Premium Essay

Davis Study Guide Chapter 2

In: Business and Management

Submitted By Brooks41172
Words 6657
Pages 27
Chapter 2
-------------------------------------------------
COST BEHAVIOR and COST ESTIMATION

------------------------------------------------- LEARNING UNIT OBJECTIVES After studying Unit 2.1, you should be able to: * Identify basic cost behavior patterns and explain how changes in activity level affect total cost and unit cost. After studying Unit 2.2, you should be able to: * Estimate a cost equation from a set of cost data and predict future total cost from that equation. After studying Unit 2.3, you should be able to: * Prepare a contribution format income statement.

-------------------------------------------------
PREVIEW OF CHAPTER 2

While GAAP-based income statements are required for external financial reporting, they are not very useful for internal decision making because expenses are categorized based on business function. Unit 2.1 explains why it is important for managers to understand cost behavior and how various types of costs behave. Unit 2.2 explains cost estimation and the methods of estimating costs. Unit 3 explains the contribution margin, contribution margin ratio, the contribution margin income statement, and how changes in costs affect operating income.

The content and organization of this chapter are as follows:

Cost Behavior and Cost Estimation | Unit 1 – Cost Behavior Patterns | Unit 2 – Cost Estimation | Unit 3 – Contribution Margin Analysis | * Variable costs * Fixed costs * Discretionary versus committed fixed costs * Step costs * Mixed costs | * Cost and volume relationships * High-low method * Scattergraphs * Companions of cost estimation methods * Relevant range | * Contribution margin * Contribution margin per unit * Contribution margin ratio * Contribution margin income statement * Effect on operating income when selling

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Iunno

...Harvard UWS Referencing Style Guide Overview         Referencing Intellectual honesty and plagiarism About the Harvard UWS style In-text citation: Referencing sources within the text Reference list Electronic items Referencing secondary sources Different works of the same author and same year Books, book chapters and brochures      Single author Two or three authors Four to six authors     Corporate author / authoring body Edited book Chapter or article in book  Other materials        Acts of Parliament (includes bills) Australian Bureau of Statistics Brochure Government report    Legal authorities (cases) Microfiche / microfilm document Patent/ Trademark (electronic database) Podcast (from the Internet) Government report (online) Image on the Internet Lecture (unpublished) / personal communication E-book Seven or more authors No author (incl. dictionary or encyclopaedia) Chapter or article in an edited book         Standard Study guide Thesis / dissertation Tutorial / lecture handout Video recording, television program or audio recording Video or audio (from the Internet) Web page / document on the Internet Journal articles, newspaper articles and conference papers          Journal article (print version) Journal article (full-text from electronic database) Newspaper article (available in print) ...

Words: 4767 - Pages: 20

Free Essay

Mr Gcb

...i THE CONSUMER’S BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TOWARD E-TICKETING SYSTEM OF GOLDEN SCREEN CINEMA (GSC) IN MELAKA SHAFINAZ NADIA BINTI MOHD MOTTASIR Report submitted in partial fulfillment for the Bachelor of Technology Management (High Technology Marketing) FAKULTI PENGURUSAN TEKNOLOGI & TEKNOUSAHAWAN UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA ii VERIFICATION “I hereby declare that I have read this thesis and in my opinion this thesis is sufficient in terms of scope and quality for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology Management (High Technology Marketing) Signature: Name of Supervisor: Madam Azrina Binti Othman Date: Signature: Name of Panel Supervisor: Dr. Norfaridatul Akmaliah Binti Othman Date: iii CONFESSION “Hereby, I declare that this thesis entitled “The Consumer’s Behavioral Intention Towards e-Ticketing of Golden Screen Cinema (GSC) in Melaka” is the result of my own research except as cited in the reference. The thesis has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature of other degree. Signature: …………………………………… Name : Shafinaz Nadia Binti Mohd Mottasir Date : …………………………………… iv DEDICATION I learn patience, perseverance and dedication. Now I really know myself, and I know my voice. It’s a voice of pain and victory. To my beloved Mom and Dad, My siblings, My lecturers, My friends, Those who have helped me during my rough time, Helped shape me into what I’ve...

Words: 4232 - Pages: 17

Premium Essay

Pol303

...Study smarter with the Course Hero app.Get the App Course Hero logo Study Resources By School By Subject By Standardized Tests By Book Tutors Get Homework Help My Questions About Tutors Become a Tutor Flashcards My Flashcards Find Flashcards Create Flashcards About Flashcards Sharing Upload Documents Create Q&As Balthesar My Dashboard My Account Invite & Earn Logout Sibille_W2.docx - Running Head: FREE SPEECH 1 Free Speech... Home Ashford University POL POL 303 Sibille_W2.docx Download Document1 - 3 of 7 This preview has blurred sections. Upgrade to View Full Document Running Head: FREE SPEECH 1 Free Speech Name: Allana Sibille POL303: The American Constitution Professor: Erin Olsen Telles September 18 th , 2015 Background image of page 1 FREE SPEECH 2 Free Speech According to the United States Bill of Rights, under the First Amendment, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise of thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peacefully to assemble, and to petition the Government for redress of grievances (ACLU, 2015). This is the American idea of what free speech is but it is entirely different. A modern misconception of free speech is that it’s not entirely free; state rulings on free speech issues whether stemming from the federal or state constitutions, are not included and they may come out differently (Winkler, 2009). According to Mahaffey...

Words: 1105 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Xxkkjkk

...2008 FRM® Examination  Study Guide  Topic Outline, Readings, Test Weightings    The Study Guide sets forth primary topics and subtopics under the five risk‐related disciplines covered in the FRM exam.  The  topics  were  selected  by  the  FRM  Committee  as  topics  that  risk  managers  who  work  in  practice  today  have  to  master. The topics are reviewed yearly to ensure the FRM exam is kept timely and relevant.    FRM Examination Approach  The FRM exam is a practice‐oriented examination. Its questions are derived from a combination of theory, as set forth in  the readings, and “real‐world” work experience. Candidates are expected to understand risk management concepts and  approaches and how they would apply to a risk manager’s day‐to‐day activities.  The FRM examination is also a comprehensive examination, testing a risk professional on a number of risk management  concepts and approaches. It is very rare that a risk manager will be faced with an issue that can immediately be slotted  into one category. In the real world, a risk manager must be able to identify any number of risk‐related issues and be  able to deal with them effectively.    Readings  Questions for the FRM examination are derived from the readings listed under each topic outline.  These readings were  selected by the FRM Committee to assist candidates in their review of the subjects covered by the exam. It is strongly  suggested that candidates review these readings in depth prior to sitting for the exam...

Words: 2523 - Pages: 11

Free Essay

An Investigation Into the Adoption of Digital Tv

...0 Student name 0 Bongane Brian Mabaso 0 Master of Science (MTM) 0 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, 0 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, 0 UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA 0 09 April 2012 0 Table of Contents 1 Abstract i Acknowledgements ii List of Figures iii List of Tables iv List of Acronymns/Definitions/Abbreviations v 1. Background to the research study 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.1.1. Advantages of Terrestrial Microwave over Satellite 2 1.1.2. Digital Terrestrial Television value chain 4 1.1.3. Benefits of Digital Terrestrial Television to the consumer 5 1.1.4. Benefits of Digital Terrestrial Television to the broadcaster 5 1.1.5. Public broadcaster’s commercial activities 6 1.1.8 International Public Broadcasters 7 1.2. Historical development and current state of the industry 8 1.3 Technology standards (DVB-T set top boxes) 9 1.4 Research problem 11 1.5 Rationale for the study 11 1.6 Research objectives and/or research question/s 11 1.6.1 Problem statement 11 1.6.2 Research objectives 11 1.6.3 Research questions 12 1.6.4 Research hypotheses 12 1.7 Key attributes of the desired theory and derived models or methods 12 1.7.1...

Words: 9146 - Pages: 37

Free Essay

Medical Research Female Systems

...Brandon Davis Anthem College Medical Assisting DEcember, 2013 Menopause Menopause (626.0) is by definition the cessation of menstruation and fertility, after, (1) year of amenorrhea (626.0) (Buck, 2012) from the menstrual cycle. The average according too, some statics women in the United States begin around 8 - 12 years of transition (Goldman, 2000) (Buck, 2012).Menopause is a natural female biological process (628.0). Some studies have shown that due to changes combined in the atrophic endothelial site in the vaginal region have shown changes characterized by thinning of the endometrial endothelium, decrease ability to produce lubrication with sexual arousal. This reduced sexual drive (799.81). The condition that happens as a result of menopause (626.0) is, associated with dyspareunia (306.5) (Buck, 2012). For some the decreased circulation of blood flow to the vagina can also, be responsible for loss of secretions. Some of the various symptoms of menopause (626.0) can range from, physical to emotional. Such as, a roller coaster of emotions feeling sadness and loss regarding no longer is being able to reproduce. (http://www.webmd.com/menopause/guide/menopause-symptoms-types) In the beginning (626.1), irregular menstrual cycles, vaginal dryness, night sweats, and weight gain with slowed metabolism (627.2) http://www.mayoclinic.org/medical-edge-newspaper-2013/jan-04b.html) (Buck, 2012). Studies have shown that, certain anti-depressants in the class of selective...

Words: 957 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Aple

...Harvard Referencing Guide Contents Acknowledging Sources................................................................................................................................................. 1 Variations in Referencing Styles within the Australian School of Business .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Using footnotes with in-text referencing How to Create a Reference List using a Harvard Style of Referencing ...................................................................... 1 Steps Involved in Referencing ....................................................................................................................................... 2 How to Cite References within the Text of an Assignment ......................................................................................... 2 Authors with the same surname and same publication year……………………………………………………………………2 Works with no author ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Multiple authors ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 For a work that has more than three authors ....................................................................

Words: 6345 - Pages: 26

Premium Essay

Havard Referencing Guide

...Australian School of Business Harvard Referencing Guide Contents Acknowledging Sources................................................................................................................................................. 1 Variations in Referencing Styles within the Australian School of Business .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Using footnotes with in-text referencing How to Create a Reference List using a Harvard Style of Referencing ...................................................................... 1 Steps Involved in Referencing ....................................................................................................................................... 2 How to Cite References within the Text of an Assignment ......................................................................................... 2 Authors with the same surname and same publication year……………………………………………………………………2 Works with no author......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Multiple authors ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 For a work that has more than three authors ......................................

Words: 6349 - Pages: 26

Premium Essay

Employee Productivity and Job Satisfaction

...Employee productivity and job Satisfaction Research Project MSA 699 Sabrina Foster Central Michigan University Table of Contents Pages Number List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1 Problem Definition 3 Chapter 2 Literature Review 6 Chapter 3 Research methodology 11 References 15 Appendix A Survey instructions 17 Survey/Interview Questions Chapter 1 Problem Definition Background Express is a fashion forward retail store with multiple locations worldwide. A unique fashion powerhouse selling both men and women clothing with over 30 years experience. (Express.com, 2014) “Express is not about a single point in time, but rather a spirit energy, and a belief that we can and will be the best retail fashion brand in the world” says Chairman and CEO Michael Weiss. (Express.com, 2014) Express associated with Limited brands, which are responsible for stores such as Bath and body works, Victoria’s Secret and The Limited. (Express.com, 2014) Leaving them with a rich brand history of success. The company has values they follow which have contributed to its success. These values are; do the right thing and do things right, begin and end with our customer in mind, passion with a purpose and performance matters. (Express.com, 2014) Employees working at Express are exceptional at creating a shopping experience similar to dining at a five star restaurant. From...

Words: 3112 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Science

...covered includes the philosophical basis of science and knowledge, the structure and development of theory, qualitative and quantitative research methods, theory and research critique, and the application of theory and research in advanced nursing practice. It delineates research competencies for advanced practice nurses. The course encompasses critique of studies, application of research findings to practice (research utilization) and evaluation of outcomes attributable to advanced practice nursing. Ethical considerations related to research are integrated throughout the course. COURSE OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: 1. Understand the relationship between theory, research, and practice. 2. Critique and evaluate theoretical perspectives and research methods used to address clinical problems. 3. Understand qualitative and quantitative methodologies and their appropriateness to examining clinical phenomena in advanced nursing practice. 4. Evaluate the clinical applicability of selected theories from nursing and related fields in providing high quality nursing care. 5. Evaluate the clinical applicability of selected research studies and develop strategies for incorporating the findings into...

Words: 2233 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Mini Project

...SUPPARAMANIAM DATE: 10/05/2015 THE ROLE OF COMPUTER AND INTERNET ACCESS IN BUSINESS STUDENTS’ACCEPTANCE OF E-LEARNING TECHNOLOGY IN UniMAP By MOHANRAJ A/L SUPPARAMANIAM Research Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Research Methodology Requirement of the Degree of Master of Business Administration (MBA) UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS 2015 ABSTRACT This study was taking into account past research that explored the divergence or crevice between the individuals who have entry to PCs and the Internet and the individuals who don't( (Hoffman & Novak, 1998; NTIA, 1999b; Carey, Chisholm & Irwin, 2002; Vail, 2003 Zeliff, 2004; Glenn, 2005). The Technology Acceptance Model grew by Davis, Bagozzi, and Warshaw (1989) was utilized to explore whether PC and Internet access impacted the acknowledgement of e-learning innovation apparatuses, for example, Blackboard and the Internet. Of the studies led concerning reception of these innovations, a predetermined number have tended to the degree to which school understudies acknowledge these instruments. The dominant part of these studies neglected to consider PC access as a variable in regards to PC innovation acknowledgement. The E-Learning Technology...

Words: 18173 - Pages: 73

Premium Essay

Time Management and Responsibility

...Time Management and Responsibility Sarah J. Giamalva GEN/200 October 24th, 2011 David Kuntz Time Management and Responsibility Students with a family and a full-time job have a full plate. “Attending classes, studying, working a part-time job, participating in extra-curricular activities, and finding time for friends, family and yourself can be a hard schedule for college students to balance.” (Guide To Management For Graduate School Students”, 2011) The key to success is to properly manage ones time effectively to help create a balance between personal and educational responsibilities. For many people, family comes first, and spending time with loved ones is perhaps one of the most important and rewarding obligations they have. It is important to be actively involved in their lives on a daily basis and essential to keep up to date with what is going on in family member’s lives. As a full-time college student, finding a reasonable amount of time for family and friends can become challenging; however, there are some ways the family can contribute that can be beneficial to both the student and the family. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that men and women spend on average between two to three and a half hours a day on household activities, caring for and helping household members, and purchasing goods and services (bls.org). Consider delegating some household responsibilities to the children and spouse/partner. In the textbook Advancing Your Career: Concepts...

Words: 1013 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Information System Dissertation

...as a cloud). However, is this new paradigm simply a new term for something we are already doing or is it truly going to change the future of IT as we know it? This dissertation investigates the phenomenon commonly known as cloud computing, focussing closely on its impact on small and medium sized enterprises (SME’s), and ultimately attempts to assess the future of cloud computing. The research throughout this paper is based solely on secondary research. No primary research into the topic area has been made. In order to gain a broad view and understanding of the topic various existing papers and studies, on the topic of cloud computing and technology adoption within SME’s, have been studied and critiqued. Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 2 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Acronyms...

Words: 18031 - Pages: 73

Premium Essay

Corporate Goverance

...indispensable to the long-term success of the family business    nd peace in the controlling family, especially with succeeding generations. —a “…We have two options; there is no right or wrong decision, nor one that is better than the other. But whatever is to be done, will be definitive. There is no turning back. We can continue being a family business, like in my grandfather’s and father’s days, or become a professional company with a strong and clear capital market strategy.” —David Feffer, Suzano, Chairman of the Board, speaking to his relatives after his father’s death Practical Guide to Corporate Governance 121 Family Business Challenges Chapter 5 Governance Challenges for Family-Owned Businesses F amily-owned or controlled companies are the leading form of business organization in Latin American countries, even among large listed companies: one recent study from Brazil...

Words: 9157 - Pages: 37

Premium Essay

None

...that are indispensable to learning Study Skills for Nursing Students These suggestions for study skills for nursing students came from nursing faculty and students. Use what you can and if you would like one-to-one guidance to refine your learning skills for nursing courses, call the Student Academic Resource Center at 8235130 and make an appointment with the learning skills counselor. From Sue Wickham, Academic Achievement Center Instructor at Des Moines Area Community College: “Although I haven't designed study skills workshops specifically for nursing students, I have worked extensively on an individual basis with students in our nursing program. What's helped me most in giving study skills advice has been reviewing tests with students to identify the sources of their errors. Based on those interactions, here are a few topics you should emphasize: 1. 2. Time management is a HUGE issue for nursing students. Many of them are parents (often single parents) holding down jobs with odd hours (they're likely to be CNAs). Study groups are an absolute necessity in this program. Students need to rehearse the material actively, honing their teamwork skills, and combine a little social life with academics. The standard suggestions for taking multiple choice tests (e.g. watch out for absolutes) don't go very far. Students need to be made aware of the importance of applying concepts to particular cases, not just memorizing definitions. As they study their texts, they should be alert for...

Words: 1790 - Pages: 8