...efficiency and economic viability of rearing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerlings and juveniles A. Z. Aderolu*, B. M. Seriki, A. L. Apatira and C. U. Ajaegbo Aquaculture Nutrition Unit, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria. Accepted 16 December, 2009 Feeding frequency effect on growth performance, feed utilization and economic viability of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings and juveniles were studied under natural photoperiods of 12/12 h light/dark cycle using a complete random design. Triplicate group of 10 fish with an initial mean weight of 8.5 ± 0.1 g and 34.3 ± 0.1 g respectively per tank (measuring 52 x 33.5 x 21 cm). A commercial feed (COPPENS) with crude protein of 42% and ether extract 12% was fed for 8 weeks over four feeding frequencies studied (once, twice, thrice and four times). Mean weight gain, relative growth rate and the specific growth rate were all significantly different (P < 0.05) across feeding levels except at thrice and four times feeding levels. The feed conversion ratio was lowest on three times a day feeding level both for the juvenile and fingerling (0.66 and 0.73, respectively). Although net profit value, in both juvenile and fingerling group are not significantly different, the investment cost analysis and the gross profit between fish fed thrice and four times are equally not significantly (P > 0.05) different. The results of this experiment, both at the juvenile...
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...Noram Foods was considering the impact of changing their package weight standards They are considering kind of trade-off between two policies: 1st Company current policy on weight control: At least 95 per cent of all packaged net weights shipped will be above the stated net weight 2nd Country legalization: “catch weight product” means a product that because of its nature cannot normally be portioned to a predetermined quantity and is, as a result, usually sold in packages of varying quantity -We believe that a more accurate control policy could reduce costs for Noram foods but we must insure net weight does not fall bellow stated amount - Let’s go through the case to see how we can achieve the previous mentioned statement COMPANY BACKGROUND “The head office of Noram International was located in New York. Head office control was primarily financial, as part of Noram’s success was based on giving international units a large amount of local autonomy. Moreover, food tended to be subject to specific and different legislation in each country in which Noram produced its products.” • We consider this as the primary company policy for Noram foods world wide Operation for Pre-Cooked Baby Cereals: Concentrate on a specific product line they choose pre-cooked baby cereals in which unit size and weight were small and uniform. As a result it is not difficult to control “Typically, the machine was allowed to continue if the condition was...
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...This Story of Mine It all started when I was in eighth grade weighing 120 pounds and four feet nine inches tall. During my eighth grade year, I dated a guy who was skinny to the bones. He had no fat nor did he have muscles; he was pretty much a stick. On the other hand, I had a chubby round face with wide fat hips; and let’s just say, a bunch of fat hanging in between. I always thought to myself that I wanted to be skinny so I’ll look good standing next to him. He always told me that I was fat and I would look prettier if I was skinny. I starting thinking and finally came to a conclusion. That was, to break up with him and I did; I was a lot happier, stronger, and more confident. But from then on, I kept his words. For someone who didn’t love me for who I truly was, I decided to transform myself into a different person. Later on, I realized that not only is appearance what matters, but it’s what’s inside that matters the most. When summer began, I started working out every single day and night; I pushed myself really hard for I wanted to look pretty faster. Then, my hard work finally paid off! I lost 20 pounds at the end of my freshman year and weighed 100 pounds with the height of five feet two inches. I was anorexic for three years and never went bulimic; however, I had always thought of becoming bulimic but I was too scared of the causes. I started starving myself, eating less than one meal a day, and drank Special K’s protein drinks. I also exercised every day during the...
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...pounds, four bottles of water that weight 4.8 pounds in total, and finally one water purifier that weighs .2 pounds. I need about 1,500 calories per day, however the situation I would be put in would need me to ration the 9,770 calories. I would also keep in mind that I can trade the Clif Bars in return for something that is vital to my health. I normally drink two bottles of water per day, so I would only drink water when it's extremely necessary. I would...
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...Receiving The Receiving Control Point The receiving function is critical because at this control point ownership of the products is transferred from the supplier or vendor to the operation. Receiving comes into focus after the menu has been planned and the products dictated by the menu have been purchased. The objectives of the receiving function include inspecting deliveries to evaluate the quality and determine the Quantity of the products, checking prices, and arriving at an accept or reject decision. In reality, receiving practices range from carefully checking each item delivered to allowing the supplier's truck driver to put the order away and the manager simply signing the invoice. However, from a control standpoint, the former method is certainly preferable to the latter one. A carefully planned menu and skillful purchasing are useless if the operation accepts inferior products. Conversely, good receiving techniques can maximize the results of the other control points. Receiving success requires competent personnel, proper equipment, adequate receiving facilities, established receiving hours, and several types of receiving control forms. Receiving and Personnel The number of persons working at the receiving control point varies among food service operations. The major determining factor is the size of the operation and its annual sales volume. In a relatively small operation, the manager or the assistant manager is usually in charge of receiving. In a larger operation...
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...Measuring Service Quality Using SERVQUAL |Introduction |Measuring the quality of a service can be a very difficult exercise. Unlike product where there | | |are specific specifications such as length, depth, width, weight, colour etc. a service can have| | |numerous intangible or qualitative specifications. In addition there is there expectation of the| | |customer with regards the service, which can vary considerably based on a range of factors such | | |as prior experience, personal needs and what other people may have told them. | |SERVQUAL – a methodology for |As a way of trying to measure service quality, researchers have developed a methodology known as| |measuring service quality |SERVQUAL – a perceived service quality questionnaire survey methodology. SERVQUAL examines five | | |dimensions of service quality: | | |Reliability | | |Responsiveness | | |Assurance; ...
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...moon is 0 m/s2, and the acceleration on Earth is 9.8 m/s2 and on the moon its 1.6 m/s2,, we can determine the velocity on Earth. This value for the velocity will be the same on both the Earth and the moon therefore we have enough information to determine the displacement on the moon. The Olympic record for the women’s high jump on the Earth is 2.06 meters and the Olympic record for the women’s high jump on the moon would be 12.6175 meters. WEIGHTLIFTING When the Olympics are held on the moon and the weightlifting event takes place, the results on the moon will be better than the results on the Earth. This is due to the fact that even though the mass of the weights is going to be the same on both the Earth and the moon, the weights will be different. Because of the force of gravity will be less on the moon, the weights will seem lighter than they really are on the moon. Because we know the gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s2 and the women’s record for weightlifting is 97.5 kilograms, we can from there determine the amount of force the...
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... These sports figures that I mentioned have been named as greats in their perspective sport and they did not get there by just talent alone. As I was growing up playing football, I wanted to be just like Walter Payton. The moves that he would perform on the football field week in and week out were amazing to my eyes and wanted to be just like him. Walter Payton had the total package; he had the moves, the strength and the speed to make defenders miss or he was able to just run right through a defender or outrun anyone trying to chase him down. He was just pure poetry on the football field. I was a good sized young football player up until the age of 13 when I stopped growing. I had the strength, because of doing push-ups and lifting weights, while my moves were also great because I practiced them every week. The only problem that I had left was becoming a faster back like Walter Payton. I have tried many different ways to get faster and faster, but nothing seemed to work the way that I would have liked it to work. My 40 yard dash time was steady at a 4.75sec. In order for me to be effective and use my speed as I got older I would need to get my 40 yard dash time down to a 4.5sec or lower. I have done exercise after exercise, I even signed up for Track and...
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...Louise Mallard to achieve personal freedom—either she or her husband must die. Having no personal freedom, the only way Mrs. Mallard could express her lack of freedom through a physical illness. Someone can choose to die, in a moment, as an escape to freedom. Mrs. Mallard’s death was a result of her loss of the freedom she had, when she supposed Mr. Mallard dead. Upon hearing the news of her husband’s death, Mrs. Mallard lets out a brief cry. Then she quickly retreats to her room where time seems to slow. The choice of words used by Chopin “sank”, “pressed down”, “roomy armchair”, “haunted her body” pulls us to empathize with her life which sounds, heavy and burdensome, and it’s been this way for a long time. They weight is not the weight of her loss, it is the weight of her life. As, Mrs. Mallard sits in her chair, She views nature and life going on outside her window. She sees and experiences freedom, a contradiction to her life with Mr. Mallard She begins to realize that Tension grow as she is sitting in the chair and at the same time being pulled out of it; There is something coming towards her that she would have to fight off. However, she accepts this something, which is her new freedom from her marriage, the thing that was exhausting her life weighing her down. While, Mrs. Mallard would “weep again” when she saw her husband in his casket, the burden of her life with him was clear. She hints at his cruelty, his “powerful will bending hers with a blind persistence” ...
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...= 0.9394 2.17 The value of k in : / Die waarde van k in: P( Z > k) = 0.0823 2.18 The value of k in: / Die waarde van k in: P( Z < k) = 0.0618 3. A luxury passenger liner has 500 passengers on board whose ages are normally distributed around a mean of 60 years with a standard deviation of 12 years. / ’n Luukse passasierskip het 500 passasiers aan boord. Hul ouderdomme word normal verdeel om ‘n gemiddelde van 60 Jaar heen, met ‘n standaardafwyking van 12 jaar. 3.1 How many of the passengers are between 45 and 78 years old? / Hoeveel van die passasiers is tussen 45 en 78 jaar oud? 3.2 What is the minimum age of the oldest 20% of passengers? / Wat is die minimum ouderdom van die oudste 20% van die passasiers? 4. The weight of certain population of young females is approximately normally distributed with the mean of 66 kg and a standard deviation of 7.5 kg. If an individual is...
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...AND RESULTS Diagram A Diagram B (Computation of the distance of F2) 48 cm = center T1= (F1) (d1) = (0.1kg) (9.8 m/s²) (0.38m) = 0.37 N-m T2= (F2) (d2) = (0.2kg) (9.8m/s²) (0.19m) = 0.37 N-m Torque 1 and Torque 2 are equal. Therefore, we are mathematically correct in diagram B. Diagram C (Computation of the weight of meter stick) T1= (F1) (d1) = (0.1kg) (9.8m/s²) (0.15m) = 0.147 N-m or 0.15 N-m T2= (F2) (d2) = (0.2kg) (9.8m/s²) (0.12m) = 0.2352 N-m or 0.24 N-m Torque 1 and 2 are not equal in mathematical method. Therefore, there were errors in balancing the two loads. APPLICATIONS A. Explain the condition below 1. It is much easier to carry a weight in your hand when your arm is at your side than it is when your arm is stretching out in front of you. Use the concept of torque to explain this effect. * When your arm is stretching out in front of you, any weight force exerted on your hand is at right angle to the lever arm between your shoulder and hand and produces a large torque above your shoulder. On the other hand, when your arm is at your side, any weight force exerted on your hand is directed away from your shoulder and produces no torque above your shoulder. B. Analyze the following situations. Show a diagram of the torque in each problem. Box your final answer. 1. A 15-kg child and a 25-kg child at ends of a 4m seesaw pivoted at its center. Where should a third child of 10 kg sit...
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...Lapodium Logistics Int’l Inc. Room 601, Roman Santos Bldg., Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Metro Manila1003 Philippines November 26, 2013 ASSAM Corp. Unit 1204, 139 Corporate Center Valero St. Salcedo Village Makati City . Attention: Mr. Jake Tansanco Subject: Standard FCL Quotation (1x20’ or 1x40’) Dear Sir: We would like to inform you the following charges: From Customs to Delivery |Measurement: Gross Weight : | |Duties, Taxes & Other Charges | |As per Computation | |Brokerage Fee with Vat | |As per CAO 1-2001 | |Processing | |1,000.00 | |Documentation | |500.00 | |Releasing | |500.00 | |Handling | |500.00 | ...
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...1 landlords having NRI connections and good education level. | Aspirations for matching the social status at par with NRI relatives. Need Rugged car along with Luxary for rural roads. | 6.25 | Segment 4 | Living in Bombay | Age 25 - 40 year | Successful TV/Movie actors | Having a requirement of stylish expensive car to match the standards of their public image | 4.85 | Assumptions * Car is best in class engineering. * Car has best looks in luxury segment. Selected Segment attractiveness factors 1. Potential segment size 2. growth potential 3. Profit potential 4. Competitive intensity 5. Cyclicality Weighting segment attractiveness factors Segmemt attractiveness factors | Weight | Volume growth potential | 30 | Profit Potential | 25 | Potential segment size | 20 | Competitive intensity | 15 | Cyclicality | 10 | Total | 100 | Parameters and their scores for segment attractiveness factors | Parameters | Parameters | Parameters | Segment Attractiveness factors | High (10-7) | Medium (6-4) | Low (3-0) | Volume growth potential | Industry Avg + 3 % |...
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...limit it to just the total or average Perception score. This is called SERVPERF and is used when Expectations are likely to be all the same (typically high). Weights can be applied here as well. STEPS TO OBTAIN UNWEIGHTED SERVQUAL SCORE Step 1. Select a business the service quality of which you want to assess. Using the SERVQUAL instrument, first obtain the score for each of the 22 expectation questions. Next, obtain a core for each of the perception questions. Calculate the Gap Score each of the statements (Gap Score = Perception – Expectation). Step 2. Obtain an average Gap Score for each dimension by assessing the Gap Scores for each of the statements that constitute the dimension and dividing the sum by the number of statements making up the dimension. Step 3. In TABLE 1 transfer the average dimension SERVQUAL scores (for all five dimensions) from the SERVQUAL instrument. Sum up the scores and divide it by five to obtain the unweighted measure of service quality. STEPS TO OBTAIN THE WEIGHTED SERVQUAL SCORE Step 1. In Table 2 calculate the importance weights for each of the five dimensions constituting the SERVQUAL scale. (The instructions are provided along with the table). Step 2. In Table 3 enter the average SERVQUAL score for each dimension (from Table 1) and the importance weight for each dimension (from Table 2). Then...
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....5 | 2 | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 21.5 | | 3 | Potato SeedCenter | 4 | .8 | 3.2 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 3 | .8 | 2.4 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 32.3 | | 4 | Restaurant (Male) | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 3 | .8 | 2.4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 29.8 | | 5 | AgriculturalTechnologyRentals | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .5 | 2 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 3 | .7 | 2.1 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 21.5 | | Legend: Rating: Criterion: R-Rating 5- Excellent A- Market Availability 4- Very Satisfactory B- Raw Material Availability W- Weight 3-Satisfactory C-Technology Availability 2-Fair D-Skills Availability WS- Weighted Score 1-Poor E-Government F-Strategic Fit G-Ease of Implementation H-Risk of Exposure I-Profitability...
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