In this paper I have compared the modernistic and the conservative point of views, signifying the importance of both and highlighting the events that lead to the creation of Pakistan. My aim is to critically analyze the different interpretations of important events that lead to the creation of Pakistan provided by authors of both schools of thought.
The premise that Muslims and Hindus are two different nations, the point that lead to The Two Nation Theory, and that there has always been a general discontent between them can neither be dated back to Emperor Aurangzeb era, (Sayeed, 1969) nor to the British regime for their policy of divide and rule (Alvi, 2002), rather seeing it logically, throughout the course of history Hindus have seen Muslims as outsiders and invaders, as history has seen that first the Lodhi dynasty and then the Mughal dynasty invaded and then ruled India. Similarly, Muslims based on their faith, had always treated Hindus as infidels, but having said so, it seems that over a period of time both communities had somehow carved out a way to live together in the social setting of India and created an amalgam of Muslims and Hindu culture. This is evident from many rituals common in both even today, for example the marriage ceremony practiced by Indian Muslims. So conflict and concord were running in parallel between the two communities and even to this day, there are many events of communal riots in India between Muslim and Hindus simultaneous with frequent events of unity. This fact leads to an argument that if these two things have been and still are parallel to each other then what was the point in creating a separate country, if the conflicts were so strong and that it was impossible for Muslims to live with Hindus then India should have seen another partition as there are still approximately twenty million Muslims in India, more than the