...McKenzie Wohlfarth Famine in Africa English 102 Baker College Famine in Africa Does music have the ability to impact listeners socially? Yes, music impacts listeners socially by adding meaning and themes to their lyrics. Artists can write music about anything that they want, which can include social issues around the world. Music that includes social issues can inspire people and give them the motivation to try and do something about the issue. “We Are The World”, by Michael Jackson and Lionel Ritchie, impacted listeners because it addressed very real issues that the African continent was experiencing. Specifically, the lyrics bring awareness of hunger and poverty as results of the drought. In the 1980’s the continent of Africa was going through troubling times. The continents population was projecting at shocking numbers, degrading ecologically, and plummeting into debt. A rapidly growing population is a long term problem that is faced by any continent that can not sustain a good quality of life. The rate of death in Africa slowed, and the fertility rate increased. The average amount of children per mother is estimated at 6.2. Couples are getting married at younger ages which is slowly raising the statistic. The physical resources in Africa in the 1980’s where degrading due to eroding soil, falling water tables, and dying forests. With no land there is no food to grow, starving the population. In order to grow crops however one is required to have money. A debt crisis swept...
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...goal in the article “Famine, Affluence and Morality” is to get people to think differently about famine relief, charity, and morality. These are key issues that people need to be more aware of and act on them. People who are financially stable and well off should take more of an active role by giving more. They should feel obligated in helping those in need. There are many people suffering severely, those who can help are doing nothing. People should be more willing to give help rather than being obtuse & self-centered. Singer argues it is wrong for a person to suffer from homelessness, hunger, or lack of medical attention. These needs are essential in life and without them can alimentally lead to one’s death. Another argument Singer gives is if a person is wealthy, they are more than capable to help others financially. They need to feel obligated to do so. Instead of a person spending money on extras and materialistic items for themselves, they should donate that money to the poor. The money should help with necessities for the poor and uplift them. On the same point he points out, one should not sacrifice if it would put them in harm’s way. Singer’s concept of marginal utility is that one should give as much as possible to the unfortunate; it should never create a hardship to the giver. This would be doing more harm than good. When a person contributes to the poor, it should not financially affect their lifestyle by putting them in debt, homeless, or without...
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...cultural influence & to provide much needed infrastructure. Obviously people have lots of individual reasons for sending aid to others less fortunate than themselves but two stick out these are “Humanitarianism” & also “Altruism”. Aid is so widespread that that it can be given by individuals, private organizations & governments. Depending on personal definitions of the term loans may be or not be counted as Aid. The History of Aid: Nobody can argue that aid has been present since time began. This was mainly from western countries to the rest of the world In the nineteenth & early twentieth century’s the amount of aid was minute in comparison to what it has become in today’s times, these consisted mostly of occasional humanitarian crisis relief. Aid became a major activity at the end of the Second World War, in the contexts of European reconstruction & decolonisation. Humanitarian Aid: This is rapid assistance given to people or another organisation in immediate distress to relieve suffering. This may be due to man-made or natural disasters such as the Haiti earthquake, the Sri Lankan tsunami & certain hurricanes in the United States. The provision of it consists of vital services (such...
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...My Task – P1 Scenario –I Barry Andrews work as a junior journalist for the local newspaper which is planning to run a feature article on businesses. Tesco: Jack Cohen was reluctant to go back to tailoring after the First World War. This is when he started selling stuff on market stalls. In 1919, Jack Cohen started selling surplus groceries from a market stall in the east end of London. He then owned a number of stalls which at first were ran by his family but after time he gradually employed non-family members. By now he had also had a wholesale business. In 1924 Jack sold his own-brand product which was tea. This tea had come from a firm of tea suppliers of whom T.E Stockwell was a partner. Jack then came up with the name of Tesco by using the initials from T.E Stockwell and the first to letters of his surname. After a while the market trading business became difficult as partners became unreliable so he eventually turned to high street shops without doors. The first two Tesco stores were opened in London in a large estate in the Borough of Barking and Dagenham. This area was called Becontree. The other was in Burnt Oak. These were opened in 1931. By 1939 Jack Cohen had opened up over 100 Tesco Stores. Tesco showed its expansionary zeal early on by buying up rival shops. In the 1950s the retailer bought 70 Williams stores and 200 Harrow stores, followed by 97 Charles Philips stores and the Victor Value chain in the early 1960s. In 1961 Tesco Leicester entered the Guinness...
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...A person must try new things because otherwise we would never discover that we really that we really capable of Kamkwamba was going through a lot of problem that he had to face all by himself, but there we one problem. We had to face all things by ourselves and got solutions. The people of William Kamkwamba’s village in Malawi, Africa were experiencing a devastating famine. Kamkwamba, 14 years old at the time, was forced to drop out of school because his family could no longer afford to pay for his education. “No money, I said. Today I dropped.” (page133) Kamkwamba’s father doesn't have money to pay tuition of Kamkwamba. Another reason is about the famine. There were droughts and floods, but in the end, most of the problems were caused by the Malawian people themselves. The decision to pay off international debt in the form of the country’s stockpile of maize, deforestation, and the election of a business-oriented president were all major reasons for the famine. Kamkwamba Likes a good engineer, he began to research and look for creative solutions. Kamkwamba’s passion for science and math led him to the local library, where he taught himself physics from textbooks. Kamkwamba even learned a new language as he went along, as the books were all in English. He was so inspired by the pictures of a windmill he saw in a book about renewable energy that he became determined to build one himself. He scavenged for spare parts at a local junkyard, ultimately coming up with materials like...
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...Assess the view that debt has become the main obstacle to the development of less developed countries It can be argued that debt has become the main obstacle of less economically or in general terms less developed countries to actually develop. However, debt alone cannot be the reason why countries have not developed there many things that need to be taken into consideration such as aid being misspent by governments, war and natural disasters. These are just some of the reasons that are the cause of countries not being able to develop alongside debt. It is apparent that debt is a reason for a nation not developing but not exactly the main reason as there are many factors to consider. However, it is one of the reasons and this is apparent as countries borrow from places such as the IMF and World Bank to trigger development, which in a lot of countries does not happen and these funds are not used to necessarily benefit the people of the developing countries. The aims for governments in developing countries should be try to eradicate or decrease poverty, build infrastructure to trigger development, improve healthcare and education. Although, these are the desired aims for the people in these LEDCs the country gets itself in more problems when it borrows money as they become a country in borrowing culture. For example, countries like Ethiopia who are in debt, which is inevitable that they will never be able to pay as 90% of their income is result of aid and borrowing. Borrowing...
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...RE: Poverty "Poverty is defined relative to the standards of living in a society at a specific time. People live in poverty when they are denied an income sufficient for their material needs and when these circumstances exclude them from taking part in activities which are an accepted part of daily life in that society." Scottish Poverty Information Unit. The most commonly used way to measure poverty is based on incomes. A person is considered poor if his or her income level falls below some minimum level necessary to meet basic needs. This minimum level is usually called the "poverty line". What is necessary to satisfy basic needs varies across time and societies. Therefore, poverty lines vary in time and place, and each country uses lines which are appropriate to its level of development, societal norms and values." The World Bank Organisations. These are just a few of the different definitions of poverty from different views. The general definition is ‘the state of being extremely poor’ and/or ‘the state of being inferior in quality or insufficient in amount’. Absolute poverty is defined as the lack of sufficient resources with which to meet basic needs. Relative poverty defines income or resources in relation to the average. At least 80% of humanity lives on less than $10 a day. More than 80 percent of the world’s population lives in countries where income differentials are widening. The poorest 40 percent of the world’s population accounts for 5 percent of global income...
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...RE: Poverty "Poverty is defined relative to the standards of living in a society at a specific time. People live in poverty when they are denied an income sufficient for their material needs and when these circumstances exclude them from taking part in activities which are an accepted part of daily life in that society." Scottish Poverty Information Unit. The most commonly used way to measure poverty is based on incomes. A person is considered poor if his or her income level falls below some minimum level necessary to meet basic needs. This minimum level is usually called the "poverty line". What is necessary to satisfy basic needs varies across time and societies. Therefore, poverty lines vary in time and place, and each country uses lines which are appropriate to its level of development, societal norms and values." The World Bank Organisations. These are just a few of the different definitions of poverty from different views. The general definition is ‘the state of being extremely poor’ and/or ‘the state of being inferior in quality or insufficient in amount’. Absolute poverty is defined as the lack of sufficient resources with which to meet basic needs. Relative poverty defines income or resources in relation to the average. At least 80% of humanity lives on less than $10 a day. More than 80 percent of the world’s population lives in countries where income differentials are widening. The poorest 40 percent of the world’s population accounts for 5 percent of global income...
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...Public Debt? Public debt is also sometimes referred to as government debt. It is a term for all of the money owed at any given time by any branch of the government. It encompasses public debt owed by the federal government, the state government, and even the municipal and local government. Public debt accrues over time when the government spends more money than it collects in taxation. As government engage in more deficit spending, the amount of public debt increases. Public debt can either be: 1.1External debt 1.2Domestic debt or Internal Debt 1.1External debt: Public debt can be made up of all sorts of different types of debt. A great deal of public debt is external debt, which is money that is owed by the government to foreign lenders, either in the form of international organizations, other governments, or groups like sovereign wealth funds which invest in government bonds 1.2Domestic debt or Internal Debt: Public debt is also made up of internal debt, where citizens and groups within the country lend the government money to continue operating. In some ways, this is a lot like lending to oneself, since ultimately the responsibility for public debt falls back on the very people lending money. 2.0Benefits of Public Debt * It is an alternative for financing fiscal budget deficit * Deficit budget raise the recession and public borrowing help the economy not to be fall in recession * Public debt refers...
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...Peasant struggles in British India Can be classified into following groups: Before 1857’s Mutiny | * East India: Sanyasi Revolt, Chuar and Ho Rising, Kol Rising, Santhal Rising, Pagal Panthis and Faraizis Revolt * West India: Bhil, Ramosis * South India: Poligars | After 1857’s Mutiny | * Indigo Movement (1859-60) * Pabna Agrarian Unrest (1873-76), * Deccan riots (1874-75), * No-Revenue Movement Assam, Maharashtra, and Punjab: (towards the end of 19th century) * Champaran Indigo Satyagraha (1917) | In the 20s and 30s | 2nd Moplah, Awadh Kisan Sabha, Eka movement, Bardoli etc. | During and After WW2 | * Congress Ministries in provinces such as Bihar, UP and Bombay (will be discussed separately in third article) * Faizpur Congress session (1936) * All India Kisan Congress * Tebhaga Movement in Bengal * Telangana Outbreak in Hyderabad * Varlis Revolt in Western Indi | Peasant Revolts before 1857 Sanyasi Revolt, 1772 * British government restricted people from visiting holy places. Sansyasi got angry * Joined by farmers, evicted landlords, disbanded soldiers * Focal point: Rangpur to Dhaka * Leader: Manju Shah Fakir * Sanyasis defeated a company of sepoys and killed the commander. They overran some districts, virtually running a parallel government. * This rebellion continued till the end of the 18th century. * Governor General Warren Hastings launched a military campaign against Sansyasis. * From 1800,...
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...ENG 102 – Research Paper The Deadliest War in the World Roy A. Richards Union Institute & University October, 2008 The Deadliest War in the World In this article, I will discuss the battle in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the struggle that thousands of people face as they battle the government for natural resources. This article will show how this country is affected by famine, rape, and murder and what steps the government is taking to eliminate these problems. The Democratic Republic of Congo is the third largest country in Africa and is located in the Central African UN subregion. The word “Congo” means “hunter” and was named after the Bakongo ethnic group who live in the Congo River basin. Following the country’s post-independence the former Belgian Congo was changed to The Democratic Republic of Congo on August 1, 1964 to distinguish it from the Republic of Congo. In 1960 General Joseph Motubu came into power, changed his name to Motubu Sese Seko, and changed the country’s name to the Republic of Zaire. 1997 was the year rebel forces (backed by Laurent Kabila) changed the country’s name back to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and this change cased a new rebellion between him...
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...consequences, or believing that we won’t eventually run out of oil. These beliefs are in fact, not the case. It should be obvious that we will eventually run out of oil, as many oil wells have already run dry and there’s realistically only a finite amount of oil in the Earth, as it takes many millions of years to form and we as a society can’t just continue on how we are without a major power source. It should also be apparent that we shouldn’t be deforesting at the rate we currently are. It is scientifically proven that plants, such as trees, absorb the carbon dioxide that we both breathe out and produce through the burning of fossil fuels, and it would be highly unfortunate for the majority of land based life forms on this planet to have a famine of oxygen, as mass extinction would ensue. These anti climate change should be treated as completely irrational beliefs, with little concrete evidence behind them. Neither Donald Trump nor Ben Carson have had any prior political experience beyond the 2016 presidential election. This is a major problem because it seems that they both have very flawed beliefs about how the U.S. government works. A good example for Donald Trump on this front is how he expects to defy the majority, and do what he pleases as president, such as how expects to eventually get his idea for a wall on our border through congress, and then expects another country to pay for it with no hassle. Ben Carson also believes it to be a positive thing to lie of attempted matricide...
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...Global Economic Perspectives Exam II Objective List BASIC CONCEPTS * Exchange Rate Risk * Selling dollar-denominated bonds but not having dollar-denominated sales * China’s real estate bubble * How to avoid: * Currency swaps * Future markets * Currency pegs * Setting the currency equal to a specified value * What factors determine exchange rates (pegging and managed floats) * High interest rates Appreciation & recession – increased demand & price * Stronger currency favors importers (trade surplus) * Low interest ratesDepreciation & Expansion * Weaker currency favors exporters (trade deficit) * The role of the IMF * Make emergency loans to countries with balance of payment problems * Ensures stability of national monetary system * Fiscal Policy * Government changing taxes and/or government spending in effort to increase or decrease business activity * Expansionary FP leads to increased spending but downside is budget deficits * Contractionary FPleads to budget surpluses or smaller deficits * AKA Austerity (attempt to shrink growing deficits) * Monetary Policy * Central Banks changing the MS to increase or decrease the availability of credit in an effort to increase or decrease business activity * Primary tool is Open Market Operations * Buying and Selling short...
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...DEVELOPMENT & GLOBALISATION REVISION NOTES (HUMAN GEOGRAPHY) GLOBALISATION: A HISTORY: * Some believe globalisation began in 19th century when transport and communication expanded rapidly, world trade grew leading to an increase in interdependence between richer and poorer nations, and capital flows expanded as European companies started operation in other parts of the world * In late 20th century, globalisation was shaped by: emergence of free market ideas, de-regulation of world financial markets, emergence of WTO, GATT, IMF, NICs, opening of large economies of China and India, development of global marketing; global marketers view the world as one market and create products that fit various regional marketplaces. GLOBALISATION: * Increasing interconnection in the world’s economic, cultural and political systems. FORMS OF GLOBALISATION: ECONOMIC: under both the GATT and its successor WTO, world trade has expanded rapidly; TNCs have increased economic interdependence and several generations of NICs have emerged CULTURAL: western culture diffused to all parts of the world through media POLITICAL: influence of nation states diminished in many areas as more and more countries organised themselves into trade blocs; influence of Western democracies on developing countries has also been strong GLOBALISATION CAN BE SEEN IN TERMS OF: URBAN: hierarchy of global cities emerged to act as centres for global economy DEMOGRAPHIC: growth of international migration...
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...Introduction The book authored by Giles Bolton, is an eye-opener and a critique of the western approach to lift Africa from poverty. The author addresses - why Africa being resourceful could not lift itself from the poverty? Why is it that it needs the help of the developed countries? How the aid of billions of dollars is misused by the African Government? How the west with its unorganized aid program crippled the nation? Dividing the book into five sections—poverty, aid, trade, globalization, and change—he analyses the issues, with stories about real people in Africa and experiences from his own years in the aid industry. On his first visit to Kenya, to meet a friend, Giles Bolton ends up in deciding that he would start his aid industry career there. He through the incidents and experiences during the visit describes the scenic beauty, backwardness and poverty of the continent. He identifies that the continent needs internal reorganization more than the benevolence of the west. He says Corruption, conflict, and lack of democracy are the three major problems of Africa and poverty is the cause for these. Africa is stuck in the viscous cycle in which poverty induces corruption and vice-verse. He says “This book is written for people who are concerned about Africa but don't understand why it's still so poor. While there is quite a bit of good academic material out there, most of it isn't very accessible and it doesn't answer the direct questions most of us want answered...
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