...Crime Data Comparison While analyzing the data in the FBI Uniform Crime Report data I selected two different metropolitan areas that meant something to me. One of the metropolitan areas I chose was because I was born and raised there. Although I do not live there, it means a great deal to me, that is the reason I chose Los Angeles, CA. Although I love Los Angeles I also experienced crime there including aggravated assault and armed robbery and although unpleasant and scar these are realities people have to live day to day in these cities. The other I chose for this paper was Atlanta, GA although I do not live there it is close by and it is a part of my new surroundings and frequent it a lot. Aggravated Assault The crime I chose to use as a comparison is aggravated assault. The area that had the most reported incidents was the metropolitan are of Los Angeles. Los Angeles metropolitan are had a reported seven thousand six hundred and twenty-four. The metropolitan area of Atlanta only had two thousand nine hundred and sixty-five. These numbers mentioned before were a whole total. The statistics per a hundred thousand inhabitants is significantly different. In the metropolitan area of Los Angeles, CA per one hundred thousand inhabitants there was a total of one hundred eighty-nine and in the area of Atlanta there was a total of two hundred and five. The amount of inhabitants plays a huge role on the percentage Although not sure if it is a great thing, it is definitely good...
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...Crime and Data Comparison Crime is something that at some degree can occur anywhere in the world. When a citizen is a victim of a crime their life can a take a take a very ugly turn and lead to the biggest stressors of their life. According to the European Society of Criminology (ESC), criminology is defined as "all scholarly, scientific and professional knowledge concerning the explanation prevention, control and treatment of crime and delinquency, offenders and victims, including the measurement and detection of crime, legislation, and the practice of criminal law, and law enforcement, judicial, and corrections systems" (Schmalleger, 2009, p. 15). Citizens see crime as unwelcome and needless deviance. In the other hand citizens from lower communities tend to be emotionless and see it as a normal part of their everyday lifestyle. Crime can happen anywhere at any time, the Federal Bureau of Investigation implements a wide database known as the Uniform Crime Report, which is compiled monthly from local and state law enforcement agencies reports of the Federal Bureau of Investigation them the information is released to the public nationwide (FBI.gov,2014). The National Incident-Based Reporting System is used to collected data by law enforcement by showing more in depth information on each single crime occurrence (FBI.gov, 2013). The type of data used in the National Incident-Based Reporting System is information on the nature of the crime, type of crime, a description of the victims...
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...Crime Data Comparison Lisa Anderson CJA 314 March 01, 2011 Kurt Fertig Crime Data Comparison Comparing similar crimes, in metropolitan area such as Phoenix and Dallas. The FBI Uniform Crime Report (UCR) data shows in 2009 Phoenix had 76 reported murders, and Dallas with 86. Dallas with a lower population number of 1,290,266 had higher murder rate, Phoenix with population of 1,597,397 reported in 2009. Reported murder rates dropped in both areas in 2010, Dallas with 73, and Phoenix with a reported 50. “National reports a decrease of 6.2 percent of violent crimes during the first 6 months of 2010” (Preliminary Semiannual UCR, 2010.) According to Phoenix Police Department (2010), Manager/Police Chief Jack Harris said in September that (contributing factors to the decrease in crime are efforts of two addition new precincts). Figures reached a 20-year low; homicides with clearance rates reaching 20 years highs. Efforts focused on repeat offender and greater collaboration between police and community to solve problems in effectively using resources. With a total of eight precincts that residents benefit by receiving improved response time and needs of patrol officers. Technology has played a large part in crime statistics compared to same quarter last year. Murder rates have dropped almost 40% Phoenix police have upgraded computer and equipped police cars with cameras and more effective laptops (Phoenix news May 24, 2010.11:11 p.m. MDT). Arizonans dealing with illegal aliens...
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...Crime Data Comparison Paper Justin Coleman CJS/231 9/28/15 Kenneth Bitting Crime Data Comparison Paper Crime data is reported through the UCR (Uniform Crime Report) which is recorded by the F.B.I (Federal Bureau of Investigation). Local law enforcement reports their yearly crime to the UCR. Crime data is divided into personal or violent crimes, property crimes, murder, burglary, arson, and robbery. The only way the report can be 100% accurate is if all crime committed are reported. The UCR is not completely accurate but can give you a picture of what crimes are being committed and how often. There is crime everywhere all over the world and the United States some areas have higher crime rates than others. Citizens use the UCR when moving to a new area. It can show what neighborhoods have a higher break in rate versus others. Crime rates vary month to month, year to year, and city to city. If the economy is down in a certain area than the crime rates usually go up because people turn to crime to provide for their families. The UCR can also be altered if there is a high police activity in the area. City’s Chosen for Comparison The two metropolitan areas that I have chosen for comparison are Atlanta, Georgia and Savannah, Georgia. I choose the two areas because I have spent time in them as a youth and they both are predominate cities in the south. I will be comparing the crime of murder in the two cities. Fulton County is the county where Atlanta is located in 2014 it...
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...Crime Data and Comparison Paper CJA 314 Criminology April 28, 2014 Crime has been around since the early 1800s. Crime as defined by Merriam-Webster is considered to be an act of the commission of an act that is forbidden or the commission of a duty that is commanded by a public law and that makes the offender liable to punishment by the law (Merriam-Webster, 2014). According to the European Society of Criminology (ESC), criminology is defined as “all scholarly, scientific and professional knowledge concerning the explanation prevention, control and treatment of crime and delinquency, offenders and victims, including the measurement and detection of crime, legislation, and the practice of criminal law, and law enforcement, judicial, and corrections systems” (Schmalleger, 2009, p. 11). UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS (UCR) The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) is used to provide a summation of crimes statistics which are tallied annually and used data reported by both police and arrests. There are eight major offense categories reported in the UCR. They are murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, vehicle theft, and arson. The Uniform Crime Report uses data which is compiled monthly from local and state law enforcement agencies or individual crime transmitted reports to the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). The information is then released nation-wide (FBI.GOV, 2014). NATIONAL INCIDENT BASED REPORTING SYSTEM (NIBRS) The National Incident Based Reporting...
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...Crime Data Comparison Rebecca Valenteen CJA/314 May 19, 2014 Jen Duncan In 1929 the International Association of Chiefs of Police concocted a systematic method to reporting crime called the Uniform Crime Report (UCR). Shortly after the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was tasked with collecting, publishing, and archiving the statistics. Seven main classifications were chosen to measure the fluctuation of overall volume and rate of each crime (National Atlas of the United States, n.d.). These seven classifications, also known as the crime index, are murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, motor vehicle theft, and larceny theft. An eighth index, arson, was added to the report in 1979. With these statistics officials can determine the effectiveness of new laws and programs as well as the effectiveness of staff and procedural changes. This data affects numerous issues such as budget decisions, integration of new laws, and staffing decisions. The public also looks to this report for information pertaining to fluctuation in crime. Others, such as criminologists, municipal planners, legislators, media, and sociologists use the statistics for planning and research. Although these reports are never going to be a 100% accurate due to the amount of underreported crime throughout the United States, they generally give society a good sense of what is taking place in different areas. Underreporting of crime happens because law officials do not know that...
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...Crime Data Comparison Stacey Tabor CJA/314 - CRIMINOLOGY October 11, 2012 STEVE FREITAS Data Comparison The rates of any crime in the database are extremely different based on location and population. The two areas that are selected for this paper were Akron, Ohio, based on that I have family that reside there and it was very interesting looking at the statistics in this area. Also, another area chosen was Altoona, Pennsylvania, based on several friends/family is from that area as well. This paper will cover crime data from 2007, 2008, 2009 based on Aggravated Assault cases in those areas. The statistics show dramatic changes within both areas over the years according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Reported Incidents The population of Akron, Ohio, was 699,760 in 2007. It is estimated that a total of 902 cases of aggravated assault was reported. In comparison the population of Altoona, Pennsylvania was 125,800 and the total population of reported cases of aggravated assault was 238. Altoona had a vastly smaller population than Akron and in turn had much less reported cases of aggravated assault. (Crime in the United States by Metropolitan Statistical Area 2007.) In 2008 the population of each area did not change very much. Akron increased by 154 people placing them at a population of 699,914, and Altoona decreased to a population of 125,036 dropping their total population by 764 people. Akron in 2008 had 1,137 reported aggravated assault cases and Altoona...
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...Crime Data Comparison Paper Name CJA/ 314 January, 2014 Dr. Anthony Carbo Abstract In this paper, this student completes the following: This student will compare forcible rape crime rates for California and Oregon. This student will compare the data to show which metropolitan area had more reported incidents of forcible rape crimes. This student will also identify the rates of the crime for each metropolitan area. In addition, this student will address how the crime rate changed over time in each city, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates? Finally, this student provides a conclusion about the topic Crime Data Comparison Paper In this paper, this student completes the following: This student will compare forcible rape crime rates for California and Oregon State. This student will compare the data to show which metropolitan area had more reported incidents of forcible rape crimes. This student will also identify the rates of the crime for each metropolitan area. In addition, this student will address how the crime rate changed over time in each state, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates? Finally, this student provides a conclusion about the topic * Number of Forcible Rape Crimes Reported The FBI has gathered crime statistics from law enforcement agencies from across the Nation that voluntarily participates in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program since 1930. The "UCR Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics" (2010)...
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...Crime and Data Comparison Professor September 14, 2015 In this paper I will compare burglary crime statistics between two cities for the years 2005 and 2012 using the Federal Bureau of Investigation database the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. This paper will also, discuss which area had more reported incidents, what were the rates of the crime for each area, did the rates changed over time in either area, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates. Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has been tasked with collecting, publishing, and archiving criminal data statistics in most major cities across the United States. This information is gathered from, Crime in the United States, National Incident-Based Reporting System, Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted, and Hate Crime Statistics that are gathered from data received from over 18,000 cities, universities, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies, which voluntarily participate in the program (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2014). This data is then submitted to the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program breaks down the data into states, the cities within that state, and numerous other categories. These categories include population, violent crimes, murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, property crimes, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson (Federal Bureau...
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...Cell phone data analysis dials in crime networks By Rachel Ehrenberg Sometimes not picking up the phone can be as incriminating as spilling the beans on a wiretapped call. After a recent string of robberies in Italy, a new forensic tool that makes it easy to explore reams of cell phone data revealed an incriminating pattern: Leading up to and after each robbery, there were flurries of calls between members of a gang suspected in a series of gun thefts, car thefts and supermarket stickups. But in the end, it was silence that betrayed the gang: There were no calls during the minutes when the crimes were being committed. The new data analysis tool called LogAnalysis makes it especially easy to visualize the relationships among conspiring suspects as revealed by their phone calls. Developed by scientists at the University of Messina in Italy, the program takes algorithms that researchers typically use to investigate relationships among organisms in an ecosystem or the flow of information in a friendship network, and brings that math together in a manner tweaked specifically for investigating crime. Described in a paper posted March 7 at arXiv.org, LogAnalysis is being tested with some criminal cases in Italy, although the researchers will divulge little about the real world cases. To begin, investigators import all the call data into the program, which transforms the information into a diagram of people connected by phone calls. There are features that make it easy to see who...
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...Crime Data Comparison GEN 314: Criminology March 9, 2015 Crime Data Comparison study within two Tennessee Metropolitan Cities Utilizing the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), this paper will compare burglary crime statistics between two metropolitan cities within Tennessee. This paper will discuss which area had more reported burglary incidents, what were the rates of crime for each area, did the rates change over time in either area, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates. FBI Uniform Crime Reporting The FBI Uniform Crime Reporting Program was created by the FBI in 1929 as an official crime data-gathering program covering the entire United States. It was developed from a national initiative by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), whose goal was to develop a set of uniform crime statistics for use by police agencies and policymakers (Schmalleger, 2012, p.235). Under the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting program burglary is defined as an unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft. The use of force to gain entry does not have to occur to be classified as an offense to burglary. Additionally, burglary is broken into three sub classifications: forcible entry, unlawful entry where no force is used, and attempted forcible entry. A “structure” is defined as an apartment, barn, house trailer or houseboat when used as a permanent dwelling, office, railroad car (but not an automobile)...
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...Correlations Between Population Demographics and Crime Table of Contents Executive Summary: 3 Project Goal: 3 Data Description: 3 Techniques Used: 4 Clustering: 4 Segment Profile: 5 Regression: 7 Decision Tree: 8 Model Comparison: 9 Knowledge, interpretation and conclusion 9 Executive Summary: This summary presents findings of the data mining techniques used in the Crime Statistics by City dataset. The aim of the project is to enhance the knowledge and hands on experience on EM tool and to make appropriate projections about crime rates in cities. Project Goal: Our goal is to determine the similarities between cities and their demographics. Data Description: Our dataset contains demographic data based on race, income, and other factors by city and includes different types of crime. The types include gun owners, convicted felons, race, and income. Examples of cities include Detroit, Chicago, New York, Houston, and Spring Field. Techniques Used: Clustering: As seen above, a large number of cities have similar demographics and were clustered together. Cluster 19 and cluster 7 hold the majority of cities. Population is the most important variable in determining cluster association. Segment Profile: The segment profile suggests that segment 19 holds a higher mean income than that of the overall population. Segment 7 is the opposite, it holds a lower mean income than the overall population. This suggests that …. Segment 19 and...
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...presentation of data. There are variety of different types of statistics, hard statistics are numerical data that can not be manipulated, soft statistics are numerical data that can be manipulated, official statistics are produced by formal institutions whilst unofficial are carried out by informal institutions. By definition, statistical data is quantative data which increases its reliability. Using Statistics in research has a variety of different advantages. This kind of research is cheap and easily accessible. Also, as not much time is spent on primary research, analysis will be fairly quick so the results are fairly up to date. The ready availability of official statistics mean the researcher does not have to spend time and money collecting his / her own information. Unlike in Qualitative research methods such as interviews that could possibly involve travelling costs. It may be the case that official statistics are the only available source for a piece of research. Durkheim, for example, in his study of in 1897 used official statistics drawn from coroners' reports from different societies to establish that suicide rates varied within societies. By doing this, he was able to argue that social factors, such as religious belief, were significant variables and influences in the explanation of why people committed suicide. For some topics, therefore, secondary research is the only way to find data that relates to your study. You cannot go back in time to collect data so you have...
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...mathematics that focuses on the organization, analysis, and interpretation of a group of numbers” (Aron, Aron, & Coups, 2009, p. 2). However, just the mention of statistics makes people nervous, although when properly understood, many of the questions statistics tries to answer are very provocative and challenging. Statistics are a collection of information and, data that helps test the theory something is happening or will happen again. The functions of statistics are there to help researchers have a better understanding of a phenomenon. Statistics can be used when looking for the truth, if you have ever had a hunch about something, was it confirmed? Yes the hunch was confirmed. Statistics help researchers with data by using math and working with a group of numbers. Statistics studies variables, characteristics that have different values, values, possible number that a score can have, and score one person value of a variable (Aron, Aron, & Coups, 2009). Descriptive and inferential statistics are to evaluate results and enable one to make a conclusion. Descriptive statistics are a way to describe data (Laird Statistics, 2013), as well as to “summarize and describe a group of numbers from a research study,” whereas, inferential statistics are used to “draw conclusions and inferences based on numbers from a research study” but go beyond those numbers (Aron, Aron, & Coups, 2009, p. 2). If one thinks of statistics as a tool instead of a mathematical issue, one...
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...Data Managment During the course of an ordinary work day I took it upon myself to record all of the instances in which I was required to produce any amount of personalized electronic data. The list not only astounded me, but frightened me as well. My day started at six in the morning with a swipe of my electronic key card at my gym. The data in the key card is attached to my social security number, phone number, address, birthdate, and credit card. On my way home I stopped at a coffee shop and paid with a debit card thereby producing another record of my location at an exact time and date. At home while getting ready for work, I logged into a podcast of my favorite National Public Radio show. My login information is connected to a credit card and all of my personal demographics. The time stamp I left while streaming online radio will most likely be saved on a massive server, available for recall for years on end. As disturbing as this seems, this is only the beginning, as my day to day job requires constant surveillance, both by proximity card, audio and video surveillance. Most people can tell you that if you desire privacy at your workplace, do not pursuit a career in corrections. In one eight hour day, my proximity card, which links to my personnel record, is recorded over fifty times a day. In order to enter or exit any door or hallway, one must swipe their proximity card, which logs the activity into a massive database that is backed up into a cloud server on...
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