...The End of Everything First seen in Brazil in the 90s, crack is a white or yellow rock made of a mix of cocaine and sodium bicarbonate. As smokable cocaine form, crack received this name because of the sound produced when the users smoked the rocks: crack, crack, crack. Crack absorption happens in the lungs, and a few minutes after, it affects the brain. Its power in the brain leads the users to experience moments of euphoria, pleasure, sense of power, and self-confidence. However, those effects are not long enough inducing individuals to look for more drug, a condition called craving. Easy access and low prices have increased crack use in Brazil, and currently crack addiction has become a public health problem. In 2005, 0.7% of Brazilians...
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...The Sociological framework that best describes the popularized term “crack baby” is Symbolic Interactionism because it deals with the way we label one another. The videoclip provides viewers how Dr. Chasnoff studies released the “crack baby” propaganda on society. Dr. Chasnoff research revealed, that babies born to cocaine users suffered from various birth defects, jitters, mental retardation and at risk for SIDS. Furthermore, proclaimed that these babies would be costly and swamp the social service system. This created a frenzy in society, that led to the term “crack baby” and led various prosecution of pregnant cocaine users. These women were being charged with child abuse and labeled as killers and drug dealers. The media went wild and...
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...The American Crack Epidemic: How the War on Drugs was as Detrimental to Society as Drugs Themselves. Lucas Carneiro U.S. History 4/21/2013 Throughout the mid-20th century, Americans have experimented with illicit drugs, from marijuana to LSD. In the late 70s and early 80s, the high cost of cocaine made it the drug of choice for wealthy, elite, White Americans. On the other side of the social spectrum, lower-class African Americans sought an escape from their difficult circumstances in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods. They found refuge in crack, a smokeable form of cocaine, whose low production cost, high addictiveness, and debilitating nature made it the drug of choice for urban African American communities in 1986 (Reinarman, 1997; Watkins, 1998; Fullilove, 1998). The drug contributed to the increase in disease, violence, and poverty in these communities, turning inner-city neighborhoods into “war zones”. The U.S. Government’s War on Drugs campaign did little to solve this crisis, using aggressive, military tactics to address an epidemic surrounded by socioeconomic and health issues. In the 1960s, the Vietnam conflict among several unpopular moves by the U.S. government created a generation of rebellious, young Americans. This generation experimented with drugs in order to alter their state of mind, and to escape from the problems that came with politics and society. The generation of young “hippies” ignited a drug culture in the U.S. As time progressed, people...
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...purified form of powder cocaine, was also used throughout the 1970s, although it enjoyed much less popularity. As with powder cocaine, the users of freebase tended to be rich, middle class and white. Freebase was produced by “cooking” powder cocaine in a number of steps, one of which included ether, a highly combustible liquid. The resulting process was extremely pure, but never became particularly widespread due to the tricky process to make it and the danger of fire and explosion. The simplicity of making crack was a major factor that led to crystallized cocaine becoming more widespread in the 1980s. Powder cocaine use declined in popularity in the middle class in the 1980s. Cocaine supply also increased, reducing the price. Crack provided an intense high very quickly for $5 or $10. For sellers, crack was a lucrative product – easy to make and desired by a huge consumer base for whom powder cocaine had previously been inaccessibly expensive. The association of crack with poor, urban areas where it was sold, and the violence connected with...
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...Dr. Fixit Crack-X Paste READY TO USE CRACK FILLER FOR INTERNAL & EXTERNAL SURFACE CRACKS IN PLASTER Description Dr. Fixit Crack-X Paste is composed of high quality weather durable acrylic emulsion polymer, properly selected graded fillers, light fast pigment& additives. It isa single pack, ready to use flexible putty for filling the cracks in plastered surfaces because it has excellent bonding, ease of application, water resistance, aesthetic appearance & durability. Specification Meets the requirements of ASTM C 834 – 91 standard. Areas of Application Internal & external Plastered brick masonry wall cracks of upto 5mm width. Features & Benefits Consistency - Paste form, without sagging. Ease of application – Easy to apply by putty knife similar to conventional putties. Flexibility - Flexible, therefore does not crack & accommodates minor movements in cracks. VOC - Water based with very low voc hence eco-friendly. Application advantage - Can be applied on damp surfaces but not on cracks with running water. Paint ability - Over coatable by any type of polymer based paints, after 24 hours. Staining - Non-staining. Bonding - Excellent adhesion with cementitious surface. Durability – Excellent resistance to UV & atmospheric conditions. Tinting ability - It can be tinted using water-based stainers. Toxicity - Non toxic & harmless to hands. Method of Application 1 S U R FAC E P R E PA R ATI O N Surface must be free from dust, oil, grease, and loose particles...
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...hot, sweaty, and tired. 10. The feeling of euphoria when you receive the “A” on the exam you put so much effort into. 11. Sitting on the beach with the refreshing mist providing a reprieve from the warmth. 12. A golden retriever curled up, warming by the fire. 13. Driving through a New England forest in the fall, looking at the changing leaves creating a multi-colored landscape. 14. When at the top of the roller coaster with your stomach about to drop and adrenaline overcomes your body. 15. Standing with 500,000 overjoyed fans on tight sidewalks watching two ecstatic teams parade down the middle of the street. 16. Watching a space shuttle launch and thinking how as humans we were able to accomplish such an incredible goal. 17. The crack of a baseball hitting at...
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...On November 7, a schizophrenic subway rider shoved a 49-year-old woman into the tracks of an oncoming train; sending her to her death. In what is the first lethal push in a subway since 2014, the victim and another woman were seen arguing on the platform seconds before the bizarre incident. The other woman had once claimed to have pushed a 27-year-old woman to her death almost a month earlier. Police took the woman responsible for the second-degree murder into custody. A schizophrenic subway rider, who previously claimed to have pushed someone in the way of a train, pushed a woman onto the tracks of an oncoming train. Nevertheless, Police are still trying to determine whether Melanie Liverpool-Turner had anything to do with the death of a...
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...INTRODUCTION Buildings come in various types and shapes, frequently determined by their functions. Unfortunately, there are many types of building defect that may occur in most of the building. Building defect is one of the major components of building that needed attention. Building defect refer to the results in a failure of a component part of a building or structure and causes damage to person or property, usually resulting in financial harm to the owner. Building defect will also reduce the value and the function of a building. There are many types of building defect such as cracking, dampness, spalling, peeling paint, insect or termite attack, corrosion, fungus stain and so on. These building defect can affect the performance and the appearance of the building. Building defect can occur either because of poor design, or low quality workmanship, or because the building was not constructed according to the design, or use of inferior materials. When a building facing defects, the causes of that defect have to identified before any remedial work can be undertaken to remedial it. Therefore, we are required to investigate the building defect of a building. We also have to identify the possible cause of the building defect which occur in that building. We have choose the building of Guest House to make our case study and survey. This building is located at Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang. Guest House is one of the famous hospitality choices for USM visitors...
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...In 80s and 90s the crack epidemic took over the ghetto world and played a big role in developing hip hop music. Black Americans even sung about it in their songs. Drug dealers distributed crack in black neighborhoods and got them involved into that business. For African Americans it was a way to earn money and get out of ghetto. Especially back then when they were discriminated. So, the crack epidemic and hip hop back in 80s and 90s went hand in hand. It was very interesting to read the "Dark Alliance". I found out a lot of interesting staff of which I didn't know before. Of course, not every black american was involved in drug distribution and consumption. There were the ones who worked hard to pursue their dreams; however, there were more people who consumed and distributed than those who didn't. Rappers raped about it in their songs. The song "White Lines" describes how at parties MC and other party people consumed it. MC also tells us about his feelings and illusions he had. Once, people get involved into the crack epidemic, it is hard to stop. Also in the song, MC tells that every time you want it more and more. So, the dosage increases and money decreases. Some still suffer from the crack epidemic. People who used to party and play cool are now addicts who just think about getting drugs. The Crack Epidemic brought violence and sickness. People on crack are not stable and can think straight. As a consequence they are more violent and uncontrollable. People also become sick...
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...Crack the whip Recently I don't know if it's just me or not, but I've noticed that everywhere I go there happens to be a child that is throwing a fit, crying or even scream at their parents. Generally it seems to be the subject they're not getting what they want that day at that moment. And it doesn't bother me that it's happening, the thing that bothers me is that parents give in to their child's or children's demand and walks them back into Walmart, Toys R Us, Target or whatever store that I happen to be at that day and them whatever it is that they want. It's kind of sad to see that today's kids lack discipline and that parents don't do anything about it beside turn. Kids today are spoiled and parents are not doing what is necessary to fix. As I said last kids are spoiled, at least kinds where I live are spoiled. I believe it starts with the parents. Parents who don't feel like standing their ground because their kids happen to throw a tantrum, cry, and complain at them. Parents have become pushovers and cave in at the signs that their children might become upset or cause a scene. The parents have I believe gotten lazy when it comes to keeping their kids in line or so self-absorb they care more about their image and how their children are acting. Parent who believe that they can buy their children's affection by giving them everything they want. Are just as bad those parents are just trying to fill a void that they have made with material items saying yes to everything...
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...Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1ST PERIOD It was during the mid-1980s that the emergence of a new smokable form of cocaine, called crack, had been introduced to the United States just about everyone was doing it. Some did it when they were pregnant, which had effects on the child and their learning abilities. The effect on the crack epidemic in the 80s helped the youth of today, to make better choices in life concerning this addictive drug. Crack, was highly-addictive and swept through plenty areas of cities such as New York, Los Angeles, Oakland, and Miami. In the end it caused devastating effects for black and Latino Americans. As crack cocaine was becoming popular and rising epidemic, hip hop was evolving alongside it. It was in the 1980s that crack cocaine and hip hop became the two leading fundamentals of urban street culture. It is not suggested that hip hop caused the crack epidemic, or vice versa. But, it can be argued that both fed off each other, particularly hip hop off the crack culture itself. Crack cocaine quickly gained popularity among users in the 1980s due to its cheap cost, and the quick, intense high it left. Compared to freebase cocaine, which involved a complicated ritual involving Ether, crack cocaine had become simplistic and easier to manage. The drug was “made from powder cocaine, it was safer to make than freebase cocaine”. As crack and dope became parts of our neighborhoods, they started to have an impression on our culture through music and television...
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...Phil Chu AMS/WMS 139 11/2/11 Reading Response #2–Biopolitics: Population, Intersectionality and Reproductive Justice In 1996, the Personal Responsibility Act “reformed welfare” when it created the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program (Mink 196). The most significant aspect of these reforms was the fact that welfare was now designed not only to help impoverished families, specifically children, but also to “promote marriage, reduce out-of-wedlock births, and to ‘encourage the formation and maintenance of two-parent families’”(196). The Adoption Promotion Act, passed in the same year, called for “the removal of barriers to interethnic adoption,” which Ana Teresa Ortiz and Laura Briggs argue was meant to “put the children of welfare mothers . . . into white adoptive homes” (203). These two changes in welfare policy marked a significant increase in the amount of biopower wielded by the state. The importance of the health and development of children within a society had been recognized early in the 20th century when particular emphasis began to be placed on “the value of a healthy and numerous population as a national resource”(Davin 161). However, the changes in welfare policy that were enacted in the 90’s went a step beyond mere protection of children, but in order to understand this significance it is necessary to look at it within the context of American biopolitics as a whole. The term “biopolitics”–which evolved from 18th century discourses about the idea...
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...neighborhood. They noticed a parked car with two people inside (a driver and a passenger). The officers saw a young woman leaning into the passenger's window and handing the passenger an object, which they could not identify. At this point they approached the car and the woman began to walk away. One of the officers noticed the passenger making a shoving down motion, leading the officer to believe that the passenger might be armed. The officer drew his gun and shouted "let me see your hands." After making more shoving down motions, the passenger complied. The officer reached into the car and touched a bulge in the passenger's pocket. He felt large, hard objects which he believed to be rocks of crack cocaine. He then removed a plastic bag from the pocket. It contained several rocks of crack cocaine that, together with another rock found in the passenger's clothing, totaled almost 100 grams. The passenger was arrested, but the driver and the woman standing outside it were not. Should the passenger's motion to suppress the seized evidence be granted? On a routine patrol, an officer noticed a parked car. Two people were inside, and they were in a high crime area near a bar that was known for gang activity. In the past, the officer had responded to calls from the bar for everything from murder to public intoxication. The officer testified that he stopped to see if the individuals were committing a crime, lived in the area, or had some other concern. When the officer pulled behind...
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...Crime is defined as the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law. I am interested in addressing crime because of the way it impacts my hometown particularly the African American communities. Currently Richmond is central Virginia's most dangerous place in terms of violent offenses per capita. Richmond recorded 7 violent offenses per 1,000 residents in 2011. It is not only violent crimes that plague these communities it is also street crimes such as stealing and drug dealing. Robert Merton's strain theory referred to this as innovation; created by society's importance on wealth and the lack of opportunities to get it. The text book points out the role gender and race plays in crime. 81.8 percent of arrest for violent crimes are men and 39 percent of arrest of violent crimes are African Americans. These statistics are partially a by-product of racial profiling and prejudice that leads police to be overzealous in arresting black people and being prime suspects of crime by white people in general. Not to mention blacks are six times more likely to be murdered than white people. So it is easy to see why more than two-thirds of African American children are born to single mothers because a vast number of black men are either dead or in jail. As a result of these conditions one-third of African American children grow up in poverty which increases the likelihood of street crime becoming more appealing to them. With violence in the communities spilling over into neighboring...
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...bodybuilding before the dangers of steroid use were fully known. If Jerry gets the heart, his chances of living another 10-15 years are very high. The second is a 12 year old girl named Lisa. She is the only child in the family, and they cannot bear more children. She reads voraciously and yet likes playing with her Barbie Dolls. Lisa has suffered health issues all her life due to various viral infections and a lupus-like immune deficiency. Her heart was damaged during a nasty bout with pneumonia last year and actually stopped for a brief period. Even with a transplant, her chances of surviving into her 20’s are not good. Finally we have a 38 year old male named Ozzy who is homeless and a former crack cocaine abuser. His heart condition is due to continued abuse and overdosing of crack cocaine and without a transplant he will not live out the month. Ozzy has no family and has lived homeless and in shelters for at least 10 years. He was brought to the Hospital through the work of a local charity that assists such men...
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