...The Criminal Justice System 2 Abstract This analysis explores the different types of tactics used by the police to control drug problems in different types of drug markets. Overall, the police appear to informally categorize drug-dealing places and to use these cursory site assessments to tailor their drug control tactics. By contrast, the police combine traditional investigation, and prosecution with interactive sources such as the District Attorney, Defense counsel, Judges; both Federal, state and Local. Statistically significant differences in their involvement are found in the investigation in the original stages, as measured by the number of calls services, pre arrest and post arrest. A defense attorney must act as an officer of the court, respecting the need for truth and truth-seeking within the confines of the adversary system and as an active participant of a system that places justice as a core value. Many criminal cases - and almost all civil ones - are heard by a judge sitting without a jury. The judge is the "trier of fact," deciding whether the evidence is credible and which witnesses are telling the truth. Keywords: Police Officer, involvement, investigation, criminal cases, pre/post arrest Criminal Justice System 3 Criminal justice is defined as the system of practices and institutions of governments...
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...Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System Marlena Moore AIU Online International Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System In my paper I will discuss and give an overview of the criminal justice system and the different roles the different officers of the courts play. And the different stages that a defendant goes thru and when the decision is made to arrest and take the individual to trial. And the different stages of the investigation and who is involved. Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System The different stages are the Pre-arrest investigation that’s the stage takes place after a report of a criminal activity has taken place. Before an arrest is made law enforcement investigate whether a crime has occurred. Once they get the information is gather then they making a decision about whether a crime committed and who needs to be arrested. Then you have the Arrest and that’s when the accused is taken into custody by law enforcement. And that can happen in two ways: 1) law enforcement arrives on the scene and decides that there is probable cause to make an arrest and the officer can take the person into custody immediately, 2) the officer makes an arrest because he has a warrant for the individual. Then you have the Initial Appearance that usually happens following the arrest, the accused must be brought before the court. The court will tell the accused the charges and advise them of their rights to counsel and the right to remain silent. Then...
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...Overview of the Criminal Justice System Danita N Wright AIU Online Abstract The criminal justice system is made up of intricate pieces of a large puzzle. The age of “Law and Order”, CSI, and other television program has all but eliminated the real parts of the puzzle that lead to the arrest of the suspect. Before one is educated on how this works, he should be made aware of the roles that each person plays and at what stage they are bought into the scene. Everyone from the policeman to the judge encounters the suspect at different stages and there are many things that happen to maintain the flow of the justice system. Overview of the Criminal Justice System Police officers, Judges, District Attorneys, and Prosecutors all play their own part in the criminal justice system. They all have their own different interaction with either the suspect or criminal defendant. There are different things that must happen before each has their chance. The same goes for the suspect, usually his first interaction is with the police officer, and depending on his involvement or (lack of) he will meet the defense attorney, the prosecutor and finally the judge. The Role of the Police Officer “The general role of the police officer is to protect and defend”. This sounds simple enough. But it gets more complicated when you consider the mechanics that it requires. Usually the police officer is the first person that the suspect encounters. When there is a report of suspicious...
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...Courtroom Work Group There are many parts of the courtroom and the process of convicting a criminal. The courtroom work group has a major role in convicting and finalizing a case. In the courtroom work group, there are three groups of people that hold the entire courtroom together. Without the work group, the courtroom would not flow, and coming to a conclusion to the case would not be as easy. The work group is made up of the Judge, the Defense Counsel and the Prosecution. They work together to reach a result, in the case by staying in contact on a daily basis. There are many roles in the work group, and if they are not all followed through with then the results could be different than what they should be. In this paper, we will look at the roles of the prosecutor, how the criminal justice funnel effects the courtroom work group and what will help eliminate the funnel and reduce the backlog of cases. The Work Group The courtroom work group is composed of various people who make the court systems work to the best of their ability. Each person has its position, and she/he is responsible for their part. We can start from the top, first we have a Judge, he/she is responsible for imposing the proper judging techniques in the courtroom, and they are to make sure the accused rights are not violated in the courtroom. Then we have a defense attorney, and the defense attorney is to defend his client against any wrongdoing by the court and prove his client is innocent of the charges...
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...and Purpose Paper Valerie Wilson CJA/224 January 21, 2013 Professor Jennifer Martin Court History and Purpose Paper A court is a place where justice is administered. It is a tribunal duly constituted for the hearing and determination of cases, and a session of a judicial assembly. The courts are here to settle disputes between parties. The purpose for the courts is to hear the defendant's cases and either rule to dismiss or sentence the defendant to some type of punishment. The defendant is given a chance to plead guilty, not guilty, or no contest. If the defendant pleads guilty during their arraignment the judge may sentence them at that time or schedule them for sentencing. If they plead not guilty than their case is scheduled for a trial, depending on what charges are filed by the Prosecuting Attorney or District Attorney. During a trial officers, medical specialist, forensic experts, and witnesses may be subpoenaed. At this time the judge will hear both sides of the opposing counsel. The judge and jury are the fact finders. The jury will deliberate and come back to court with a decision. At this time the judge will read their decision and is the one who determines the law. At the sentencing the judge will make the final decision. If a defendant pleas no contest than they leave it up to the judge to choose what punishment or sentencing is given for that person. No matter what that defendant pleas during the arraignment they do give the option to come...
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...Victims and Crime Evaluation Omar Diaz CJA354 March 17, 2015 Mr. Dale Jenereaux Victims and Crime Evaluation Victims of crimes often suffer from various aspects of the criminal acts that were committed against them. The criminal justice system can also contribute to victimization against victims. Lipmann (2010) noted, victims also suffer post crime or secondary victimization. This includes but it not limited to loss of wages, medical expenses, property loss, disability and/or the need to relocate due to safety issues and/or inhabitable living quarters after the crime (Lippman, 2010). Over the year’s inauguration of victim’s rights and victim’s assistance, victims can often relive the horrible experiences that they went through by either having to testify in court or something as simple as nightmares. This is commonly known as pain and suffering. In the adversarial criminal justice system, the prosecution develops a case against the defendant by usually working with the local district attorney’s office. The evidence presented in a case inevitably involves the victim through law enforcement investigations, the identification of the defendant, medical examinations and victim reports. Both the prosecution and the defense have certain obligations to the victim. Each party within the criminal justice system can contribute to victimization. The defense has the responsibility to prove that their client was innocence and did not commit the crime. This can portray that the victim...
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...Read more: Role of a Police Officer | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/facts_5007770_role-police-officer.html#ixzz1tRP3wAxg Read more: Role of a Police Officer | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/facts_5007770_role-police-officer.html#ixzz1tRPGtoCW Read more: Role & Duties of a District Attorney | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/list_7774779_role-duties-district-attorney.html#ixzz1tRSe3av7 Learn About Cost, Courses, & More For Colleges With CSI Programs '12 www.CampusExplorer.com/CSI Read more: Role & Duties of a District Attorney | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/list_7774779_role-duties-district-attorney.html#ixzz1tRSozElQ Read more: Assistant District Attorney Job Description | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6678588_assistant-district-attorney-job-description.html#ixzz1tRTlS8rU Read more: Assistant District Attorney Job Description | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6678588_assistant-district-attorney-job-description.html#ixzz1tRTwBvmX * Read more: Assistant District Attorney Job Description | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6678588_assistant-district-attorney-job-description.html#ixzz1tRU8Bc2n Police Investigate Filing of Criminal Complaint After an alleged crime is investigated, the police initiate the criminal procedure by filing a complaint with the Magisterial District Judge (MDJ) in the area that the crime occurred. Once the complaint is filed, the MDJ will issue either a summons or a warrant of arrest, depending generally on the...
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...Participation One of the core components to the criminal justice system is the judicial system. The judicial system consists of participants who have specialized roles that are associated with the courtroom. There are 10 basic roles that the participants play which include; judge, prosecutor, defense counsel, bailiff, court reporter, clerk of the court, witness, jury, defendant, and spectators. The judge has the ultimate authority in the courtroom, and is used to protect both the rights of the accused, and the best interest of the public. Courtroom participation is an important aspect, and is necessary in helping to secure the rights which are protected under the United States Constitution. The courtroom work group works together, and is guided by ethical considerations, and statuatory requirements that are bound by law (Siegel, Schmalleger & Worrall, Chapter 7, 2011). There are professional, and nonprofessional participants that help to make sure that everyone is guarenteed a fair, and just trial. This paper discusses the important roles that each particpant plays in the judicial system. Each member of the courtroom has duties, and responsibilities that help in the procedures that are established in court proceedings. Courtroom Participants And Their Roles The courtroom arena is equipped with different players who make up the core of the court system each player posses a different skill set and plays important roles in the preceding process. The participants in...
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...Criminal Justice Maria Pringle American InterContinental University 03-24-2012 Abstract The criminal justice system is a set of agencies and processes that are established by the government to control crime. The justice system is no single system; but divides into many that operate separately. How the criminal justice system work depends on jurisdiction. Different jurisdictions have different laws, agencies, and ways they handle the justice process. The main systems are state and federal. The state handles crimes inside their state boundaries. The federal handle crimes committed on federal property (Criminal justice, 2008). The Criminal Justice System Majority of the criminal justice systems have five components: law enforcement, prosecution, defense attorneys, courts, and corrections. Each of these teams plays a key role in the criminal justice process. Law enforcement officers take reports of crimes that happen in their area. They investigate, gather, and protect evidence of a crime. They make arrest, give testimony in court, and conduct follow-up investigation. Prosecutors are lawyers who represent the state or federal. Prosecutors review evidence that the law enforcement gathers; and decides on if any charges are going to be filed. They present evidence in court, question witnesses, and negotiate plea bargains with defendants. They can use their discretion on how to prosecute the case. Victims can contact the prosecutor’s office to find out who is in charge...
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...Criminal Law Evaluation This paper is going to examine both the sources and purposes of criminal law. In addition to Identifying and explaining jurisdiction of individual states, local, and federal enforce of criminal law. Moreover, there are two standards of proof in criminal cases proof beyond reasonable doubt and the other one is a criminal act has to have been committed with criminal intent. Adversarial system is important to the criminal justice system because it consist of two advocates representing two different sides in front of a jury or judge to determine what is true and false. Discuss and differentiate the concepts of criminal liability and accomplice liability. Also, three different types of inchoate offenses that will be discussed are solicitation, conspiracy, and attempt. The purpose of criminal law is to make sure society does not experience harm, to warn them of the consequences, to define what the intent is for all offenses, to inform society of the seriousness of the of offenses, to punish people for their wrong doings, and to make sure the victim and anyone connected including the public receive justice (Schmalleger, 2010). Criminal law also provides society with regulations and informs people of the consequences for breaking the law. For example, it makes a distinction in regard to petty and severe crimes. In addition to conveying criminal laws purpose is to keep society safe by giving and enforcing rules with deterrence, rehabilitation, and punishments...
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...01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Step 7 A Judge Is Assigned to Hear the Case ❖ 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 N 30 L In the previous two chapters, we learned about the two attorneys in the courtroom drama, the prosecutor and the defense attorney. In this chapter, we turn our attention to the third member of the courtroom work group, the judge. We will learn what judges do and how they become judges. Then, we will look at judges’ discretion and how it affects their relationships with others. INTRODUCTION Judges are by far the most easily recognized member of the courtroom work group, both by their conspicuous robes and by their prominent position in the courtroom. They are also the subject of many stereotypes because the public wants to believe that judges combine patience, wisdom, and compassion to arrive at fair decisions, while they eschew the character flaws that sometimes form the basis of decisions by others, including prejudice, intolerance, favoritism, and hostility. Unfortunately, judges are human and their decisions occasionally reflect such a reality. One West Virginia judge, for example, became so enraged at a defendant who began cursing at him in court that he jumped down from his bench, tore off his judicial robe, and bit the tip off the defendant’s nose (Smith, 1998). He served five days in jail on state assault...
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...The Roles of Courtroom Atari Dunn CJA/204 August 13, 2012 Katina Semien Roles of a Courtroom The structure of a courtroom workgroup consists of a Judge, Jurors, and Bailiffs of the Court, clerk of court, court reporter, expert witness, lay witness, victim, defendant, prosecutors and defense lawyers. This specialized team of individuals work together to successfully prosecute criminal court cases. The courtroom work group thrives to construct a safe and care free environment of justice. However, each party work diligently in order to achieve a quality of fairness to all criminal cases presented. The courtroom work group also consists of the bailiff of court, the clerk of court, and the reporter of the courts. Each courtroom work group has these officials, and is needed so the courts can properly run as structured. Each representative has their own specific job that is carried out on a daily basis. One of most important person in the courtroom work group is the Judge. The judge is elected or appointed by the state to review and facilitate disputes presented through arguments of prosecution and defense during a trial. Judges are presumed to be unbiased in their application of Criminal Law when reviewing the facts and arguments presented by all parties, such as the defendant, claimant, lawyers, and the people in the courts. The judge informs the jury on the laws that are applicable to the crime committed. It is also the judge’s job to let the jurors know that the...
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...Describe each of the courts in turn. P2 - European court of justice is the highest of court affecting our legal system since 1973. For points of European law, a decision has to be made by this court and is compulsory on all other courts in England and wales. However, there are still laws which are unaffected by European Union law and for these the Supreme Court (formerly the House of Lords) is the Supreme Court. An important aspect of the European court of justice is that is prepared to overrule its own past decisions if it feels it is necessary. This is a flexible approach to past precedents is seen in other legal systems in Europe, and is a contrast to the more rigid approach of our national courts. The court is divided in to three sections which are court of justice which deals with requests for preliminary rulings from national courts and certain actions for annulment and appeals. Then the general court rules on actions for annulment brought by individuals, companies and, in some cases, EU governments. This means that this court deals mainly with competition law, State aid, trade, agriculture, trademarks. Then there is the civil service tribunal which rules on disputes between the EU and its staff. The role of the European court of justice is ensuring the EU law is interpreting the law (preliminary rulings) and that it is applied the same in every EU country ensuring countries...
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...Crime Evaluation In the United State the criminal justice system is comprised of agencies. The justice system is established to protect people and to impose penalties on those who violate laws. There are several different agencies within the criminal system in the United States. Agencies are similar but different, because each county, state and federal or military installation has their own jurisdiction. Each jurisdiction has different levels of managing criminal justice processes. Military has their own jurisdiction but depending on the crime they are still part of the two main systems: State criminal justice systems handle crimes committed within their state boundaries and Federal criminal justice system handles crimes committed on federal property or in more than one state. In the criminal justice system there are five components law enforcement officers, prosecution, defense attorneys, courts, and corrections. Each of the five components plays a key role in the criminal justice process. Far more importance is how victimization affects the roles of the prosecutor, defense attorney, criminal and victim. Prosecutor is to prosecute criminal within their jurisdiction. They are the administrator of justice, an advocate, and an officer of the court who representing the people in a trial. Prosecutor works with their local law enforcement agencies to prosecute criminals and to provide legal advice on functions and duties in a criminal matter. If there is any conflict of interest...
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...present system of administration of justice, a foreign transplant, is unsuited to the genius of our people, its procedures are dilatory and cumbersome, not advancing the cause of substantial and quick justice. The situation is serious indeed and calls for careful consideration of the reasons for this delay. The system of administration of justice as obtaining in Bangladesh, both as regards the hierarchy of courts and the procedures followed by them, is the result of an evolutionary process the present system coming down from hundred years back and the people including the unlettered villagers have become used to its formalities and technicalities. Why then the people are losing confidence in the system is the question of the day. The answer is not far to seek. The procedure delay in disposal of cases, may account for much of the erosion of confidence in the system. But no particular point in Bangladesh. The administration of justice alone can be said to be the source of delay. It starts right from the beginning and endorse of the end. In decree of execution the uncertainty looms unending to the woe and worry of litigants- winners or losers. Through the agony of trial and tribulations emerge some causes which were common to the courts of all levels and which are peculiar to the court of different tiers. In every step of trial, however, there are some defects accounting for delay which are though inherent have yet become part of the system. The justice delivery system in our country...
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