...cell researcher who rose to fame however soon it was known that the data was fabricated and the papers were retracted.The general public wasnt affected by it however it does involve and time and money to replicate such results and which is never acheived. So it actually a fraud or a human error, the only difference between a fraud and an error is intention. It could be argued that is there any room for scientists to make errors and yes we all are capable of making errors, they can make errors too however they have the chance to correct such errors before publishing such data instead such papers do see the light of the day, a lot is dependent on these scientific researchers then why is the data tampered and results are achieved per the own needs, a research shouldn’t driven as per the needs of an individual or for any sector [1]. It is based on any actual data which may eventually lead to saving lives or aiming for a better world or better resources or a better environment. Driving factors for scientific frauds Science is a result driven discipline, a ‘Publish or Perish ‘environment which is like the survival of the fittest, where everything is data in facts, figures and tables. It could be an increase in competition to stand out, to publish the best journals, research which atleast looks like a breakthrough and the rewards associated with this are also high as compared to the research budgets [2]. The data that is published in such frauds is...
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...pick it up with bare hands. * Sweep the glass into a dustpan and place in broken glass bucket. * Be careful when pouring acid or base. * If any is spilled on hands, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Materials * * Safety glasses * Tap water * Masking tape * Precision scale * Pen/pencil & paper * Egg * Buret * Buret clamp * Retort stand * 3 Erlenmeyer flasks * 10 mL graduated cylinder * Wash bottle * Distilled water * 3 Beakers * 250 mL beaker for base * 100 mL beaker for acid * 500 mL beaker for waste * Ethanol * Phenolphthalein * Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) * Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) * Hot plate * Hot hands * Scoopula * Break the egg, and get rid of the yolk and egg whites into a large beaker. Break the egg, and get rid of the yolk and egg whites into a large beaker. Wash the shell with tap water and peel off the membranes with your fingers. Wash the shell with tap water and peel off the membranes with your fingers. Pat dry with paper towel and allow the shells to dry for a few days. Pat dry with paper towel and allow the shells to dry for a few days. Crush the shells to a fine powder with a mortar and pestle. Crush the shells to a fine powder with a mortar and pestle. Procedure—Prelab Procedure—Prelab Weigh between 0.450g and 0.550g of dried shell into each Erlenmeyer flask. Weigh between 0.450g and 0.550g of dried shell into...
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...DETERMINING EFFECTIVESS OF DELTAMETHRIN AND CARBOSULFAN, AND THEIR SYNERGIST EFFECT IN CONTROL OF MOSQUITOES BY OCHIENG’ JAMES WYCLIFFE S12/21157/12 A research proposal submitted to the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Science & Technology of Egerton University. EGERTON UNIVERSITY 2015 DECLARATION I, Ochieng’ James Wycliffe, hereby declare that this proposal is my original work and has not been presented for award of a degree in any other university. Candidate: Sign ……………………………… Date……………………………….. …. RECOMMENDATION Supervisors: This proposal has been submitted for examination with my approval as supervisor Dr. Vincent Adunga, Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology, Egerton University. Sign: …………………………………………Date: …………………………………… ABSTRACT The development and spread of insecticide resistance in the population of Anophene species, a major vector of malaria in Kenya, presents a serious threat to the progress made in malaria control interventions. This has significantly contributed to negative gains in eradication of mosquito population that spread malaria hence increased cases of deaths due to the disease. With this resistance to insecticides on the rise, surveillance of the target population for optimal choice of insecticides is a necessity. The objective of this study is thus to assess the level of insecticides...
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...or not using insulin properly. Complications from uncontrolled diabetes can result in devastating effects on almost every system in the body. Diabetes is so prevalent that the disease has become a national health objective in the Healthy People 2020 agenda. In 2010 North Carolina had approximately 700,000 adults with a diagnosis of diabetes (North Carolina Division of Public Health, 2011). The unfortunate reality is that approximately one-third of the people in North Carolina have not yet been diagnosed and the screening test, a simple blood test, has only been utilized by approximately 60% of North Carolinians (North Carolina Division of Public Health, 2011). Diabetes is a very costly disease and plays havoc on a person’s body. In this paper the subject of discussion is the public health issue of diabetes and its effect on the communities and population of North Carolina. Diabetes and Healthy People 2020 Healthy people 2020 continues the three decades old national program that is scientifically based and identifies national goals and objective that span over a 10 year period (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Healthy People work to improve health, health promotion, and disease prevention for everyone in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). The benchmarks that Healthy People has put into place have identified national health improvement priorities but also worked to increase the public’s awareness and education of risk factors...
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...indirectly, everything in the environment is connected and affected by each other. Silent Spring describes, in depth, the harmful effects that chemical control has placed on all components of the environment. They include: air, water, land, wildlife, plant life, and humans. I will discuss each of these categories as examined in Silent Spring along with my personal analysis. First I will discuss the damage from chemicals released in the air. Aerial spraying of pesticides, mostly DDT, began on a small scale over farms and forests. With the development of new insecticides and the availability of planes from the war, the sky almost literally turned into a shower of toxic chemicals. The justification behind the massive sprayings of the 1950âs was to exterminate exotic species like the fire ant, and the gypsy moth. The spraying was extremely careless, and resulted in heavily populated towns and cities repeatedly being sprayed with DDT (Carson, 1962). Unfortunately, people and wildlife sprayed with DDT along with other chemicals had no warnings and no way to protect them. The government, without consent of those affected, risked the health of those exposed...
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...another. That is not the point. Many scholarly sources for example, are likely to provide you with arguments that you will use for both sides of your controversy. While you don’t have to worry about choosing the same number of “for” articles and “against” articles, it is important to make sure you have a balanced number of arguments for each side of your debate. Finally, you also don’t need to separate your popular and scholarly sources as they are likely to examine similar issues. You don’t want to be repetitive when describing various arguments, so think about a way of effectively organizing the arguments you will presenting. Your paper is essentially going to be divided in two parts. The first part will be about describing the arguments on either side of the debate. I call this the descriptive component of your paper. The second part of your paper is the analysis. You will be analyzing two things. First, I want you to compare and contrast how your topic is presented in scholarly versus popular media. Think of areas like language (simple versus complex), use of references, and length of article as a starting point for your analysis. Make sure to use examples in your analysis. For instance, if you tell me that scholarly sources are harder to understand than popular ones because of language, provide an example of this from your own sources. The other thing I want you to analyze is how your topic relates to any one or two of our course themes and/or theories. This is unit one material...
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...INTRODUCTION Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the Earth's rocky surface. The organic portion, which is derived from the decayed remains of plants and animals, is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil. The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments, was formed over thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are necessary for agriculture to supply the world with sufficient food. A soil pollutant is any factor which deteriorates the quality, texture and mineral content of the soil or which disturbs the biological balance of the organisms in the soil. Pollution in soil has adverse effect on plant growth. The introduction of substances, biological organisms, or energy into the soil, resulting in a change of the soil quality, which is likely to affect the normal use of the soil or endangering public health and the living environment. Soil contaminants are spilled onto the surface through many different activities. Most of these are the result of accidents involving the vehicles that are transporting waste material from site of origin to a disposal site. Soil pollution is particularly dangerous for the environment and our health because soil, either in the mountains or in the plains, contains the largest part of the water we drink and produces all the food we need. There are many types of soil pollution...
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...Name: C.T.B. Assignment: “Our Stolen Future” Date: 12/03/2012 The Book “Our Stolen Future” is considered to be a sequel of “Silent Spring“, a Rachel’s Carson classic work, a clarion call to protect the American public from manmade synthetic pesticides that cause genetic mutations and cancer. Carson not only described how persistent chemicals were contaminating the natural world, she documented how those chemicals where accumulated into our bodies. Since then, studies of human breast milk and body fat have confirmed the extent of our exposure. Human beings in such remote locations as Canada’s far northern Baffin Island now carry traces of persistent chemicals in their bodies, including notorious compounds as PCBs, DDT and dioxin. Even worse, in the womb and through breast milk, mothers pass this chemical legacy on to the next generation. “Our Stolen Future”, the scientific discovery of Theo Colborn, Dianne Dumanoski and John Peterson Myers, takes up where Carson left off and reviews a large and growing body of scientific evidence, linking synthetic chemicals to aberrant sexual development and behavioral and reproductive problems, such as low sperm counts, infertility, genital deformities, hormonally triggered human cancers, like those of breast and prostate gland, neurological disorders in children such as hyperactivity and deficits in attention. The quality of men's sperm declined steadily in the early years of the 21st century until hardly anyone could reproduce in...
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...Leona Razdrih 9/23/2013 MONSANTO I chose to write about Monsanto, they are a company who has sued and have been sued. I thought I would pick out and would choose one major lawsuit and write about that in my final paper. Now, I am going to give you a brief summary of the history of the company. Monsanto was founded by John Francis Queenie in 1901, in St. Louis Missouri. He named the company after his wifes Maiden name Monsanto , John was a 30 year veteran in the pharmaceutical business. He invented quite a few things One of his first products was artificial sweetener called saccharin. That was sold to Coca-Cola. By the 1940’s the company was a major producer of plastics which included polystyrene and synthetic fibers. The scientists from Monsanto had a breakthrough research on catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation and they were the first company to mass produce LED lights. Monsanto Company is headquartered in Missouri. It is a leading producer of genetically Engineered seed and the herbicide glyphosate, which is marketed under the brand name of Round-up. This is what I’m generally concerned about, I use this product Roundup for my weeds and have heard that glyphosate is safe and non-toxic, from the research I have been doing that’s not the case. Glyphosate is an active ingredient in some common herbicides used in farming and gardening. This chemical is sprayed on the roadside when people are driving, schoolyards and sports Fields, exposing kids...
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...Mo Yi Lam BISC_102 Professor Kiefer Nov 30th, 2010 Final Paper (Summary of Endangered Species Act) Endangered Species Act “What is an endangered species?” is a question that needs to be addressed before getting known of endangered species act. An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct due to three possible reasons: it is few in numbers. According to the theory of Exponential Growth Curve proposed by Malthus, a lower population tends to have a lower reproductive rate and thus a higher risk of going extinct; or a species is threatened by changing environment. A species which fail to adapt a new environment by means such as mutation which creates new “fitting” genes tends to have a higher risk of going extinct; or it is affected predation parameters. In a community, defined as a group of interacting organisms sharing a populated environment, the population of a species is highly dependent on one another. If the predator population of a species is high, this can limit its reproductive rate and thus the population growth. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization which “helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges.” (IUCN “About IUCN”)According to one of its reports, the endangered species is 40% of all organisms, which has reached the stage of alarm that endangered species conservation policies must be implemented in no time. ...
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...Text Set Introduction Jeff Utegg After reading The Giver and The Hunger Games, we were set out on the task to find a common theme. In an ideal situation, teachers would be able to embellish on these young adult books by supporting them with supplemental sources. Through the use of newspaper articles, magazines, picture books, videos, trailers and clips, and electronics our tenth grade English class will explore and discover the theme; dystopia paired with defiance. Dystopia literally means “ bad uptopia”. According to the MerriamWebster dictionary, dystopia is defined as “an imaginary place where people lead dehumanized and often fearful lives”. Unlike utopia, where a society is perceived to be a perfect place to reside, dystopia differs in that what is “perfect” often causes an undesirable place to live. Having students be able to understand these complex themes in addition to the “on the surface” themes that exist within this young adult literature would ensure a deeper meaning/understanding of the text for them. In addition, being able to present the idea to students in a multitude of facets helps to differentiate learning for students. Also, students are able to gain a better understanding of what dystopia really means when they see it being used in multiple different contexts. This particular English 10 class is a cotaught class of twentyfive including six students with disabilities. There are two students with autism, three with multiple disorders and one student with ...
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...Questions: Diseases of poverty and the 10/90 Gap. 1. What is the 10/90 gap? This is where 10 per cent of global health research is devoted to conditions that account for 90 per cent of the global disease burden. 2. What are neglected diseases according to this paper? Neglected diseases are diseases such as Leishmaniasis, lymphatic filariasis, Chagas’disease, leprosy, Guinea worm, onchocerciasis and schistosomiasis. 3. According to figure one how many people a year die from childhood disease and diarrheal diseases? Over 9,000 people 4. Can illnesses in third world countries be treated OR avoided? Refer to a specific example. Yes, illnesses can be treated and even prevented form occurring in the first place. The disease include, but are not limited to, tuberculosis, malaria and various childhood diseases. Tuberculosis can be treated/prevented by improving nutrition and can be treated by DOTS therapy. Malaria can aslo be treated or prevented by using insecticide, spraying homes with DDT and using mosquito nets and medicines. Childhood diseases are preventable by the child being vaccinated at a young age. 5. Give an example of a disease for which there is no treatment. Dengue Fever 6. Do non-communicable diseases not occur in low-income countries? No, these diseases have started to occur in low-income countries 7. Are there obese people in lower income countries? Give two specific pieces of evidence to support your answer. Yes. 50% of sub-saharan...
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...Research Paper: Toxicant MOS 5425 – Advanced Toxicology 2/3/2015 Background This paper will compare and contrast a toxin that affects the nervous system, one that affects the endocrine system and another that affects the cardiovascular system. Identify the characteristics that are shared by these toxins and characteristics of these toxins make these toxins vulnerable to toxicity of these specific systems? Central Nervous System Environmental contamination has exposed humans to various metal agents, including mercury. This exposure is more common than expected, and the health consequences of such exposure remain unclear. Mercury in the past was used in a numerous different activities, and now, exposure to this metal from both natural and artificial sources is significantly increasing. According to Azevedo, et al (2012), numerous studies show that high exposure to mercury can induce the following changes to humans such as the central nervous system, potentially resulting in irritability, fatigue, behavioral changes, tremors, headaches, hearing and cognitive loss, dysarthria, incoordination, hallucinations, and death. Endocrine System According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, Endocrine disruptors are found in synthetic chemicals used in industrial solvents, lubricants, and their byproducts such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and dixons. Other examples of endocrine disruptors include bisphenol A (BPA)...
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...ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE SC4730 Environmental Science Onsite Course GRADED ASSIGNMENTS ------------------------------------------------- Assignments and Exercises………………………………………………………… page 2 Labs…………………………………………………………………………………….page 16 Project…...............................................................................................................page 21 ------------------------------------------------- Graded Assignments Unit 1 Exercise 1: Statistics and Graphing Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes In this assignment, you will interpret and graph descriptive statistics. Assignment Requirements Work in small groups to complete Problems 1-4 given in the worksheet provided by your instructor (Problems Worksheets). This is also available at the link below. Fill out one activity sheet (found at the end of the document) for each of the 4 questions. Required Resources * Statistics and Graphing (SC2730.U1.HO1) Worksheets also available at: http://esa21.kennesaw.edu/activities/stats/stats.pdf * Problems Worksheets (SC2730.U1.HO2) also available at: http://esa21.kennesaw.edu/activities/stats/problems.pdf Submission Requirements 4 completed activity sheets (1 each for Problems 1-4) Unit 1 Problem Set 1: Scientific Method Applied Problem Sets Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes In this assignment, you will outline the steps of the scientific method. Assignment Requirements Refer to the Applied Problem Sets...
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...The Position Paper Analysis 3.1 Composition II There is a common ground that all of human nature shares, and that is the fact that we all must eat to survive. Food. It is what keeps us alive, and is undeniably one of the single most important factors of our existence. Without it we would perish. So, how does the world manage to mass produce enough food to feed the billions? Mass production of crop cultivation on a large scale. In order to do this successfully and provide food for the populations there are a few primary issues which must be addressed. One of the main issues the farmers of the world must deal with is the problem with crop destroying insects and invasive plant species. Pesticide is used to identify both insecticides and herbicides, or (as I like to refer to them) bug and weed killers. Although pesticides curb the effects of insects and weeds in food cultivation, the detrimental health issues concerning the effects of pesticides continues to increase; therefore, pesticides should have stricter standards imposed upon their use, and more focus should be made towards developing alternative methods and safer solutions. Depending on location, environment, weather, and many other variables there is a great need to protect the world’s crops from the devastating effects of bugs and weeds. Certain species are capable of terminating the growth of necessary food sources. Of course humanity would react as alarmist and jump to an immediate solution of “Kill...
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