... Subject: International Law What are your perceptions on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? Would you like to amend any of the articles or add a new article to the declaration? ‘CRIME AGAINST THE HUMANITY’, means that the acts of persecution or any large-scale atrocities against a body of people, as being the criminal offense above all others. Human rights are international norms that help to protect all people everywhere from severe political, legal and social abuses. The right to freedom of religion, the right to a fair trial when charged with crime, the right not to be tortured, and the right to engage in political activity are the fundamental human rights. The rights exist in morality and in law at the national and international levels. The main sources of the contemporary conception of human rights are the Universal declaration of Human rights, the treaties that followed in international organizations such as the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Organization of American States, and the African Union. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights sets out number of human rights that countries should respect and protect, which are normally divided into six. They are Security rights that protect people against abuses of the legal system such as imprisonment without trial, secret trials and excessive punishments, liberty, rights that protect the liberty to participate in politics through actions such as communicating, assembling...
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...Global Crime Analysis Paper Jessica Cross CJA/394 October 20, 2013 Global crimes transcend national borders and threaten American citizens and communities, businesses, and institutions, as well as global security and stability. The classification of global crimes can be categorized according to if the behavior is international and constitutes a crime against the world, or if the act is transnational that affects the interests of more than one state (Global Solutions, n.d.). The contents of this essay will identify the various major global crimes and criminal issues that have a global impact on national and international justice systems and processes. In addition, the text will discuss the various international justice systems and how these global crimes and criminal issues are addressed. Fueled by open borders, global markets, and the advancement of telecommunications, international crime has become a rising universal problem. In 1995, President Clinton classified international crime as a danger to the national interest of the United States. Therefore, before and since then the federal government has been busy in a converging effort to address various major global crimes, such as human rights and war crimes, organized crime and narcotics, cybercrime, environmental crime, and terrorism (Global Solutions, n.d.). Human Rights and War Crimes are inhuman acts committed by an extensive or systematic attack aimed against individuals, such as genocide, crimes against...
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...Transitional and International Crimes Comparative Criminal Justice 330 Professor Marcella Wilhoite Strayer University Jacqueline R. Suarez October 14, 2013 United States has accused three countries of continuing to abet human trafficking. Russia, China, and Uzbekistan have been trafficking humans and forcing labor. President Obama stated that he would impose sanctions, all while trying to maintain relations with each country on strategic issues. All three countries have a combined estimate of 27 million victims. These countries are also responsible for forced labor, child labor and prostitution and even chattel slavery. Chattel slavery is where people are treated as property and can be bought and sold and forced to work. President Obama is threatening to sanction these countries by ceasing any type of foreign aid and withholding of American support from the World Bank. “The State Department’s rankings are required by law and a recent amendment by Congress forced the administration’s hand in cases where countries were on a “watch list” for more than consecutive years.” (Myers, 2013) Human trafficking is considered a Transitional crime as these crimes “are offenses whose in caption, acts, and impact involve more than one country.” (Dammer & Albanese, 2010) Transitional crimes happen between countries. Human trafficking is considered a transitional crime because humans are “trafficked” from country to country. These are crimes that occur between international...
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...anyone had anything to report about this, the few instances where the KONY posters were put up. There were a number of two or three stories of people ripping the posters down; there was so much controversy and hatred that was developing from this whole situation. This whole KONY 2012 campaign has really gone down to hell, except for one aspect the guy behind it. Jason Russell; who is now infamous for being drunk, public indecency, and vandalizing cars. He made some money off of this, but that aside what I really want to point out is what the real problem like this when movement like this come about. This KONY idealistically very good, no one wants to see children being taken away from their parents. Taken to war camps, trained to fight against their neighbors in their original home county, stuff like that should be stopped. But here's the real problem, no one cares. Now that maybe a broad assertion, but let's think about that. If the world as conglomerate community really got together and the majority thought was to stop like this from happening. Why the hell the world sit idle by, while years turn into decades turn into more decades? Of imprisonment of these children, of war of famine of decease of...
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...There is always two sides to every story ever told, People have been taught to only observe and understand one side of every story. But only observing one side of a story blocks our way of perceiving a event or action taken. There are many examples of how viewing stories from one side can change our perspective on it such as in children’s books, car accidents, and in the kony 2012 project. Every child has grown up reading both nonfiction and fiction childhood stories. Some with animals singing and others with people becoming a hero to save the day. One famous fiction children story is the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf. In most cases the story is told from the pig’s point of view of how the wolf ate two of his brothers and blew down their houses made of straw and wood. The wolf was seen as the antagonist between the two. When reading the book you only got one side of the full story and your perception was the same of the pigs, that the wolf was evil. But only recently have authors published books which tell the story from the wolfs point of view. Which helps you develop your own thoughts on how the event really took place. Based on the wolfs perception of the time of day, how it occurred, and the end result of the story of the three little pigs. In the U.S. there are approximately 6,500,000 car accidents per year, all of which involve two or more people. Based on how the accident happened and if there were any witnesses to the event. Affects rejection...
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...Ljubljana Session Report 2013 September Regional Academy of United Nations Tuesday, September 3, 2013 Bled Strategic Forum Panel discussion International criminal justice: a precondition for a prosperous economic future? The international community is facing geopolitical and economic changes, but still violent conflicts dominate the global headlines. Is this the modern, civilized world? My own opinion.. shock our conscience why are these atrocities still happening? what can be done to prevent them? what price dp the States pay for the mass destruction? (how can it be measured? human values..without a price) how does it affect our and their economies? does lack of criminal justice deter potential investors? or: can justice stimulate economic growth? Can both help prevent conflict? Conflicts thrive on impunity. Impunity encourages more violence and only exacerbates further injustice. Impunity, instability – feeding further into extremists and nationalistic tendencies. (raising the tensions in a fragile or post-conflict society) The unstable environment discourage international and national investments (or look from the other side: why is is unstable? because they took their lands? (Egypt – Kairói Világnépesedési Konferencia) what are the main roots of failed states, or insecure regions? why is the environment unstable? international investments or national investments?) internal conflicts seem to occur disproportionately in low income and low-growth...
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...Linzy Gallon March 15, 2013 Comp II Analysis paper All throughout history and in many cultures, children have been heavily involved in military campaigns. The fate of many children’s lives are tragically decided when they are lured and in most cases forced to participate in child militant. There are an estimated 250,000 child soldiers across the world today (Williams, 2013) . On March 5, 2012 a viral video project KONY launched pulling in over a million viewers in a matter of a few of weeks (Neylon, 2012) . Helping to raise awareness of child soldering, the KONY project targeted one individual Joseph Kony, a war criminal wanted for many crimes against humanity. In this analysis paper the struggle of child soldiers and how this world wide problem is being handled will be discussed. One question that is often asked is how could this be happening? How is it possible to create a child army? The essence of a child’s innocence can be disfigured into mindless brainwash. “Children affected by armed conflict can be injured or killed, uprooted from their homes and communities, internally displaced or refugees, orphaned or separated from their parents and families, subjected to sexual abuse and exploitation, victims of trauma as a result of being exposed to violence, deprived of education and recreation, at risk of becoming child soldiers.” (Mahcael, 2013) With children being so receptacle to influence due to development not yet reached, it is so much easier to control a child...
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...Some countries like a South Africa has adopted the international crime prosecution Treaty (“the Rome Statute”). This means that under ordinary domestic law (the ICC Act)** the South African investigative authorities have the power to prosecute anyone who has committed torture, or a crime against humanity anywhere in the world, if the perpetrator is in the country (at any time when investigation is contemplated). Jurisdiction is also established irrespective of the perpetrator’s place if the victim is a South African citizen. A top South African court has declared that the country's police and prosecutors are obliged to investigate allegations of torture and crimes against humanity committed by Zimbabwean government officials, against Zimbabweans, in Zimbabwe. The court said the police were empowered to investigate the alleged crimes "irrespective of whether or not the alleged perpetrators are present in South Africa". Sworn statements gave what the South African court called "a graphic picture" of torture allegedly carried out on members of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change after a raid on its offices in Harvest House, Harare*: "They describe severe physical assaults being perpetrated, which included the use of truncheons, baseball bats, fan-belts and booted feet" the court said. "There are accounts of victims being suspended by a metal rod between two tables; of being subjected to water boarding; and of electrical shocks being applied to the genitals of some of...
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...The Global News Stations Blue Ranney ReactionPaper-RanneyB-FA13 Middle East In the Middle East (Southwest, Asia) there has been a war going on for over hundreds of years and many people have lost their lives and some live on to tell their stories. It’s not every day that we hear about everything going on over in the Southwestern region, but there are all sorts of unfathomable crimes taking place as we speak today. I’ve seen on CNBC nightly news the war crimes taking place in Syria. There have been over 180 Syrians killed and over 200 women and children kept as hostages. This is a war crime led by rebels teamed with the government. If it wasn’t for CNBC news I wouldn’t have known about this story. There are numerous different ways to hear about what’s going on in the world today. You can read magazines, watch TV, and get information from the internet. I personally like to stay up with the world news using the internet. Three foundations that I would like to focus on are “Human Rights Watch, NPR, and Alternet”. My first thoughts of these sites, I drew a blank, and didn’t really know what to expect from them. The one similarity that I recognized is how they are funded foundations through charities and donations. The” Human Rights Watch” and “NPR” are both funded...
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...Hate Crimes Against African-American Tonja Charletta Cash 4/29/12 Hate Crimes Against African Americans Two African-American, 16 year old girls were walking home from a school function. They were walking through a predominately white neighborhood. One was wearing her school cheerleading outfit and the other was wearing a hoodie, and it was covering her head. Which one will be racially profiled? Hate crimes happen in small towns and large cities. They happen in every state: north, south, east, and west. They involve everything from simple graffiti to brutal murders. They may be called hate crimes, bias crimes, civil rights crimes, or ethnic intimidation. Hate crimes are crimes committed because of the race, releigion, sexual orientation, or other group memebership of the victim. The precise groups that are included in the definition of hate crime vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. African-Americans have been targeted for generations. There have been many white against black crimes, and police against black crimes. Has there been any improvement in the last 50 years? Racially motivated attacks agaist African-Americans rose more than 8% in 2008. While crimes...
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...Asian Pacific Americans are portrayed in the media in a variety of contradictory stereotypes, ranging from the "model minority" at the head of his or her class in school, to the non-English-speaking welfare recipient who is a "drain on the system." Asians are also characterized in film as unscrupulous businessmen and cruel mobsters, or as compliant, submissive and exotic. One-dimensional portrayals, coupled with the absence of accurate images and positive role models, obstruct public understanding of the Asian American community, which can contribute to an anti-Asian climate. Despite the diversity among Asian Pacific Americans, they are often misperceived as a monolithic group. Thus, even though an act of anti-Asian sentiment might be perpetrated with a particular ethnic group in mind (e.g., Indian, Filipino or Korean), a failure to make distinctions between Asian Pacific American ethnic groups causes members of all groups to become potential victims of hate crimes. Hate incidents are expressions of hostility based on race, religion, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation or disability. Hate incidents are not illegal. They may take the form of name-calling or using racial slurs, hate speech, the distribution of racist leaflets or other disrespectful behavior. Hate crimes are defined by federal or state statutes. A hate crime occurs when a person commits an act such as assault, battery, criminal damage to property, criminal trespass to property or mob action because of the victim's...
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...Hate Crime: A Rising Problem Hate Crime can be defined as a perpetrator deliberately targeting a victim because of his or her believed membership in a certain social group, usually defined by race, religion, sexual orientation, disability, class, ethnicity, nationality, age, gender, gender identity, or political affiliation. In the US the Hate Crimes Statistics Act (1990) requires for the recording of an event as a ‘hate crime’ that there is ‘manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation or ethnicity and requires recording officers to complete a 14-point checklist involving a great deal of subjectivity and requiring tacit knowledge of the offences by the recording officer’ (Jacobs, 2003). Some groups such as blacks, Jews, and homosexuals are the most targeted for biased based violent crime but are protected by certain state and federal laws while other groups such as transgendered people are not protected by any law. In the film Soldier’s Girl we meet a young man plagued by the ignorance of a society unwilling to accept a person with non-traditional sexual orientation into the bravado of the Army Infantry. This is an instance far too familiar for many people who make the choice to have a non-traditional way of life. The story of Barry Winchell and Capernia is a direct correlation as to how homosexuals as well as transgendered individuals are treated by society today. The debate on whether being homosexual is a choice or a trait a person is born with...
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...Hate crimes in America are on the rise for Hispanic Americans. There have been many accounts of murder, rape, beatings, and vandalism performed against the Hispanic community and people. We must take action to not tolerate such anger and violence against others. Our society is one of diversity and if we are going to be truly acceptable of all people and cultures then we must protect all heritages and cultures. Hispanic Americans deserve the same privilages as any other American. “The November 2008 murder of Ecuadorian immigrant Marcelo Lucero is the best-known recent act of hate-crime violence against a Latino in Suffolk County, N.Y., but it is far from the only one.” This is just one of many crimes against Latinos in New York and many citizens have protested against the crimes in order to gain political support in the form of laws. County Executive Steve Levy is one official in New York that is fueling the fire by saying things like “no one wants to live across the street from 60 men in one house”. Even if this is was true, most Americans do not see 60 people of any culture living in one house. We have all seen many family members that have to live under one roof to survive in this economy and as long as they are law biding citizens then we should welcome the extra men power to the neighborhood. “Levy proposed that Suffolk County police officers be empowered to detain Latinos solely on suspicion of being undocumented immigrants and turn them over to federal authorities...
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...mistreatment of African Americans (Oakes, 2007). However, abolition of slavery gave way to virulent racism that worsened with time until the African American community decided to stage a series of protests in what came to be known as the civil rights movement. During this time, it is not only African- Americans who were victims of racism. Jewish-Americans also suffered their own form of discrimination that saw some of them getting killed. Several laws were enacted during the civil rights movement’s activities, most of which helped stem the tide of racism. Since the 1960s, the period during which the civil rights movement carried out its activities, tremendous progress has been achieved. The achievements can be misconstrued by some to mean absolute elimination of racism and anti-Semitism. But the reality of the matter is that racism and anti-Semitism are still part of the American society, and evidence from research will be discussed to support this claim. The first evidence of the continuity of racism in America is the placement of a limit on the number of Asians who can be admitted to Ivy League colleges in the United States (Lubin, 2012). Racism is also shown to be part of the American society as shown by anti-black sentiments as well as anti-Hispanic sentiments in the United States as of 2012, more than four decades since the civil rights movement staged protests (Associated Press, 2012). Additionally, the Anti-Defamation League reports that hate crimes that are related to religion...
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