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QN:With the aid of case studies from Africa, explore different leadership strategies of settling disputes

Settling disputes refers to one of several different processes used to resolve disputes between parties. This includes negotiation, mediation, arbitration, collaborative law, and litigation. Settling disputes is the process of resolving a dispute or a conflict by meeting at least some of each side’s needs and addressing their interests. Conflict resolution is a community process involving the identification of the root cause of the problem, and bringing all parties involved to address the underlying issues. This usually ends with the guilty accepting wrong doing, leading to reconciliation which may include compensation or just forgiveness (Brock-Utne, 2001)

Notable dispute resolved in Africa, was in Kenya. It was a forest conflict which was associated with the Njukiine forest which was managed by the Gichugu Gikuyu and Embu elders. Tension was present in the pre-colonial era for the regulated use of the forest. Colonialism perpetuates dramatic changes which erupted in the 1930. The Gikuyu immigrants, lineage elders, local authorities and colonial administrators all competed to control the use of the forest. A range of groups were involved as different disputes unfolded.Women the most numerous of the major forest users groups were absent in the disputing process. Several means were used to address the disputes which were the local moots, rituals, tribunals, chiefs, and administrative bodies. Negotiation was used in diverse settings villager against villager in local moots and African councillors against British administrators in the local council. Mediation, arbitration, and adjudication were also used at varying times by villagers, councillors, and British administrators. Less powerful actors disappeared from the disputes. The immigrants Gikuyu, the elders

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