...by a leading magazine which was fortune. Also, P&G’s values state as such, at P&G we attract and recruit the finest people in the world. They build their organization from within, helping and gratifying people without concern to any change unconnected to performance. They act on the certainty that all of the employees of P&G will continually remain our most significant asset. Moreover, the mission statement of the organization also states that it will continue to deliver the best brand-named products and services that are of superior quality and worth that will improve the lives of the consumers in today’s world, now and for generations to come. This statement also stipulates the company is well aware of the repercussions and uses of the CSR policies which they have to follow to be a respectable commercial citizen. Running head: PHASE1 INDIVIUAL PROJECT Therefore, the accountabilities of the business remain very great. The morals, persistence and values of proctor and gamble provide the breakdown of just how the organization has calculated out its strategy in agreement with the socially liable approach. Sustainability is embedded in all their efforts and all their actions. The five schemes of proctor and gamble include the merchandises, processes, public responsibility, personnel and shareholders (P&G, 2010). The straightforward perseverance of P&G is to improve the lives of its customers. P&G also want to...
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...Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept that has been introduced and used by businesses well over half a century, Corporate Social Responsibility is all about contributing back to social society through various charity projects from where companies have earned. CSR is how Companies are doing businesses in a way that can separate them from the competition in the minds of consumers; it gives companies enormous amount of benefits such as; It helps to build good working atmosphere among its existing staff, Brand differentiations through CSR projects are also used to persuade governments and the wider public, that company is taking current issues like health and safety, diversity or the environment seriously and so avoid intervention. CSR programs also draw attention away from companies' perceived negative impacts e.g. the petroleum giant BP has run campaign to clean oil spill and also installed very visible wind-turbines on the roofs of some petrol stations in the UK. The Procter & Gamble Company P&G is one of the world largest consumer goods manufacturing companies with US $78.9 billion revenue (2010) employing over 127000 people. It is 6th most admired company in Fortune magazine 2010 list. Company is 172 years old and has grown through enormous amount of challenges and Depression. Through all this volatility, the one factor above all others that has enabled P&G to grow responsibly, which is the clarity and constancy of P&G's Purpose - to touch and improve...
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...Journal of Intercultural Management Vol. 3, No. 2, October 2011, pp. 113–125 Adrian Pyszka Michał Piłat Cracow University of Economics Applying trompenaars typology of organizational culture to implementation of csr strategy 1. Introduction Nowadays many authors declare Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in strategic terms as it is no longer seen as the invention of some social activist but important source of competitive advantage. However various researchers still struggle to figure out what shape and utility should the tools of CSR have and what implementation model could be the best to fulfill the business objectives. The study aims to demonstrate whether Trompenaars bipolar model of organizational culture could prove useful while implementing CSR strategy and to propose some good practice in this case. 2. Theoretical framework Culture A lot has changed in world of management since 80s and many leaders tend to ask a question whether corporate culture is still important. However high interest in that area seems to be a sufficient prove that it still is. According to a recent survey by management consultancy Bain & Company, 9 of 10 senior executives believe that corporate culture is as important as strategy for business - - - - - Electronic PDF security powered by www.IndexCopernicus.com 114 Adrian Pyszka, Michał Piłat success1. Corporate culture is described as general constellation of beliefs, mores, customs, value systems and behaviors...
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...Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) beneficial to a company’s performance? CSR—A double-edged sword for company’s performance Starting from the refined corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies issued by the European Commission in 2011, a stinging debate is being aroused on the influence of CSR to the whole society. The most influential critic is Noble Prize winner Milton Friedman, who regards CSR as a waste of stockholders’ money (1970). However, many other articles claim, opposite Friedman, that CSR actually improves companies’ financial performance in the long run (Bagnoli and Watts, 2003; McWilliams and Siegel, 2001). There are plenty of arguments on CSR’s influence on company’s performance. As far as I am concerned, CSR plays as a double-edged sword in company performance. The definition of CSR is quite easy to understand. According to Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), CSR is defined as “achieving commercial success in ways that honor ethical values and respect people, communities, and the natural environment.” McWilliams and Siegel (2001:117) describe CSR as “actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the interest of the firm and that which is required by law.” These suggest that a socially responsible corporation should take a step forward and adopt strategies and business practices that go beyond the profit requirements and contribute to some social-friendly activities. However, when companies choose to engage in CSR activities, what they are...
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...CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS CSR? eople create organizations to leverage their collective resources in pursuit of common goals. As organizations pursue these goals, they interact with others inside a larger context called society. Based on their purpose, organizations can be classified as for-profits, governments, or nonprofits. At a minimum, for-profits seek gain for their owners; governments exist to define the rules and structures of society within which all organizations must operate; and nonprofits (sometimes called NGOs—nongovernmental organizations) emerge to do social good when the political will or the profit motive is insufficient to address society’s needs. Aggregated across society, each of these different organizations represents a powerful mobilization of resources. In the United States, for example, more than 595,000 social workers are employed largely outside the public sector—many in the nonprofit community and medical organizations—filling needs not met by either government or the private sector.1 Society exists, therefore, as a mix of these different organizational forms. Each performs different roles, but each also depends on the others to provide the complete patchwork of exchange interactions (products and services, financial and social capital, etc.) that constitute a well-functioning society. Whether called corporations, companies, businesses, proprietorships, or firms, for example, for-profit organizations also interact with government, trade unions, suppliers,...
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...public are more curious about the CSR and the its legal expectation. Some countries have already set mandatory regulation about the CSR. For example, in Australia the Corporations Act 2001 stated that companies need to disclose environmental performance and another Act[1] requires certain companies to provide the information about greenhouse gas emissions. However, in the UK, the regulations mainly govern financial disclosures[2] and there are few regulations about the CSR of company. In the aspect of law, the Companies Act 2006 s.172[3] set some duties for the directors to promote the success of company which are in relation to legal expectation of the corporate social responsibility. The notion of CSR and the relationship between CSR and its legal expectation is the main of this essay. This essay will critically discuss the notion of corporate social responsibility and giving particular attention to minimum legal expectations. The structure is as follows: in the section 1, we are focus on the discussion in relation to many kinds of the definition of corporate social responsibility. In the section 2, we will discuss the notion of CSR through different theory perspectives and the minimum legal expectation. In the section 3, after obtain some results about the problems of currently CSR issue through the discussion between different theories, we will concentrate on the legal topic of the CSR and use some cases to analysis mandatory and voluntary CSR. In the section 4, we will put...
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...assigned me to do, to get a clear understanding over corporate governance practice in different banks in Bangladesh. I have tried my best to gather all kinds of relevant data, which could give an overall idea on this topic. To do that, I‟ve conducted a study on 18 selected bank‟s corporate governance practice. In addition, I have also studies relevant rules, regulations and laws. I hope that this report will meet the expected standard. I have enjoyed doing the research work. Especially, your kind supervision has made the hard work easy. I am submitting this project for your kind consideration and thanking you for your constant assistance and guidance. Sincerely yours, ___________________ Monjur-E-Elahi ID# 2010-1-10-067 iii | P a g e Table of Content: Letter of Transmittal: ........................................................................................................... iii Table of Content: ................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgement:...
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...Version of Record - May 29, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Mar 1, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at Sunway Education Group on April 23, 2014 Journal of Management Vol. 38 No. 4, July 2012 932-968 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav What We Know and Don’t Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis Indiana University Ante Glavas University of Notre Dame The authors review the corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature based on 588 journal articles and 102 books and book chapters. They offer a multilevel and multidisciplinary theoretical framework that synthesizes and integrates the literature at the institutional, organizational, and individual levels of analysis. The framework includes reactive and proactive predictors of CSR actions and policies and the outcomes of such actions and policies, which they classify as primarily affecting internal (i.e., internal outcomes) or external (i.e., external outcomes) stakeholders. The...
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...GHANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AMRAHIA, GHANA CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) OF ZAIN GHANA, A MARKETING STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OR TRULY GIVING BACK TO THE SOCIETY: A CASE STUDY OF ZAIN’S SCHOOL BUILDING PROJECT AT ODUMASI-KROBO. YEBOAH-MANTEY EMMANUEL APRIL 2010 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) OF ZAIN GHANA, A MARKETING STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OR TRULY GIVING BACK TO THE SOCIETY: A CASE STUDY OF ZAIN’S SCHOOL BUILDING PROJECT AT ODUMASI-KROBO. YEBOAH-MANTEY EMMANUEL A CAPSTONE PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT DEGREE APRIL 2010 STUDENT’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this project work is the result of my own original research and where I have use others’ materials, I have fully acknowledged them Signature: ……………………… Date: …………………………… (YEBOAH-MANTEY EMMANUEL) SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the preparation and presentation of this project work was supervised in accordance with the guidelines on supervision of Capstone Project as laid down by Ghana Christian University College Signature: ………………………… Date: …………………… Acknowledgements Table of Contents Declaration I Acknowledgements II Table of Contents III Abstract............................................................................................................
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...decisions that are ethical in nature. Such decisions reflect a range of ethical dilemmas between, for example, truth vs. loyalty, justice vs. mercy, short-term vs. long-term consequences, and the individual vs. the collective (Kidder 1995, p. 18; Stacks & Wright 1989, pp. 53-67). Public relations practitioners, by nature of their position and job responsibilities, are often in a crossroad of a range of competing interests. Often, the tension may be between the practitioner’s own values and the culture of the organization. In other cases, it may be a conflict between the practitioner’s professional code of ethics and organizational norms and expectations. In yet other circumstances, they may be faced with competing interests between the organization and its various publics. At the very least, practitioners will frequently confront contradictions between business demands for economic performance and public expectations for ethical conduct. Concerns over these competing responsibilities and the ethical dilemmas they produce for public relations are the subject of this essay. In it, a range of challenges faced by public relations practitioners related to issues of ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are explored. It is argued that CSR has, in many respects, altered the expectations and demands placed on the profession. As a profession, public relations have a long and contested relationship with ethics and more recently with corporate social responsibility (McBride...
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...unacceptable ethical behaviors, deteriorating environment cased by business activities and so on. As a result, a concern of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) had generated during that time. Many people believe CSR is good for business based on the socioeconomic view of social responsibility (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg & Coulter, 2005). This report is in favour of the view that the CSR is good for business by considering the economic, legal, ethic and philanthropic advantages of CSR in business. From the impacts of CSR to business’ economic positions, there are three advantages for business, which are secure long-run profits for companies, improvement of shareholder’s interests in the long run, superiority of avoidance of negative social or environmental impact and Improvement of public image and supports from public expectations respectively. • Secure long-run profits for companies CSR can help companies maintain long-range self-interest. That is to say, many of social problems caused from business activities seriously deteriorate the social condition that may become unhealthy climate for business’ performance, but SCR may remedy these problems to help business survive and prosper in the future because the function of social responsibility is just to “pursue long-term goals they are good for society” (Robbins et al, 2005, p.164). The existence of the business enterprise system depends on whether the society accepts the activities of the business or not. If business wants to...
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...Introduction As the theoretical framework of CSR evolves, there is increasing focus on the interaction between internal capabilities and business activities with the external environment. Aras and Crowther (2007) integrated key attributes of sustainable activities, namely Societal influence, Environmental impact, Organisational culture and Finance, in conjunction with internal-external and short-term long-term context to develop the sustainable development guiding framework for corporations, i.e. Model of Sustainable Development. Visser (2010) proposed the concept of CSR 2.0, highlighting five dimensions (C)reativity, (S)calability, (R)esponsiveness, (2) glo-cality and 0) or circularity as the five targets for future CSR activities. Unilever’s CSR efforts in 2012 are analysed using the above models and short conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness and overall accountability and transparency achieved by the company. Model of Sustainable Development Theoretical Background Many executives are realising that an enterprise’s environmental and societal impacts influence business long term viability as much as financial performance (Lawler and Worley, 2012). This trend is clearly presented in a recent study by the United Nations (2013) since 96% of surveyed CEOS believe that sustainability is crucial to future success of their companies and they have certain plans to ensure sustainability. Owing to the importance of sustainability in contemporary business, it is of utmost...
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...Supplement Cameron Sabadoz Received: 3 December 2010 / Accepted: 5 May 2011 / Published online: 24 May 2011 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract This article revolves around the debate surrounding the lack of a coherent definition for corporate social responsibility (CSR). I make use of Jacques Derrida’s theorizing on contested meaning to argue that CSR’s ambiguity is actually necessary in light of its functional role as a ‘‘supplement’’ to corporate profit-seeking. As a discourse that refuses to conclusively resolve the tension between profit-seeking and prosociality, CSR expresses an important critical perspective which demands that firms act responsibly, while retaining the overall corporate frame of shareholder supremacy. CSR does this by ambivalently affirming both profit-seeking and prosociality, a necessary contradiction. Attempts to reduce CSR’s ambiguity can thus only succeed by undermining its viability as a normative discourse that captures how certain elements of society understand how firms should act. The analysis suggests that greater scholarly attention is needed with regard to the material discursive environments within which discourses such as CSR are deployed. A discursive approach to research could thus benefit future practitioners, who have to act according to fluid standards of responsibility that cannot be authoritatively defined, but which can be better understood than they are at present. ´ Keywords Corporate social responsibility...
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...well as media exposure, are potential determinants of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure practices by Spanish listed firms. Empirical studies have shown that CSR disclosure activism varies across companies, industries, and time (Gray et al., Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 8(2), 47–77, 1995; Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 28(3/4), 327–356, 2001; Hackston and Milne, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 9(1), 77–108, 1996; Cormier and Magnan, Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting 1(2), 171–195, 2003; Cormier et al., European Accounting Review 14(1), 3–39, 2005), which is usually justified by reference to several theoretical constructs, such as the legitimacy, stakeholder, and agency theories. Our findings evidence that firms with higher CSR ratings present a statistically significant larger size and a higher media exposure, and belong to more environmentally sensitive industries, as compared to firms with lower CSR ratings. However, neither profitability nor leverage seem to explain differences in CSR disclosure practices between Spanish listed firms. The most influential variable for explaining firms’ variation in CSR ratings is media exposure, followed by size and industry. Therefore, it seems that the legitimacy theory, as captured by those variables related to public or social visibility, is the most relevant theory for explaining CSR disclosure practices of Spanish listed firms. KEY WORDS: corporate social responsibility...
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...Barrack Gold Corporation Introduction The following essay focuses on the mining conglomerate Barrick Gold Corporation. Barrick owns gold and copper mines across Australia, Africa, and the Americas and these geographical locations provide the focus of the essay’s Macroenviromental analysis. The gold is sold to various gold bullion dealers at market prices whereas copper is sold to copper product manufacturers and copper traders in Europe, North America, South America and Asia (BarrickResponsibilty, 2013). Barrick’s Macroenviroment According to Kotler et al. (2011) a company and all of the other actors operate in a larger macroenviroment of forces that shape opportunities and pose threats to a company such as Barrick. Jobber and Ellis-Chadwick (2013) further imply that it is these actors and forces that affect the mining company’s capability to operate effectively in providing products and services to its customers. Its external environment is characterized by elements that do not have an immediate impact on its performance albeit their impact being felt over the long term. There are those that can influence the company marketing activities without management being able to control them hence the need to continuously monitor them or risk going out of business (Wilson, 2006). The framework that best discusses these elements is the PESTLE Analysis as it provides the strategic planning and environmental analysis that can be useful for Barrick to improve performance and ensure its...
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