...Klerk University of Stellenbosch Tertiary institutions internationally are faced with the question of how to determine prospective students' real academic potential. This is particularly true for South African institutions where many students had inferior (poor and inadequate) schooling.Furthermore, conventional measures of abilities and achievement are orientated primarily toward assessing memory skills, and secondarily, toward assessing analytical skills. They rarely tap creative or practical skills in any meaningful way. However, prospective students from alternative backgrounds may have developed creative and practical skills to a greater extent than they have developed analytical ones. Particularly if their upbringing has been under difficult circumstances, being creative has become a prerequisite for survival. Conventional assessments of intelligence are not relevant in a multicultural context and fail to include other integral parts of intelligence in order to represent the whole of intelligence.( Thus, it is incumbent on researchers to develop broader predictive frameworks that take into account the diversity of skills likely to be found in populations.This paper describes the design and implementation of such a broader predictive framework at the University of Stellenbosch (South Africa), based on the Triarchic Theory of Intellectual Abilities (Sternberg, 1985, 1996) and the Theory of Mental Self-Government (1997a). The hypothesis of this underlying research is that...
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...Arizona, USA creativity, intelligence, and problem solving: a defmition and design for cross-cultural research and measurement related to giftedness Abstract A new definition of giftedness is proposed based on a review of the constructs of intelligence, creativity, and problem solving. A research design employed in a series of studi~s of giftedness in children and adults is presented, along w1th a summary of important results. Finally, implications of the design for both research and practice are outlined. Intelligence A central concept in many theories and definitions of intelligence is solving problems or adaptation to one's environment. Although the phrase "problem solving" is not always found, the concept of "adaptation" or "ability to adapt", a central concept in many definitions (Binet & Simon, 1909 (cited in Terman, 1916); Boynton, 1933; Colvin, 1921; French, 1962; Piaget, 1981; Pintner, 1921; Stern, 1914; Wechsler, 1941 ), implies that individuals encounter situations (problems) to which they must devise ways of reacting. Thus, they are solving problems. Later theorists and researchers revised these general concepts of "adaptation" by adding the idea of adapting to the cultural as well as the biological environment (Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition, 1982_; Goodnow, 1976; Charlesworth, 1976; Olson, 1976; Ne1sser, 1976; Gardner, 1983). In an introduction to an edited book on conceptions of intelligences, Sternberg & Salter (1982) ...
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...Service Innovation Proposal Abstract When a company’s main business focus is service and clients, service innovation becomes vital to the success of the company’s lifeline. The company can use an approach such as the one in the proposal, Innovation Business Design Model (IBDM), to create a 5-step roadmap (University of Phoenix, 2009) when applying the steps to create a service innovation proposal. The following proposal provides a definition of what service means to a company, a description of how a company such as Intelligent Office uses the roadmap for service innovation to assist with the company’s business needs, along with an explanation of how Intelligent Office uses unique nuances of service innovative to the IBDM. Service Innovation Proposal Service can be described as performing a type of work, duty, or labor for a superior, manager, or a client and receive compensation for the work performed. Service can be provided by any industry such as medical, bereavement, technical, hospitality, telecommunications, charities, retail stores, financial institutions, and public utilities. Much of service innovation in today’s businesses revolves around online services and e-business. However, some companies can combine brick and mortar and the Internet to accomplish a goal of providing service for customers. For a company to use service innovation, situational assessments and market analysis through flowcharts, graphs, interviews, surveys, trends, cultural awareness, and...
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...sound education” Individuals have a different perception to what a sound education is. Some believe that by completing the standard education is sufficient, whilst others believe that a higher education is required. How a person acquires their education is down to their natural abilities, past experiences, style of learning and the development of the necessary learning skills. As a student, using all the above will allow them to learn to the standard they require to acquire their sound education. Everyone has their own level of “intelligence quotation or IQ” according to Shearman (1927) and Truman (1916). They believed that if a person was born with a high intelligence it would stand them in good stead throughout their life, passing one test would generally mean going on to pass subsequent tests, compared to a person born with a low “IQ”. MacIntosh and Maisie-Taylor (1985) believed differently in that these type of intelligence tests were not an accurate indication to a persons’ potential but merely a “snap-shot” of a persons’ experience and learning up to that moment”. During our life we obtain information in different ways, consciously whilst studying, being aware we are learning and unconsciously, being unaware we have learnt something until it crops up and we know the answer, not knowing how but we “just know” it. Saul McLeod (2009) wrote about the psychologist Jean Piaget who studied the “intellectual development of children”. Through his observations “he...
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...approaches to personality. Which personality trait best describes you and why? Openness to experience describes a type of cognitive style that separates imaginative, creative people from down to earth, conventional people. Open people are intellectually curious, appreciative of art and sensitive to beauty. They are, in comparison to other people, more aware of their emotions. They think and act in individualistic, unconventional, and nonconforming ways which generally does not get much approval. They are adventurous and creative. Conscientiousness is the act to follow socially prescribed norms for impulse control, to be task- and- goal directed, to be painfully delay gratification, and follow strict norms and rules. Extraversion, on the other hand, deals with outgoing, energetic vs. shy, reserved, positive emotions, and the tendency to seek attention in the company of others. Agreeableness has something to do with being friendly compassionate or competitive, outspoken. It is the tendency to be loving and cooperative rather than doubtful and antagonistic toward others. Neuroticism- sensitive, nervous, secure, confident, and a tendency to experience unpleasant emotions, such as anger, anxiety, depression, or vulnerability should be best described by Openness to experience because I am very adventurous and has a very creative imagination. • Refer to p. 351–352 of Psychology and Your Life. What is self-efficacy? How does this affect your educational goals and...
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...whether or not the human race will be able to withstand extinction. The parameters of human intelligence can be used to define and determine the possibility of this outcome. Humans are believed to have the title of being the most dominant and intelligent species on the face of the Earth, but there is much competition for that title today and arguments arise within the scientific community. Humans believe that they are separated from all other species based on the concept of intelligence and how they have used intelligence to their advantage to create language, technology and many other things to ultimately establish themselves as a successful species. In order to actually prove that humans rightfully deserve that title, one must delve into the debate of intelligence to clarify the meaning and understanding of intelligence. This will provide evidence to the argument on whether or not the human species will be viable in the long-term. In the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, intelligence is defined as the ability to collect and apply certain knowledge and information from the external environment to different situations1. Although this is a brief and vague definition, certain scientists such as Howard Gardner postulates that intelligence is a complex topic because humans have the ability to use a wide range of different intelligences in life. This is known as the theory of multiple intelligences, for example someone being able to learn a language and not being able to...
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...Homework Assignment Week 3 Critical and Creative Thinking Questions—Page 169 2. What are some examples of ways in which observational learning has benefited you in your life? Are there instances in which observational learning has worked to your disadvantage? Our book defines observational learning as learning new behavior or information by watching others. Some examples of ways in which observation learning has benefited me in my life are cooking, parenting, and work ethic. Watching my mother cook when I was little made me want to learn how and that’s how I now have the ability to cook meals for my own family without assistance. Parenting was another thing that I got from my mother; she was a single mother and was still able to provide for her two children without male figure in the picture. She was both a father and mother and I try to be that same parent with my children because of her. Work ethic is something else that I got from watching my sister and mother. They were always very dedicated, responsible, and punctual to their jobs and that’s how I am now. Observational learning can work to your disadvantage; it all just depends on the what, for example, driving. Growing up my mother and sister never used to wear their seatbelts therefore when it was time for me drive, I never wore my seatbelt. Very soon, I learned that I should my seatbelt if I didn’t want to get ticketed every time I was caught. Now, I don’t go anywhere without wearing my seatbelt and neither does...
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...will tend to act in different situations. Behavior: Leadership behaviors are a function of intelligence, personality traits, emotional intelligence values, attitudes, interests, knowledge, and experience. Leader behavior reflects an interaction between personality traits and various situational factors. Over time, leaders learn and discern the most appropriate and effective behaviors. Individual difference and situational variables play a pivotal role in a leader’s behavior. Changing behavior, especially long-standing patterns of behavior, can be quite difficult. Learning how to change one’s own behavior and others’ behaviors is a key leadership skill. Knowing how to change and modify followers’ behaviors so that it helps the followers and the organization’s success is very important. Behaviors are thought to be more malleable than traits, thus they can be taught to managers to increase their leadership abilities and effectiveness (Norris, 2000). Intelligence: Intelligence is an umbrella term describing a property of the mind including related abilities, such as the capacities for abstract thought, understanding, communication, reasoning, learning, learning from the experience, planning, and problem solving (Wikipedia, 2010). Intelligence is susceptible to modification through the manipulation of environment. Understanding intelligence is divided into three components: Intelligence Benefit...
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...Meeting the needs of gifted learners poses a challenge for most educators, thus gifted leaners need to be identified and nurtured for the benefit of gifted learners, educators and the community at large. This essay is going to examine 3 blanket characteristics of a gifted learner and suggest strategies to enhance giftedness in teaching and learning process. Eric (1985) groups characteristics of gifted learners into general behavioural, learning and creative features. A variety of approaches can be used to meet the needs of gifted learners in the classroom. The teacher or educator has the following our areas when developing the curriculum: * The content of the curriculum subject * The processes that engage the students * The products of their studies * The learning environment Definition of terms Giftedness Definition 1: Giftedness is ‘a synchronous development’ in which advanced cognitive abilities and heightened intensity combine to create inner experiences and awareness that are qualitatively different from the norm. This asynchrony increases with higher intellectual capacity. The uniqueness of the gifted renders them particularly vulnerable and requires modifications in parenting, teaching and counselling in order for them to develop optically (Columbus Group, 1991) Definition 2: Giftedness is the possession and use of untrained and spontaneously expressed natural abilities (called aptitudes or gifts) in at least one ability domain to a degree that places...
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...The theory of multiple intelligences is a theory of intelligence that breaks down how each person learns information in the best ways for them. Basically saying that each person learns differently and can retain knowledge better if they are learning something one way instead of another. The different multiple intelligences are visual/spatial, body/kinesthetic, verbal/linguistic, interpersonal, musical/rhythm, intrapersonal, logical/mathematical, and naturalistic. As you can probably tell by the titles, there is a wide array of different learning styles ranging from someone that is a very outgoing people person like interpersonal, or someone that would prefer to study and work alone like intrapersonal. My top three multiple intelligences were classified after taking the questionnaire as Intrapersonal, Logical/Mathematical, and Body/Kinesthetic. My first multiple intelligence is Intrapersonal, which is someone that understands oneself, aware of their strengths and weaknesses, and prefers to study alone. I use this learning style very often with school because I prefer to study in a room by myself with no outside noise. I also use this very often at work because I seem to get work done if I am working by myself. I seem to be able to concentrate better when I am by myself rather than working with someone and getting distracted by conversation. My second multiple intelligence is Logical/Mathematical which can be classified as someone that is very calculating, likes to solve...
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...The philosophers tell us that art consists essentially, not in performing a moral act, but in making a thing, a work, in making an object with a view not to the human good of the agent, but to the exigencies and the proper good of the object to be made, and by employing ways of realization predetermined by the nature of the object in question. Art thus appears as something foreign in itself to the sphere of the human good, almost as something inhuman, and whose exigencies nevertheless are absolute: for, needless to say, there are not two ways of making an object well, of realizing well the work one has conceived -- there is but one way, and it must not be missed. The philosophers go on to say that this making activity is principally and above all an intellectual activity. Art is a virtue of the intellect, of the practical intellect, and may be termed the virtue proper to working reason. But then, you will say, if art is nothing other than an intellectual virtue of making, whence comes its dignity and its ascendancy among us? Why does this branch of our activity draw to it so much human sap? Why has one always and in all peoples admired the poet as much as the sage? It may be answered first that to create, to produce something intellectually, to make an object rationally constructed, is something very great in the world: for man this alone is already a way of imitating God. And I am speaking here of art in general, such as the ancients understood it -- in short, of art...
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...Communication and Collaboration Essay Over the course of the last week I had the privilege to study how to communicate and collaborate using the learning assessments in class. I’m much more informed and I look forward to using the techniques presented in chapter 2. Understanding my intelligence and personality will enable me to retain information effectively, and it will allow me to understand and communicate with my peers in a manner that is beneficial to our educational and career development. The three learning intelligences I will discuss are, verbal-linguistic, visual spatial, and interpersonal. I will also discuss the communication strategies for the following personalities: Organizer, Adventurer, and Giver. My strategy for communicating with a Verbal-Linguistic person would be to provide written information to them and verbally communicate information to him or her. In a team environment I would look to that person to be the communicator of the team or take on the role of teaching information, or assign him or her as the contact person. I would communicate with a visual spatial person through graphs, charts, and images. In a team environment I would look to this person to be the creative visual brain of the team, more on the lines of advertisement/marketing. Last, I would communicate with an Interpersonal person by interacting in social activities and working on teams. In a team environment I would look to them to sense the mood of the team, and set a motivating tone...
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...came time to have college tours, take exams, do entrance test, and turn in my transcripts. What I didn’t know was the schools I wanted to attend, needed more than what I had to offer, because my grades didn’t cut it. My test scores were average, and my cumulative GPA didn’t meet the requirements. IV. My teachers tried, I admit I gave them a hard time. I can admit that they were just trying to convince me to show what I can do. I was more focused on not being the geek, the smart girl, and the nerdy type. So I focused on being the class clown and only doing enough work so that I can pass instead of doing enough work so I can pass and be at the head of the class. In a classroom, some students are either very bright, intelligent, or creative. As well as students who are just average or dull or even very dull. My teacher noticed I was...
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...Appropriate Practice (DAP) is more suitable since it involves doing things in much better way. The age of the children ask that they have classes that will promote and support the development of wide range of abilities and interests of children through the conduct of relevant activities that optimized fun in learning. In support to the increasing quantity of human brain development, early childhood professionals should adapt innovative and appropriate means to address children’s learning and assist them in the best possible ways to become successful in cognitive, social, physical and emotional aspects. Jaruszewicz (2012) reported that various instructional materials and strategies are encourage in using DAP. Children have the chance to be creative and free to move aroundto to move around the classroom as much as they want. They are also free to write in their books rather than in already drawn books. Aside from that, children are able to learn through experience and understand themselves. These experiences include: writing, skill instruction, guided reading, modeled writing, cooperative learning, independent learning activities, peer coaching and tutoring, teacher-led instruction, thematic instruction,...
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...to activities for young children Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes, 2005. This book includes the small introduction about the learning experiences of children in an efficient manner. Therefore this book is found as a guide for the young children as it includes the needed details for a curriculum activity of children. First part of book explains about the practices that must be handled for this activity. The second part of the book covers activities of children’s while third part describes the activities of young children in all areas. Thus the last part describes the children following the curriculum activity. Mary Mayesky(2012)Creative activities for young children Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, ©2012. This book explains the various activities for specific learning styles effectively. This consists of the extended discussion on multiple intelligences. It also consists of various concepts of government given to young children’s. Hilda L Jackman (2012)Early education curriculum: a child’s connection to the world Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, ©2012. This book consists of the curriculum that is needed for the development of young children. It also consists of chapter which encourages the children to be more innovative in their learning style. Finally it explains the relationship that is between the teachers and families in an efficient way....
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