showing that Osteoporin has not been shown to actually help people with Crohn’s Disease and Lupus despite the claims. When dealing with medical claims I believe it is best to tell the truth. It is unethical to use false claims to push a product through to the FDA. People may be using their last dollar on medication that they believe will cure their disease. If we look at the other side and never reveal the truth to the FDA., at what time the truth surfaces that the medical claims were false. People and Doctors may loose faith in the FDA. . The false medical claims will also look poorly upon the pharmaceutical company. The consumer will loose their trust in the company and choose to use medication from a different company in the future. The courage...
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...SUBJECT : Values, Attitudes, and Behaviors CONDITION: Classroom environment STANDARD: 1. Define Values, Attitudes, Behaviors and Beliefs. 2. Explain the importance of beliefs, values and norms. 3. Explain the value system and the significance of the socialization process. 4. Explain Louis Rath’s seven value criteria. 5. Explain cognitive dissonance and ways to reduce it. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION: Instruction and Small Group Discussion TIME OF INSTRUCTION: 2 Hours LEAD IN: The Army is probably the largest and most diverse organization in the country with an ethnic and racial makeup most reflective of American society. Each individual brings a set of values and attitudes that have been cultivated over many years. Additionally, these values and attitudes are still being shaped and refined with each new experience. Many of you have strong memories about recent events in your lives, such as promotion, schooling, a new baby, or a transfer. These events and ones yet to come, serve to shape your values and attitudes for the future. However, values and attitudes do not automatically change just because someone puts on an Army uniform. Some values and attitudes, when coupled with a lack of awareness, or insensitivity about others that are different from ourselves, can produce confrontations, anger, and even violence. It is imperative all soldiers and civilian employees recognize and manage their differences so they do not interfere...
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...Another definition shows respect as a feeling or attitude of admiration and deference toward somebody or something. And disrespect is defined as the lack of respect. This does not explain completely what it is, but at least it gives us an idea about what it may be. As a matter of fact, there are many forms of respect. There is physical respect. Physical respect is shown through body language. The way you might move your arms and hands while talking to someone, or the way you might stand, and even your facial expressions. People have different definitions than others when it comes to respect, so when it comes to physical respect, you have to be careful on how you present yourself. In the army, when talking to an NCO, lower ranking soldiers should always stand at parade rest. This is part of the army standard. Another form of respect is mental or emotional respect. This is the way you perceive someone. Verbal respect is also a form of respect. This form is the one that is most abused. When a lower ranking soldier is speaking to an NCO, they should always be professional and respectful towards this person. And direct them with their proper title, such as sergeant, first sergeant, etc. I feel that respect should go both ways and if the soldier wants to be treated with respect by their chain of command, then the soldier should always treat their chain of command with respect as well. As I grow into my new life in the military, I am constantly learning there are different...
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...is part of a series which previews the new skills Amtrak’s leaders are developing as part of the Amtrak Leadership Development Excellence (ALDE), Part 1 program. Amtrak’s newest leadership development program ALDE, Part 1 uses the DiSC assessment to help our leaders improve productivity, teamwork and communication. Leadership styles may be described as: Dominance: Focus on results, the bottom line; Influence: Focus on influencing or persuading others; Steadiness: Focus on cooperation, sincerity, dependability; or Conscientiousness: Focus on quality and accuracy. DEFINITIONS Leader: A person who leads or commands a group, organization or a country. Leadership: The action of leading a group of people or an organization (guidance, control, direction, management). Leadership Traits (according to INC. Magazine) These are 9 Traits That Define Great Leadership: Many leaders are competent but few qualify as remarkable. 1. Awareness: Leaders understand the difference between managing a group and being a follower within that group. Once they accept this, it will form their image, their actions, and their communication. They will conduct themselves in a way that sets them apart from their peers--not in a manner that suggests they are better than others, but in a way that permits them to retain an objective perspective on everything that's going on in their organization. 2. Decisiveness: All leaders must make tough decisions, it goes with the job. They understand...
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...Groups are common in every society, usually when a person is in the same group they tend to think a like and have the same goals. When a group is established it is essential to find a leader for that particular group, they need someone to guide them. There are many different groups of society, the elite and the deprived. Each has their own leader, but they have to be in the same class as the rest. They have to fall in the same “neighborhood” as their people, “Therefore, to achieve what he can of that perfection, every man needs to stay in the neighborhood of others and associate with them... which is why he is called the social and political animal.” If they are in the same neighborhood or class as the people then the leader would know what the people go through. The people always know if the leader is doing a good job. A good leader leads the good and a bad leader leads the bad, even though, in their mind it seems as they are doing good. But no matter who they rule, they have the natural capacity to rule. Someone would have to be born with this ability to rule, and handle everything that comes with being a leader. This is what most rulers have in common. Like King Hammurabi, even though he was a very good leader, his laws were ridiculous. But people still considered him a good leader regardless of his laws in the code of Hammurabi. King Hammurabi brought order to his people and they appreciated that, they knew and they did not want to be a victim of karma. “Even if...
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...every man's heart and shapes his thought, though perhaps never present to his consciousness, would be gone from it, leaving it common earth and nothing more. Men might gather rich crops from it, but that ideal harvest of priceless associations would be reaped no longer; that fine virtue which sent up messages of courage and security from every sod of it would have evaporated beyond recall. We should be irrevocably cut off from our past, and be forced to splice the ragged ends of our lives upon whatever new conditions chance might leave dangling for us. We confess that we had our doubts at first whether the patriotism of our people were not too narrowly provincial to embrace the proportions of national peril. We felt an only too natural distrust of immense public meetings and enthusiastic cheers. That a reaction should follow the holiday enthusiasm with which the war was entered on, that it should follow soon, and that the slackening of public spirit should be proportionate to the previous over-tension, might well be foreseen by all who had studied human nature or history. Men acting gregariously are always in extremes; as they are one moment capable of higher courage, so they are liable, the next, to baser...
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...Chapter 1 (1) Instead of an individual’s status or title, it is his/ her Leadership Point of View (LPV) that determines a leader; furthermore, it will be too late for people to start building their LPV after they sit in leadership positions; (2) Different from points of view (POV) of a follower, a bureaucrat, an administer or a contrarian, the LPV requests an individual to be capable to see what needs to be done, to understand all the underlying forces at play in a situation, and to have the courage to initiate action to make things better; (3) To develop the leadership, the first thing that needs to be done is in yourself (“managing energy in yourself” or “self-leadership”). By constant studies, practices and active learning, people can obtain the capability to tell strategic stories; they can also attempt to overcome the fear of rejection (FoR) through balancing listening to others’ opinions and being confident of their owns. These points are recognized important due to the following notions. First, it breaks the stereotype that people’s views reply on their positions and manifests the possibility and necessity for juniors to build up their own LPV. Second, it offers critical procedures and guidelines on how to facilitate with the LPV for achieving effective leaderships. Moreover, it emphasizes the significance of self-leadership prior to motivating others. Comparing with motivating other, self-leadership, characterized by active study and self-cautious, is a more fundamental...
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...ethics comes from the Greek word “ethos” ,meaning : custom, a habitual way of acting character, a meaning that the Latin terms “mos” , “moris” also connote. Among the Greeks , “ethics” meant what concerns human conduct/human action. B. Descriptive: Largely a concern of cultural anthropologists and sociologists. Its task is to describe how some person, members of a culture or society address all sorts of moral issues, what customs they have, and so, how they are accustomed to behave. C. Met-ethics: Concerns itself with the meanings of moral terms: like good and bad, right and wrong, duties and rights, etc. Hence the concern is with the understanding of the use of these terms, their logical forms and the objects to which they refer. Sometimes the concern of meta-ethicist is even more fundamental: What is the possibility of moral philosophy. D. Normative: Ethics is normative, not in the way that logic is, namely. With regard to the correctness of our thinking, but with regard to the goodness of our living, the right orientation of our existence. It is a practical science, not simply because it treats human action, but also because it aims at guiding this. Moralists are not content to describe human conduct: they intend to judge and rectify it. They propose rules and give warning, they provide counsels and issue precepts, so as to make clear to men the path of right living and to help them walk upon it. E. Normative can be understood in two ways: 1. Teleological...
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...Ethical Leadership: Right Relationships and the Emotional Bottom Line The Gold Standard for Success by Desmond Berghofer and Geraldine Schwartz Fraud and falsification are highly destructive to market capitalism and, more broadly, to the underpinnings of our society…Our market system depends critically on trust. Trust in the word of our colleagues and trust in the word of those with whom we do business. Alan Greenspan (1) Former Federal Reserve Chairman Wisdom traditions that encompass the history of human civilization have right relationships as their core value. Each of these traditions enjoins their leaders and citizens to act with compassion and thoughtful tenderness towards others, which is the hallmark of the noblest spirit of our humanity. Trillions of acts of decency, respect and fair play have allowed societies to evolve from their primitive beginnings to conditions where the rule of law and a constitution of rights and privileges protect men and women in modern diverse democracies. Unfortunately, it is when hard won improvements to the common good go terribly wrong that we most notice them. This does not mean, however, that we should take rare incidents of wrong doing to be the description of society. Rather, we need to mine human wisdom for the gold standard across time in order to establish “best practices” for the future. In so doing we come to understand that we are social creatures, driven by our emotions whose life force flows into the spaces between...
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...SCHOOL OF BUSINESS LEADERSHIP STUDENT: NOZIZWE DAISY NYAMANE STUDENT NUMBER: 05153638 ASSIGNMENT: 02 LECTURER: PROF NICOLAIDES DUE DATE: 2 SEPTEMBER 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS NO | SUBJECT | PAGE | 1.1 | Morality of the actions of JPMorgan Chase &co. | 3 | 1.2 | Should the boss bear the blame | 5 | 1.3 | Elements of moral judgement | 8 | 1.4 | Where people get their values | 11 | | List of References | 14 | QUESTION 1.1 MORALITY OF THE ACTIONS OF JP MORGAN According to Buchholtz and Carroll (2012) moral management conforms to the highest standards of ethical behaviour or professional standards of conduct, motives, goals orientation towards the law and general operating strategy. Moral management pursues its objectives of profitability, legality, and ethics as both required and desirable. Moral management would not pursue profits at the expense of the law and sound ethics. The operating strategy of moral management is to live by sound ethical standards, seeking out only those economic opportunities that the organization or management can pursue within the confines of ethical boundaries. The organization assumes a leadership position when ethical dilemmas arise. The stakeholders at JPMorgan Chase & Co. case include executives at the bank, other employees, competitors to JP Morgan and those who have accounts, funds, stocks, etc. associated with the bank. The executives of JPMorgan Chase & Co. had one major interest in their positions i.e. to maximize profits...
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... Abstract Ethics and morals are used instead of each other in everyday life. However, there are some differences between these two expressions. Those who think that ethics is different than morals argue that ethics is more universal compared to morals. While moral is a national concept, ethics is considered to be a universal notion. It is observed that discussions on ethics in the public administration have been increasing in the world since 1970’s. Although corruption in the political-bureaucratic system has been considered to be a characteristic of underdeveloped countries, certain problems observed in the public administration sector of some western countries in 1970’s drew the attention of the public opinion and excited debates on ethics. The notion of ethics in the public administration as it is in the West has been drawing more attention in Turkey in recent years. The legislation regarding ethical infrastructure in the Turkish Public administration has been scattered until 2004. In this article, the developments of ethical issues are explained in legal framework and also, different approaches in military from different countries are compared. Comments are made on the differences and similarities of “codes of ethics” and “moral values”. Key Words: Business Ethics, Codes, Military, Morals, Public Administration. Introduction While ethical and moral are synonyms in most dictionaries, “ethics” and “morals” are differentiated by common...
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...TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS SARJA - SER. B OSA - TOM. 348 HUMANIORA Essays on Business and Leadership Ethics Tuomo Takala TURUN YLIOPISTO UNIVERSITY OF TURKU Turku 2012 ISBN 978-951-29-5010-2 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-5011-9 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6987 Painosalama Oy – Turku, Finland 2012 A note from the writer I was born in 1955 and am a professor of management and leadership at the University of Jyväskylä, with a solid academic track record. My main academic work has been research in the area of business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on my research I have written around a hundred publications, of which about fifty can be seen as scientifically significant, in one way or another. I started as a business leadership major at the University of Jyväskylä in 1977. General studies sparked my interest in philosophy, and in time I became more and more interested in it. I graduated as a Master of Economics in 1982, at which point I had already done Advanced studies in Philosophy. Nevertheless, I did my postgraduate studies in economics and began to study corporate societal responsibility in 1983. At the same time I continued my studies in philosophy and graduated as a M.Sc (Philosophy) in 1986, the same year when I finished my licentiate’s work on societal responsibility for the Business Studies program in the University of Jyväskylä (Ph.D in Economics 1991). At that time, I was already also interested...
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...Faith-Full Leadership, Ethics and Accountability: Using the work of Moses Pava to enforce the need for moral leadership and governance The general rationale of this paper is quite simple: moral leadership and moral governance matters. It has taken me the entire semester and the detailed reading of the book, Leading With Meaning: Using Covenantal Leadership to Build a Better Organization by Moses Pava (2003) to help me make the solid connection between operational (structural) governance and moral/ethical governance. If the reader of this paper is an enlightened, educated academic, this point may not have a significant impact. On the other hand, if the reader is a “typical” lay practitioner, the point of this paper, supported by evidence provided by Pava (and the other cited resources) might offer a deep and long lasting influence which could possibly change how the reader thinks and acts in matters related to organizational leadership and governance. I was able to make many connections between the Pava text and the Sison (2008) text that helped me better understand how Sison is interpreting Aristotle in today’s complex global business world. I have cited several of these cases to help the reader make a solid connection between structure, intent morality, ethics, accountability and corporate motives. I typically use colored “flags” to note important points and passages in a book I am reading for meaning. After reading the Pava (2003) text, I looked back and saw over fifty...
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...recorded human consciousness, the ethical discipline has exhibited four fundamental "approaches" These four approaches are often called "ethical decision-making frameworks:" Utilitarian Ethics (outcome based), Deontological Ethics (duty based), Virtue Ethics (virtue based) and Communitarian Ethics (community based). Each has a distinctive point of departure as well as distinctive ways of doing the fundamental ethical task of raising and answering questions of value. It is also important to understand that all four approaches have both overlaps and common elements. Some of the "common elements" of all four approaches are the following: · Impartiality: weighting interests equally · Rationality: backed by reasons a rational person would accept · Consistency: standards applied similarly to similar cases · Reversibility: standards that apply no matter who "makes" the rules These are, in a sense, the rules of the "ethics game", no matter which school or approach to ethics one feels the closest identity. The Utilitarian approach is perhaps the most familiar and easiest to understand of all the four approaches to ethics. Whether we think about it or not, most of us are doing utilitarian ethics a much of the time, especially those of us in business. The Utilitarians asks a very important question: "How will my actions affect others?" And they go on to attempt to "quantify"...
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...PHIL 127: History of Ancient Philosophy Socrates and His Mission When is a Question Philosophical? Philosophical questions have answers. (A question that has no answer is not a question; it just masquerades as one.) But a question is philosophical for a particular culture at a particular time when no means of answering it are available – or, none of the prevailing methods have any authority. A problem is a philosophical problem when the way to go about answering the question is in question. An issue is a philosophical issue when the right way to settle the issue is at issue. A Philosophical Crisis If the claims in the previous paragraph are true, then 5th century Greece was in a philosophical crisis. It was a crisis in morality. In our culture we think of morality as being concerned with rules. Here are some rules – You should not kill. – You should not steal. – Don’t hit people. – Lying is wrong. – It’s wrong to promise to do something and then not do it. – You should not covet your neighbors wife, or his ox or his ass or his male or female slave, or anything that is your neighbor’s. – You should not lie with a man as with a woman. – Thou should not wear fabric woven of wool one way and linen the other. – Do (imperative) unto others as you would have them do unto you. – Help (imperative) other people who are in need when you can do so at no great risk or cost to yourself. Why do we think of morality as consisting of rules? This question is important...
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