...Individual Courtroom Participation Individual Courtroom Participation The courts are filled with cases that depend on courtroom participation from key players to assure these cases will be prepared, presented, argued, ruled on and closed in the most effectively efficient way possible. The key players include the prosecutor who considers the charges, the defense lawyer who is selected to defend against these charges, a judge and jurors who are assigned to hear the case, victims and defendants who are having their sides of their story told for vindication or punishment. (Meyer, Grant 2003). A prosecuting attorney has the trusting responsibility of preparing and presenting cases on behalf of societies on federal and state levels. In these cases, society is the victim of the wrongdoing and the accusers are confronted by the governments ‘ministers of justice’ whose purpose is to ensure the guilty are punished for their crimes and the innocent are protected from unjustified prosecution. There are different types of prosecuting attorneys that are selected in a variety of ways. The U.S. Attorney General holds the highest ranking position of law enforcement in the country. Selected by the president of the United States, this position is confirmed by the senate. The Attorney General has no set term to serve and does so at the pleasure of the sitting president currently holding that office. Of the 94 federal judicial districts, an attorney general is appointed to each to...
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...Courtroom Participants’ Professional Standards In order for the legal system of the United States to work as intended by the constitution, it is vital for all participants of the legal system to their jobs in accordance with the law. From the bottom up, the police officers making arrests should not violate the rights of an individual or take law into their own hands. Any misconduct by the police will cause the public to loose trust in them. Then the prosecutors and defense attorneys must work in accordance with the law and make sure a defendant is given all the rights under the law and should not do anything to violate the rights of the individual. At the judicial level, the judges must keep personal feeling out of the courts and avoid any misconduct that might cause a reversal of the charges in appeal or cause the public to question and doubt the justice system. * * A man named Michael Wayne Hash was the victim of a prosecutorial misconduct case back in 2001. Michael was convicted of murdering a 74 year old grandmother. Michael was convicted of capital murder after prosecutors made deals with three other men that were tried and convicted of the same case. In this case, the prosecutors withheld or concealed evidence that could have freed Michael * of the charges against him. Prosecutors did not disclose to the defense council that the accusers against him failed polygraph exams and had made deals to testify against him. There was no DNA match to Michael from...
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...Courtroom Participants’ Professional Standards Name CJA 224 Date Professor When entering a courtroom the main common goal is to have a guilty or not guilty verdict. While being in the courtroom you can come across some participant that are in misconduct, which can have a serious consequence. Courtroom misconduct can go any where from making improper remarks or improperly introducing evidence designed to prejudice the jury. Prosecutorial misconduct violates court rules or ethical standards of law practice. Hiding, destroying or tampering with evidence, can also have serious consequence, which is taken very seriously in the courtrooms. If the prosecutorial fails to disclose evidence that might tend to exonerate the defendant, threatening, badgering or tampering with witness can also, lead to jail time. Acting in these action can lead to them being disbarred and fined. The due process control model and the crime control model in evaluating the judicial process. Prosecutors have a big responsibility within the criminal justice system. They act as the legal representatives of the government when cases are filed against people who violated the law. It is essential for prosecutors to ensure that the evidence is sufficient before they bring the case to the court. The standards set by Strickland v. Washington will also be clarified by describing it and its effect on courtroom cases. These guidelines and procedures cover rules in handling evidence, code of ethics...
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...Michelle del Rosario Effective Leadership & Management Class - Barbara Miller Individual Paper March 14, 2013 The Application of the SCARF Model on the 2011 Re-Organization of SF Court Reporters I. INTRODUCTION On Friday, September 30, 2011, the San Francisco Superior Court (SFSC) laid-off a total of sixty-seven (67) employees, including twenty-nine (29) Certified Court Reporters. The Court started the fiscal year of 2011-2012 with a $13.75 million budget deficit, and had initially mailed out two hundred (200) pink slips in July, representing 41% of it’s staff. Fortunately, austerity measures (such as extending mandatory furlough days, enforcing voluntary unpaid time off, reducing office hours, and closing civil courtrooms) and very aggressive negotiations with the Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) resulted in an additional $7.5 million that was used to salvage one hundred thirty-three (133) careers. September 30, 2011 was a devastating day to these sixty-seven (67) employees, and this paper will focus particularly on the effects of this re-organization on the emotions and reactions of the Court Reporters who were directly and indirectly affected. The SFSC website defines Court Reporters as “guardians of the record”. It is emphasized that not only are they Court employees, but they are also purveyors of transcripts for all interested parties. Their main job duties are providing legislated transcripts of criminal proceedings, and providing...
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...CAMERAS IN THE COURTROOM. Term Paper ID:19839 Get This Paper Free! or Buy This Paper Essay Subject: Right to fair trial vs. right of public to witness court proceedings & know what govt. is doing.... More... 7 Pages / 1575 Words 5 sources, 11 Citations, MLA Format $28.00 More Papers on This Topic Paper Abstract: Right to fair trial vs. right of public to witness court proceedings & know what govt. is doing. Paper Introduction: SHOULD CAMERAS BE ALLOWED IN THE COURTROOM? Introduction and Problem Statement Although the title of this research is broad, cameras, in the context of this paper, refers to television cameras. Courts in different jurisdictions in the United States impose differing restrictions on media coverage within courtrooms. Some jurisdictions do not allow cameras of any kind, requiring even the print media to employ artist sketches for any visual reporting of courtroom proceedings. Others permit the use of still cameras under controlled conditions. Few jurisdictions permit the unrestricted use of television cameras in courtrooms. Most jurisdictions that do permit television cameras in the courtroom do not permit continuous live coverage of the proceedings. Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while...
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...reality based television shows that depict the inner workings of a convicts mind and how the hero police officers, detectives, crime scene investigators and judges outwit, catch and then prosecute these lawbreakers. This exciting new fad has people watching these half hour shows and believing that they are entirely accurate. There are some television shows that use a great deal of fact in the creation of the show while other shows do not even come close. Since people have become enamored with courtroom based movies and television shows this has created a false sense of knowledge among common viewers that almost an entire nation believing that courtrooms consist of a defendant and a plaintiff (or a prosecuting attorney and a defense attorney) yelling back and forth at each other while a judge feverishly pounds his gavel on his podium in attempt to gain order in their courtroom. This is far from the way that an actual courtroom operates. Television shows will spark heated debate in a courtroom and solve each case in thirty minutes in order to collect ratings. According to Reality vs. Fantasy, “To...
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...Should Cameras Be Placed in Courtrooms So That Criminal Trials Can Be Televised? It is axiomatic in democracy that everyone has access to the justice system and has the right to know how those laws are enforced. This can be ensured by having trials in courtrooms televised. Whether to have cameras in courtrooms or not was a huge debate that began back in 1977 in Miami (May 2008). After a long debate higher court judges decided to allow trials to be televised in Miami. Those debates never ended because of different judges all over the world having different opinions. Personally speaking, cameras should be allowed in courtrooms so that criminal trials can be televised, to make it clear to people what circumstances they would face if they were to do anything illegal. In every country in the world laws are made in the parliament by the government in regards to the opinions of higher court judges. Many proceedings carried in the parliament are allowed to be televised so that citizens can know what the laws they should abide by are. The irony in televising parliament proceedings is that people are allowed to watch laws being made, but they cannot see how they are being enforced. If criminal trials are televised then people can know how those laws are being enforced and would be more cautious by restraining themselves from breaking the law. This is because they would know what the circumstances of their actions are, thanks to the televised criminal trials. In the United States...
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...sensitive issue. There are no visual aids and no body language during the time that the survey is taken. The qualitative survey is done by holding focus groups and one-on-one interviews. In focus groups, people can exchange ideas but peer pressure may affect the answers of each individual. One-on-one interviews has no peer pressure influence but costs quite a lot and takes a lot more time to gather data. The field study group decided to conduct the research by holding focus groups. Eleven focus groups are picked from five neighborhoods in Boston. The field study group found out that storytelling is more relatable than celebrities advertise for anti-drugs. Participants also mentioned that they are most influenced by family members. With the time and budget constraints, the field study group did well in screening the participants for the focus groups. They also made use of the community centers which is a great place to find children and teenagers. However, they could not pick a focus group from each...
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...provide a series of ‘snippets’ of information that should broaden and deepen students’ knowledge of this subject area. This document is designed primarily to extend students’ learning and should be completed in conjunction with other course material such as textbooks. Students should click on the links and answer the questions, expanding the boxes as they go. |Participant observation, grounded theory and action research | | | |Click on the Wikipedia entry for participant observation: | |http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participant_observation | | | |What is participant observation? | | | | ...
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...manipulates an aspect of the environment in order to assess the effect it has on the participants’ behavior. Experiments can take the form of lab experiments (done in a controlled environment), filed experiments (done in a natural setting but still observe the IV and DV) and natural experiment (done in a natural setting and the researcher waits for the IV and DV occur). Positivists favor primary data and they want to use quantitative to test their theories, whereas interprevists prefer qualitative data to find meanings that people attach to the world. Sociologists are unlikely to use experiments because have practical limitations, such as being expensive, time consuming and difficult to conduct. Society is too complex to fit in a laboratory so experiments are not relevant to the study of human behavior. Therefore for practical considerations are an important reason why they are not often used by sociologists. However, they have some practical strength. As they use a methodology that mirrors the natural sciences. Hypotheses can be created and variable isolated in order to establish causes and effect relationships e.g. in bandura’s experiment the hypotheses ‘violent imagery causes violent behavior’. Was used to isolate variable and establish that exposure to violent imagery (causes) led to more violent behavior. Experiments tend to be unethical as by their nature they manipulate participants under certain conditions for them to work. Most lack informed consent because if people...
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...Sociology A) A fixed list of categories based on characteristic/ behaviours, often ticked at regular time intervals by the observer. B) –Unlike non-participant observation, participant observation ensures that there is next to no room for the researcher to take a subjective opinion when recording observations, meaning they will probably be more accurate, and true to life. C) Informed consent is unlikely to have been achieved if no one knows that they are being observed, this is not good because they do not know what the observation entails, so it is impossible for them to give their consent. Hand in hand with this is deception, if the observation is being carried out without the participants knowing, then the observer is lying to them about who they are if it is participant observation, or have left them completely in the dark if it is non participant observation, either way the participant is not aware of what is actually happening, as a direct response to the observers’ actions. D) Overt observation is where the group being observed is fully aware that they are being studied; whereas in a covert observation the research group is unaware that they are being studied. One practical issue with using an overt observation is gaining access to particular groups to research. For example, if the group the observer wishes to study is involved in illegal activities or is some sort of gang, i.e. football hooligans/ Patrick gang study, then they may refuse to be studied if asked...
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...Many sociologists argue that theoretical issues are the most important factors to affect choice of method. Theoretical issues refer to what we think society is like and if we can obtain an accurate and truthful picture of it. There are four different concerns regarding theoretical issues which influence sociologist’s choice of research methods. Validity is a method that gives a true or genuine picture of what something is really like, which helps the researcher easily find out the truth. Sociologists argue that the use of qualitative methods such as Participant Observation gives a more valid, truthful account as it provides us with a deeper insight through firsthand experience. The next issue that influences sociologist’s choice is reliability which comes from Latin, replica meaning an exact copy of something. This results in the method being able to be repeated and creates a less bias and more accurate research again and again. Quantitative methods such as written questionnaires can be used as they are more reliable results than qualitative methods such as unstructured interviews. Another theoretical issue is representativeness which refers to how much of the characteristics you are looking for is represented by the people being studied. For example if a sociologist is researching single parent homes, you will not interview nuclear families, because they are not representing the variables they are looking for. Similarly if someone is investigating delinquency, they will not...
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...Qualitative Research Article Critique Marianne Green Grand Canyon University Introduction to Nursing Research NRS 433V July 21, 2012 Qualitative Research Article Critique Deciding to proceed with a surgical procedure is not always easy to achieve. Financial concerns are considered due to the time off of work that is necessary for the recovery process. Reduction in income due to surgical procedures can place a hardship on society as well as the patient. The following paper is a critique of a qualitative research article published in 2010 by BMC Gastroenterology titled “Assessing factors influencing return back to work after cholecystectomy” (Keus, De Vries, Gooszen, & Van Laarhoven, 2010). Problem Statement For the past one-hundred years open cholecystectomy (OC) was considered a safe surgical standardized procedure. Then in the 1970’s came the small incision cholecystectomy (SIC) which had a significant decrease in post-operative complications. Before the SIC could really gain popularity, came the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The LC procedure soon gained immense popularity and became the surgery of choice. However, both SIC and LC procedures are preferred because they typically require less hospital stay and quicker return to work times (Keus et al., 2010). This study was conducted due to the increase in financial burden on society due to the increase in indirect costs associated with the employee’s sick leave. The clinical problem is the extended...
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...Measuring Customer Satisfaction Week 3: Paper Submitted by: Rich De Guzman rich.deguzman32@gmail.com BSOP 588: Managing Quality Instructor: Richard Sheng September 22, 2013 Introduction Being able to provide the best customer satisfaction should be the basis for a company and their vision to succeed. Good customer satisfaction can result in confidence in the company’s products and services however; great customer satisfaction can result in more and new sales or volume. Many companies use different metrics and methods to measure customer satisfaction. This paper will explore a few measures that I have researched and how it correlates to my company or company I used to work for in addition to some recommendations. Identification of best practices One of the most commonly used methods to measure customer satisfaction is by conducting a survey. According to TechRupublic, a survey “allows you to quantify the subjective perceptions of the clients by asking them to convert their perceptions into a numerical rating. The ratings then help the project team better understand how they performed” (TechRadar, 2007). I agree in that surveys do a good job of gathering information so that companies can gain knowledge on how to act and improve their overall customer satisfaction. There are many survey methods out there such as internal and external surveys. This can be deployed in a wide range such as a multiple choice or short answer structure. Many I have seen are surveys...
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...of observation. Firstly, we can distinguish between non-participant observation and participant observation. Non-participant observation involves the researcher simply observing the group or event without taking part in it. Participant observation involves the researcher actually taking part in the event or everyday life of the group while observing it. Secondly, we can distinguish between overt observation and covert observation. Overt observations refer to the researcher being open about their intentions in the field and ensuring all members of the social group are aware of what is happening. Covert observations involve the researcher not informing members of the group the reason for their presence; keeping their true intentions secret. In this essay I am going to focus mainly on overt observation. Firstly, I am going to focus on the practical advantages of overt observation. Overt participant observation may give access to groups who could not be studied covertly because the researcher does not have the same characteristics as the group. Overt participant observation makes it possible to gain access to groups where the researcher does not have the usual qualifications for entry such as being the right age, gender or ethnicity. The fact the researcher is involved with the group they are studying in an open way means it is relatively easy to generate and record data, especially in comparison with covert participant observation where the fact of being in the group secretly...
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