...The Biology and Pathology of cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition which occurs when the gene that prevents the lungs and digestive system being clogged with mucus is faulty. This is due to a chloride channel being unable to function as it should and open when there is an increase in the level of cyclic AMP. This could be due to an associated regulatory protein being unable to undergo phosphorylation. It affects the function of the exocrine glands in a person’s respiratory and digestive systems. The thick mucus produced interferes with the absorption of nutrients essential to the body by preventing the passage of digestive enzymes causing severe malnutrition. The role of CFTR in normal cells CFTR gene is responsible for creating the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein; also known as CFTR protein. This protein acts as a transmembrane channel in cells that produces mucus, tears, and sweat and digestive enzymes transporting negatively charged chloride ions allowing the regulation of water in tissues. This is essential as it helps to produce the thin mucus that protects the lining of the airways and other tissues and organs....
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...Cystic Fibrosis affects more than 30,000 children and adults in the United States. Cystic Fibrosis, also known as CF, is a life-threatening genetic disease that causes lung infections and limits the ability to breathe. CF also affects other organs as well. People who have CF are born with a defective gene that they must receive a copy from both parents. There are more than 1,800 known mutations of CF. Factors such as age of diagnosis, can affect an individual’s health and the course of the disease. The defective gene causes a buildup of thick and sticky mucus in the lungs, pancreas and other organs. Mucus is normally slimy and a little thicker than water. In the lungs the thick mucus buildup clogs airways and traps bacteria which leads to...
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...About: "Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine." Cystic fibrosis affects the cells in your body that make mucus, sweat, and digestive fluids. They become thick and glue-like. This blocks tubes and ducts throughout your body. Over time, mucus builds up inside your airways. The mucus traps germs and leads to infections. "It can also cause severe lung damage like cysts and fibrosis. That’s how cystic fibrosis got its name." The lungs aren’t the only part of the body that’s harmed by cystic fibrosis... organs: Pancreas: The thick mucus caused by cystic fibrosis blocks ducts in your pancreas. stops digestive enzymes from reaching your intestine.... Liver: If...
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...Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis changes the cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva and the digestive secretions, resulting in thick and tenacious secretions. The thick secretions cause obstruction of airway, ducts and passageways. The mutation of Chromosome 7 and transmission that follows an autosomal recessive pattern has been isolated to the genetic defect that leads to cystic fibrosis (Story, L. (2018). Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder most commonly inherited disease in the Caucasian population. The single gene mutation is passed from an affected parent to the children regardless of sex (Goldstein, & Prystowsky, 2017). Children need to inherit one copy of the gene from each parent to have the disease. Children...
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...Short Paper 1 Snyder, B. (2016). Study reveals new clues to cystic fibrosis ‘gender gap. Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from https://news.vanderbilt.edu/2016/09/15/study-reveals-new-clues-to-cystic-fibrosis-gender-gap/ Women afflicted with cystic fibrosis typically live about two to three years less than males who have cystic fibrosis. The research team at Vanderbilt University determined that the hormone estrogen may be the source of the discrepancy seen between genders. The potassium ion channel, KCNQ1, and its regulatory protein, KCNE3, work concurrently with the ion channel (CTFR) that equalizes salt concentrations in the lungs. The attachment of a phosphate group to KCNE3 by estrogen...
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...Course: Date: Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) refers to an inherited problem of the mucus glands. Mucus is a substance that is usually slippery secreted by the body to cover the digestive system, lungs, and reproductive system as well as other tissues and organs. CF makes the body to release excessive mucus that is extremely thick and sticky, which can cause various health issues. Among these health issues are difficulty in coughing, chest repetitive infections, lengthy diarrhea and deprived gain of weight. If the condition is not treated it would cause extensive complications, which may lead to early death. Nevertheless, if the condition is identified early and the child is exposed to proper treatment, the symptoms of CF are controllable and children may live longer. Different authors have different views on CF as they all try to get into a conclusion on how the health condition should be resolved. Since CF is inherited, the defective gene must be passed from both the parents to the child in order to acquire the disease else if only a faulty gene is inherited, the child becomes a carrier. Actually carries of cystic fibrosis do not have the disease but can pass to other individuals. There are proposals on improvements as well as challenges in executing the CF treatment process. The paper discusses the proposal below. Literature Review According to Norm Brown (2009), the gene responsible for CF was identified and it was named Cystic Fibrosis Trans-membrane Conductance...
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...When a person says, “sixty-five roses,” one would think that they literally mean sixty-five roses, but in reality they are talking about one of the most life threatening diseases – cystic fibrosis. While this nickname may seem like it has some dark history behind it, it actually does not. The story behind this is that in 1965, Mary G. Weiss, a volunteer for the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, was making calls about financial support for CF research because her three little boys had CF. After she had made several calls, her little boy, Richard, told his mother that he knew who she was working for. Having no knowledge that he even had Cystic Fibrosis, he told his mother that she was working for 65 Roses. Since 1965, the term “65 Roses” has been used...
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...Title: Outline the benefits of an Exercise programme for people with Cystic Fibrosis and discuss the factors which may influence Exercise compliance. Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common and life limiting autosmal recessively inherited diseases in the world with an estimated occurrence in newborns of 1 per 3000 per annum (Walters, 2007). The majority of people with this disease are diagnosed during their first year of life with many countries now employing newborn screening programs. The basic mechanism of the disease consists of manifestation as pancreatic insufficiency leading to malabsorbtion and failure to thrive and impaired mucocillary clearance leading to reoccurring chest infections and bronchiestasis (Savage et al. 2011). With the recent advances in treatment of CF which have resulted in increased life span and survival rates, individuals can now expect to live into their fourth decade. Stats from the UK show that CF affects over 9000 people with 4000 under the age of 16 (Williams and Stevens, 2013). Irish stats show a similar pattern where 1200 individuals suffer from CF with 45% being under the age of 18. According to the CF trust (2010) the primary cause of death in individuals with CF is respiratory failure. CF is a progressive respiratory disease which results in an abnormal ventilator response to exercise for individuals with CF (Bradley and Moran, 2008). This contributes to dyspnoea which is a shortness of breath and is a major limiting...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory * Join * Search * Browse * Saved Papers ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form * Home Page » * Science Cognitive In: Science Cognitive Discuss the impact of chronic medical conditions on adolescents (12-18yo) and identify ways of promoting resilience or positive development (1300 min-1500 max words). A chronic or long-term illness results in major physical and psychological changes to the individual. The illness requires them to adjust to the burdens of the therapy implicated to treat the condition. There are multiple emotional, cognitive, motivational and behavioral factors that are stressed during the ongoing illness that hinders the individuals ability to develop and function healthily within Sigmund Freuds psychodynamic structure. Additional theories according to B.F Skinner, Mccrae & Costa and Carl Rogers compliment the idea that chronic illness will impact the individual’s ability to keep a positive self-esteem and develop socially and autonomously through adolescents. We will look into the specific factors that are impacted by chronic illness’, how exactly they relate to the responses of adolescent individual, how it affects their relationships with families and medical staff, and identify ways in which we can promote positive development despite the burden of a wide range of chronic illness’...
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...Genetic and Reproductive Sciences Abstract This paper is based on genetic and reproductive science and their benefits and limitations regarding individuals, families, and society. The paper covers the screening and treatment for diabetes and what methods are used to prevent it development. The paper also contains information regarding In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and its benefits for individuals and families. The use stems cells and its advantages and disadvantages are also mentioned. Analyze the benefits and limitations of genetic and reproductive sciences for individuals, families, and society. The benefit of genetic science for individuals is that it can determine if the person has a possible genetic disorder and give them a better chance at preventing the disorder from becoming active, monitor the disorder, or treat the disorder. For example, diabetes is a genetic disorder that can be discovered through genetic testing. Lifestyle changes such as exercising and lowering their body mass index (BMI) can prevent someone for developing diabetes, and the testing can monitor diabetes if a person develops it. Diabetes can also be treated by the use of insulin and dieting if monitored correctly. The limitation of genetic science for individuals is the emotional outcome of the test results. Some people may get upset and begin to feel guilty, depressed, or even become anxious once they receive their results (Cho, et al., 2012). The benefits of genetic science...
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...The Factors that Affect Health Status and Patterns of Ill Health P3: Describe current patterns of health and how they are monitored – Patterns of ill health in the UK are monitored through the use of statistics. The UK National Statistic organisation is responsible for producing these statistics in order to illustrate and identify patterns of ill health within the UK. Government statistical departments play a vital role in identifying and monitoring patterns of ill health in the UK, of which include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent...
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...The Factors that Affect Health Status and Patterns of Ill Health P3: Describe current patterns of health and how they are monitored – Patterns of ill health in the UK are monitored through the use of statistics. The UK National Statistic organisation is responsible for producing these statistics in order to illustrate and identify patterns of ill health within the UK. Government statistical departments play a vital role in identifying and monitoring patterns of ill health in the UK, of which include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent...
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...traits or introducing new genes to get desired traits, but it can also mean combining DNA from separate people. We can begin by talking about the Human Genome Project. The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international research effort to determine the DNA sequence of the entire human genome. HGP researchers untangled the human genome using three tools: producing what are called linkage maps, through which inherited traits (such as those for genetic disease) can be tracked over generations; making maps that show the locations of genes for major sections of all our chromosomes; and determining the order, or "sequence," of all the bases in our genome's DNA. The research revealed that there are probably somewhere around 30,000 human genes and has given the world detailed information about the structure, organization and function of the human genes and other functional components found in DNA. This information can be seen as the basic set of inheritable "instructions" for the development and function of a human being. From the HGP, we discovered information that helped in the research of genetic engineering. The uses for genetic engineering range from scientific research to agriculture and technology. Although we will focus on human genetic engineering in this paper, genetic engineering can be done on any living organism from humans to plants, and even viruses and bacteria. The first genetically...
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...University of Phoenix Material Environmental Pollution Outline Complete the following outline using Ch. 21–25 of the text. Use complete sentences. Here is an example: Example - Environmental History Before 1960, few people had ever heard the word ecology, and the term, environment, meant little as a political or social issue. Silent Spring by Rachel Carson Rachel Carson published Silent Spring in 1960. At about the time the book was published, several environmental events were occurring. Examples of these environmental events are oil spills and highly publicized threats of extinction of many species. Environment became a popular issue. Early Days of Modern Environmentalism Environmentalism was dominated by confrontations between those labeled environmentalist and those labeled anti-environmentalists. Environmentalists believed that the world was in peril. The anti-environmentalists believed that social and economic heath and progress were necessary. Today The situation has changed from the early days of modern environmentalism. Public opinion polls show that people around the world rank the environment among the most important social and political issues. No longer is there a need to verify that the environmental problems are severe. Complete the rest of the worksheet based on the example above. Remember to be thorough in your answers and write in complete sentences. Water Management Describe Water Management and Use Freshwater sources are ground water...
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...Tourette's syndrome is a neurological disorder, which involves involuntary body movements or Tics. There are two types of Tics, motor/physical and vocal. This paper will cover many aspects of Tourette's syndrome; including the history of the disease, the discovered of the disease, the genetics involved with the disorder, the diagnosis of the disease, and the effects of the disease on families. George Gils de la Tourette's a French doctor and biologist discovered Tourette's syndrome in 1885 (Landau 21). He was observing patients with unexplained repetitive movements and could not find any preexisting condition that would cause these symptoms. After extensive research he concluded that this disorder had not been documented before, so he named it Tourette's syndrome, after himself. Tourette’s syndrome is a neurological disorder; it is inherited from a parent’s dominant gene, causing different symptoms among different family members. It is not known on which chromosome the disease is located. There is a 50% chance that one will pass this trait on to his/her offspring with each pregnancy (Shimberg 64). There is no prenatal testing that can be done before a child is born to determine if the child has the disease. Unlike other genetic disorders or disease Tourette's is not in the blood. Therefore testing will not give any indication of whether or not a child will develop Tourette's. Cases of the disease show males are burden with the disease three to four times more often then...
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