...I & I L Capstone: War and Culture Abstract Statement Although culture is a key topic in the purview of theoretical discussions, the concept of war and culture is a new notion that has not been engaged by many analysts. Indeed Adrian Lewis underscores the importance of war and culture in "The American Culture of War in the Age of Artificial Limited War" when he posits that culture decisively influences the way nation-states conduct war (Lewis 226). This work aims to shift focus from the traditional focus on culture as a method of analysis and instead examine various commentary on the military and its application as a form of cultural activity. America's Self-Imposed Cultural Attitude Towards War There have been widespread calls to consider the normative cultural interpretations of war. Most notably, the works of Adrian Lewis as demonstrated in his treatise The American Culture of War, are a classic pointer of the dynamic and contested nature that culture assumes in the interpretation of war. Lewis poignantly articulates the need to apply such cultural interpretations in a deterministic fashion (Lewis 225). In writing The American Culture of War, Lewis depicts war as a systematic orchestrated phenomenon, which in essence is a prolongation of culture through other techniques (Lewis 227). To prove this argument Lewis presents two cardinal subjects. First he provides an explicit analysis of the transformations that America has undergone since...
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...War culture, while not heavily discussed in media or amongst politics today, is hiding right under our noses—and thriving. War culture has evolved so rapidly and widely it has managed to have a profound effect on everyday life influencing media, pop culture and even constitutional crises due in large part to the culture of fear it creates. In recent times war has been used as a way to secure foreign oil and fulfill other political agendas that don’t necessarily benefit the majority of our nation. War, once considered a last resort, is now a go to tactic. It has become so commonplace it’s quietly become a big part of our lives that we never really notice. War culture is almost subtle, one doesn’t even recognize it at first but as we analyze certain events, police tactics, symbols and images in media and literature it becomes clear just how instrumental war culture has been in shaping a national identity. The action of occupation by force that the US military uses has influenced police tactics at home. While the whole of America might not be considered a police state, there are instances of police brutality that mirror tactics used in detention camps. One of the most recently talked about incidents in which military like action was taken against civilians were the actions that took place in Ferguson, Missouri. On August 9th 2014, 18 year old Michael Brown was gunned down by Officer Brian Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri. The circumstances surrounding the events were questionable...
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...Culture Wars in the 1960s The 1960s were all about changing the way America viewed sacred things like civil rights, war, and various other objects the counterculture was rallying for. Before this life-changing decade these things were near irrelevant, they were normal and not expected to change. However, during the 1960s these arguments were unavoidable and it was traditional people, typically the elders or parents of the generation, vs the new agers, young adults of the generation. The issues debated in the 60s stirred great conflict between the “religious” elders and the “secular” youths, by facing tradition against charisma, which brought together each of the groups since they needed to rely on each other to develop their argument. The elderly people in the 60s who were not for desegregation, anti-war, nor the new counterculture were categorized as “normative Americans who continued to believe in God, hard work, American exceptionalism,… and “traditional gender roles” (Snyder). This categorization defines them as the “religious” portion of this argument since they identified with believing in God. They were a hard group to get to budge on what they believed since for years prior to the 60s they ignored the efforts made by the younger generations to change the world. The elderly being set in their ways adheres to Smith’s argument that “A little more than half of emerging adults remain quite stable in their levels of religious commitment”(Smith,282)....
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...I believe that the culture war is a myth and not a reality. Although the majority of people pick a side of liberal or conservative, it does not mean they agree with everything with their side. They tend to be more moderate in a lot of situations and do not really have a clear side. In Tuesdays lecture on September 23rd, Professor Dietrich showed us a graph on opinion data. This graph showed what people’s opinions shows and placed them in extremely conservative, conservative, slightly conservative, and vice versa for liberal. Moderate was in the middle of liberal and conservative. The moderate section had by far the most in terms of people’s opinions. This shows that many people are in between liberal and conservative in terms of their politics. Also, on page 160 in Biano and Canon, they stated, “when polls are designed to tap consensus, they reveal that on wide range of policy questions, most Americans hold opinions that are squarely in the middle of the political spectrum”. This shows that there is little evidence of a culture war in American politics. They go on and say that although it seems everyone disagrees in politics, it is not always true. Even when there are disagreements in politics, acceptable compromises are normally figured out. In an article I read from the American Psychological Association, Bridget Murray Law discusses the culture war. She agrees with Fiorina’s views that the culture war is a myth and most Americans are moderate or in the center of politics...
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...Culture Wars Culture wars; there have always been a variety of music to listen to such as Country, Pop, Latin, Hip Hop and Rap. The meaning of culture wars to me is people who dislike a certain genre for instance rap music. Some people are against rap music because of the controversial meaning that songs have. In this paper you will be reading on an interview for Foxx 11 news with O’reily interviewing rap icon Cameron and CEO producer Damon Dash. Principal Salome Thomas-EL asked a couple of questions stating that gangster music is a terrorizing impact on his students, On my opinion you can never tell a rapper they have a negative effect on the youth. It’s their work and their art and what they do as a musician. For example when you hear the stories of kids shooting up a school, was it the rap music they listen to? No, it is the parent’s responsibility to moderate what their kids listen to, it’s wrong for people to blame rappers for the actions that people make. O’reily interviewed rap icon Cameron and CEO producer Damon Dash. During this interview there was also a principal from an elementary school who had questions for the rap stars. The principal complained that the kids at his school look up to the rap star and he thinks Cameron is showing a bad example. He confronted Cameron asking him why his music is so negative when there are little kids listening to his music. Cameron replied that his music is just what he see’s and what he goes through as a person. ...
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...Jawaab Celin Ka Socota Arday Ka Qalin Jabisey Dugsiga Sare ee Abaarso School of Science and Technology Waxa aan warqaddan u diraynaa dhammaan ummadda Somaliyeed, meel kasta oo ay joogaan. U-jeedadayaduna waxa ay tahay in aannu faahfaahin ka bixinno jahawareerka ka dhashay booqashada uu suxufiga Anderson Cooper ku yimid Somaliland, gaar ahaan socdaalkii uu ku tagey dugsiga Abaarso. Isla markaana waxa aannu jawaab ka bixin doonnaa eedaymaha aan salka iyo raadka lahayn ee loo soo jeediyay dugsigayega. Waa marka koowaad’e, dhammaantayo waxa aannu ka midaysannahay in khaniisnimadu (ama is guursiga dadka isku jinsiga ahi) aanay dhaqan Soomaaliyeed iyo diin Islaam midnaba meel ku lahayn. Hadaba, waxaa is waydiin mudan: maxaa sababey in Somaliland ay yimaadaan Anderson Cooper iyo kooxda suxufiyiinta ah ee wehelinaysay? Maxaa ayse ka soo dooneen dugsiga Abaarso kooxdan weriyayaasha ah ee ka socotay shabakadda CBS News? Soddomeeyyo sano ayaa ka soo wareegtay markii u dambaysey ee arday Soomaaliyeed oo ku dhalatay kuna barbaartay dhulkooda hooyo ay fursado waxbarasho ka helaan jaamacadaha caalamka ugu sarreeya sida Harvard, Yale, MIT, Brown iyo qaar kaloo badan. Dugsiga Abaarso waxa uu dib u bilaabay in uu soo saaro ardey la tartami karta facooda ku kala nool daafaha dunida. Ardeydan waxaa la siiyey fursado waxbarasho oo u sahleysa in ay dhistaan mustaqbal ay dadkooda, dalkooda, iyo diintoodaba ku anfici karaan. Warkan farxadda leh ayaa ay doonaysaa CBS News qaybteeda “60 Minutes-ku”...
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...The collapse of slavery after the Civil War sent shockwaves throughout American Society. While the concept of slavery was destroyed, the ideology of White Superiority over blacks remained throughout the Country. The Minstrel Shows emerged from the remnants of slavery and invigorated the discrimination towards blacks. The shows were comedic acts starring blacks slandering their demeanor and behavior through satirization. The Minstrel Shows and entertainment industry reflected the widely accepted the social differences of the time between blacks and whites and ultimately lead to the development of many black stereotypes. The conclusion of the Civil War brought huge social changes for African Americans. The 13th amendment abolished slavery, thus freeing all African Americans from their former slave masters. However, not all people followed suit with the new amendment, and the rights of the blacks varied throughout the...
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...MILITARY LEADERS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE AMERICAN MILITARY TRADITION, AMERICAN CULTURE, AMERICAN WAY OF WAR, AND THE EXHIBITING OF CHRISTIAN VALUES ***** ******* HIUS 380– Spring B02 March 11, 2016 The United States of America has exemplary Divisions of Armed Forces where many outstanding members have stood courageous and resilient in their service to this country and the protection of others. General John J. Pershing, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, and General Matthew B. Ridgway are three of the military leaders which this paper will depict and associate while expounding upon the way each contributed to the American Military Tradition. Continuing in how these individuals were or were not representative of an American culture or an American Way of War as interpreted in this course of study. Also, an opinion will be offered regarding such persons as to whether or not each was an appropriate Christian role model. No matter the similitudes or dissimilarities of the individuals each will prove to be distinguished and accomplished in their innovative and outstanding leadership and service to this country. Military Tradition in the United States of America is a frequent reference to relationship and affiliation through the ancestral line of a serviceman and an individual’s advancements and accomplishments as soldiers. American Military Tradition will endeavor itself to change as new technologies and ideologies transpire. The reflection of change or enhancement will reveal through...
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...In “Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America” Morris Fiorina is addressing that the dark line drawn between the “red” and “blue” states is dramatized by “the journalistic community” (26). Fiorina begins his argument by dating back to the 1990s when the motion of culture war abrupted. He provides examples, such as that of political campaigns tensions, scandals, books, articles, and identifies the media as the one adding gasoline to the fire and making the issues “high in news value” (26) when in reality they are not. The authors main point is that the reports on culture war “range from simple exaggeration to sheer nonsense” (28). The notion of a culture war is nothing but a myth fabricated by headline news that want to captivate the audience's attention with radical and...
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...Scandinavian Culture: Home Exam Antoine LE GOFF HISTORY BOOK: HOW SWEDEN BECAME SWEDISH Table of Contents Introduction 1 Creation of Sweden and its culture 3 17th - 18th century: Swedish culture is born 3 Göticism and Viking heritage: Foundation of the Swedish culure 3 18th Century: the Enlightenment: a new view of the nation 3 19th Century: National Romanticism 3 20th century: Contemporary History 4 The dissolution of the Union 4 The First World War 4 Wellfare system establishment 4 The Second World War 4 The Cold War 5 European Union and Immigration 5 How Sweden Becam Swedish 6 Welfare State 6 Cultural Policy and Propaganda 7 Multi-culturalism 8 Gender Equality 9 Conclusion 11 Introduction The purpose of this essay is to try to understand the Scandinavian culture. To do this, we have to clarify some concepts, like National Identity, Nationalism, culture and Swedishness, in order to understand the connection between those, and finally expose more easely the following arguments. Those concepts can be seen as pretty dimness and deep, so we have to treat those with caution. In fact, if we start with Nationalism, many theorists tried to counteract the three paradoxes this concept bring : objective modernity vs. subjective antiquity, socio-cultural concept vs. concrete manifestations and 'political' power vs. philosophical poverty. Therefore, we see that Nationalism involve multiple frameworks, like history, culture, social...
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...University encourages students to major in anthropology, stating “Anthropologists are careful observers of humans and their behavior, maintaining an intense curiosity: What does it mean to be human?” An anthropologist studies every aspect of human life. They provide explanations for why we talk the way we do, why we walk on two feet instead of on all fours, and how we raise our children. They also help to answer questions about the reasons cultures wage wars against each other, and why human beings decided to start making sophisticated tools such as the wheel. It is an anthropologist’s job to seek out the truth and provide factual evidence. People need to study anthropology for all of these reasons and more; their knowledge benefits people in the public sector by answering questions that they have. In the first module, we learned about culture, taboo, religion and witchcraft. These topics were examined by the novel Cows, Pigs, Wars, and Witches: The Riddles of Culture by Marvin Harris. Harris described taboos as being created to blame culture, and not the environment for things that go wrong. He believed religion was a...
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...are our proper, necessary, or inescapable roles as we relate to one another and to world at large? In my own definition of word myth is that it is study of who the human being had been evolved from the certain kind of situations or events and became how we are today. Also, by studying myth, we can be ready for the future events. For instance, when studying society, people often say ancient Rome, which is good model of success, and failure. Why do myths from different cultures around the world address such similar or universal themes? Think about how myths explain the unknown and the tribulations of mankind. I think people shared somewhat similar myths because even with different cultures and different way of their life, people still have similar problem or similar way of communicate with others. Most of the myth is came from the war, which makes people fight, or communicate with one another. The war makes tribulations of a culture, and from the tribulation, there are always a hero, which every culture have one like Alexander. As the time goes, people would talk about their hero as how they want their hero to be, which every people think...
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...The Aztecs people of Central Mexico have been a controversial culture studied by many archeologist and anthropologist a like. The Aztec had an empire in central Mexico when the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. The Aztecs had a very controversial practice not seen in many cultures around the world and that is human sacrifice. To understand the practice of human sacrifice one must look at the reasons why the culture did such practices. There are three main ways of examining a cultural practice from a anthropological perspective. These ways are cultural relativism, ethnocentrism and critical cultural relativism. The purpose of the examining the human sacrifice the way of critical cultural relativism is the best and superior way to look at foreign...
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...Introduction This paper discusses how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) histories and cultures (“the histories and cultures”) can be incorporated into a Year 10 history classroom curriculum. The classroom curriculum is the practical unfolding of the formal, written curriculum between teacher and student. For incorporating histories, three overt, practical ways are discussed: role play, writing an Acknowledgement of Country and interpreting a movie which incorporates the perspectives of ATSIs. For incorporating cultures, the eight-way Aboriginal pedagogies outlined by Tyson Yunkaporta (2009a) are discussed along with how the classroom curriculum can be adapted to incorporate such cultural techniques. Indigenous history and culture...
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...Film Noir A Culture of Seductive Crime Somewhere along a dark alley in the shattered shadowy streets of Hollywood a part of history lies in the tragically neglected culture known as “Film Noir.” An introduction similar to any number of introductions found in any Noir themed novel or film’s initial dawning. Aristocrat or plebeian does not come into account in this culture; those who are iconic to the startup have come from many different backgrounds and even belong to many different cultures. Film Noir culture is undoubtedly a culture that can share its members concurrently with indiscriminate amounts of other cultures. Film Noir is more than just pessimistic crime dramas starring cynical men and dangerous “femme fatale” siren like women. It is a style and an American culture. With the stock market crash on October 29, 1929 came the great depression. From this time leading up to WWII the current benign dramas unquestionably left more to be desired. Their lackluster presentations were turning off audiences who where seeing so much more turmoil and danger in the world around them, leaving them to find the films boring and detached from any sense of connectivity. With this came the onset of Film Noir. In “Hollywood Genres and Post-War America: Masculinity, Family and Nation in Popular Movies and Film Noir” Mike Chopra-Gant writes, “Noir is seen as more than a trend in film production; it is regarded as emblematic not only of the cinematic culture, but also as the tone of...
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