...autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financing their autonomous functions and lastly the right to a nationality, although these rights were approved by the government they are being violated. 'The Government doesn't listen to us... They hear, they forget, go back home, write what they think. Our messages are not going into their thinking... we expect the Government to listen to us and value our messages." (Submission from the Elders and community members of Ramingining, NE Arnhemland no. 29, 2012, 'Stronger Futures: Another name for the intervention) With these specific instances coming into place in relation to the political violation of the intervention the Racial Discrimination Act becoming legal in the remote area of the Northern Territory is the reason the indigenous community no longer have a choice as this legislation had to become constitutional in order for the government to violate their human rights. This is evident through the statement of Raymattja Marika-Mununggiritj, the Co-Director Mulka Multimedia Centre, quoting 'We were not consulted;...
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...Social justice issues: child removal, racism, transgenerational grief effects, overrepresentation in criminal justice systems, dispossession of land, lack of access to basic health and wellbeing needs, etc. Selected social justice issue: Child removal Aboriginal children have been subject to intervention by European people and governments since. In the days of protectionism, Aboriginal people were theorised to be an inferior and therefore dying race (under social Darwinism) and therefore in need of protection by public health and order interventions including provision of shelter, food, clothing and religion; and eradication of cultural knowledge, values and beliefs through dispossession of language, land, etc. In some respects child protection...
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...Critically evaluate the proposition that all human beings possess equal and inalienable rights, and that they are entitled to such rights without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Human rights are basic rights and freedoms that each individual human being is entitled to. Human rights assert that humans are given certain entitlements simply for being a human. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscious and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 2010). They were developed in a democratic and universal manner. Throughout the world, human rights are acknowledged in various ways, such as shared norms of human moralities, justified moral norms, natural rights, or legal rights which are enforced at either a national level or within international law. However, the concept of human rights has been a heated topic of debate, as there is no consensus as to what should or should not be considered a human right. Human rights are relatively modern, only being in force for just over 50years, however the foundation of this concept is seen in the history of philosophy and concepts of natural law, rights and liberties in classical Greece and the development of Roman Law. Human rights concepts have existed for a lot of human history; however these liberties...
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...Human Rights Essay Northern Territory Intervention The Northern Territory Intervention was a series of emergency measures put in place which are designed to stabilise and protect communities in the identified crisis areas. The measures were targeted at confronting the welfare of indigenous children namely in the area of child abuse and family violence (Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, 2007). The measures to be included in the NTI (Northern Territory Intervention) ascribed by the national Government are as follows: * Introducing widespread alcohol restricitons on Northern Territory Aboriginal land; * Introducing welfare reforms designed to reduce the flow of cash going toward substance abuse and to ensure funds meant to be for children's welfare remained for that purpose; * Enforcing mandatory school attendance bridging family assistance and income support payments with school attendance for persons living on the allocated lands and by providing meals for children while at school; * Introducing mandatory health checks for all indigenous children to identify abuse and treat health problems; * Acquiring townships allocated by the Australian Government through a scheme involving five year leases including payment of just terms compensation; * As part of the immediate emergency response, increasing policing levels in prescribed communities, including requesting secondments from other jurisdictions to supplement NT resources, funded by the Australian...
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...ABSTRACT Many perspectives have been offered in the academic literature to explain the phenomenon of illegal immigration across the world. Unfortunately, most studies fail to adequately account for the rights of immigrants and how they are being violated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study The purpose of this research is to show all the rights of illegal immigrants and the extent to which they are violated and/or respected in Kenya’s legal system by use of vital lessons from the American legal system. Respecting their rights is important because it shows that we are respecting the rule of law. It is important to note that all people are equal and therefore they should be treated equally without discrimination. People should also be allowed the freedom of movement and also that it should be ensured that the same freedom of movement should be regulated so that it ensures that one single country or state do not suffer the outcomes of immigration. Migration is a fact of life whereby people move to new countries to improve themselves economically and maybe to pursue their educations. Others leave to escape armed conflicts or other violations of human rights. Several statutory laws in Kenya provide means by which certain aliens/illegal immigrants can become naturalized citizens. Immigration law determines who may enter, how long they may stay and when they must leave. An illegal immigrant/alien is any individual or a foreigner who has entered...
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...Martin Luther King helped lead the Civil Rights movement in 1960’s America. In order to lead the advocates of racial unity, he needed be an effective speaker. With in Dr. King's multitude of speeches, he utilizes the rhetorical strategies of repetition as well as he appeals to the audience’s pathos in order to capture the audience's attention and help them to understand his message. With in his speeches, Dr Martin Luther King Jr implements the rhetorical strategy of repetition in order to guarantee that the audience understands the message he attends to portray. In his “Eulogy for the Young Victims of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church Bombing”, he incorporates the problem of racial discrimination and importance of racial unity within the...
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...quickly became an active international body. On January 10, 1946, the first General Assembly met at Westminster, London. There were 51 nations represented at this first meeting. One week later, on January 17, the Security Council first met, also in London. The following week, on January 24, the General Assembly adopted its first resolution, focusing on peaceful uses of atomic energy and the elimination of weapons of mass destruction. February 1 of that year saw the appointment of the first Secretary-General, Trygve Lie, from Norway. The UN Headquarters were first established in New York City on October 24, 1949 . The elucidation, development and protection of human rights through the UN has proved to be a seminal event. A range of declarations and treaties has emerged coupled with the establishment of a variety of advisory services and implementations and enforcement mechanisms. Large numbers of studies and...
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...website http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs323/en/ that is the same as OMS, but in English. What are human rights? Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible. Universal human rights are often expressed and guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary international law, general principles and other sources of international law. International human rights law lays down obligations of Governments to act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups. Universal and inalienable the principle of universality of human rights is the cornerstone of international human rights law. This principle, as first emphasized in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights in 1948, has been reiterated in numerous international human rights conventions, declarations, and resolutions. The 1993 Vienna World Conference on Human Rights, for example, noted that it is the duty of States to promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems. All States have ratified at least one, and 80% of States have ratified four or more, of the core human rights...
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...Equality and Discrimination Hundreds of millions of people suffer from discrimination in the world of work. This not only violates a basic human right, but has wider social and economic consequences which perpetuate poverty and inequality while worsening social tensions. Lessening discrimination could help the world dramatically decrease poverty and promote decent work for all. Unions can play a crucial role in fighting discrimination nationally and internationally through political action and collective bargaining. But, their leaders and members are themselves subject to discrimination as workers are penalized for joining unions or participating in union activities. However, by better understanding discrimination in its many forms and devising strategies to combat it, unions could help eliminate discrimination and, at the same time, strengthen their organizations. What is discrimination? Discrimination in employment and occupation takes many forms, and occurs in all kinds of work settings. It entails treating people differently because of certain characteristics, such as race, colour or sex, which results in the impairment of equality of opportunity and treatment. In other words, discrimination results in, and reinforces, inequalities. With discrimination the freedom of human beings to develop their capabilities and to choose and pursue their professional and personal aspirations is restricted without regard for ability. Because of discrimination, skills and competencies...
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...What is Prejudice? Researchers struggle to define prejudice. Some say it is “a negative attitude or feeling toward an individual, group, place or thing” ( (Bokanic, 2009). Others say that this attitude is based on assumptions, which leads to the prejudgments of others. Whatever the case, prejudices can be formed against another person because of race, weight, gender, language, religion, or virtually any difference. Prejudices lead to discrimination and stereotypes. For example, Wrenee, a French-American, was a victim of racial prejudice as a child. As she grew up, she searched for a place where people would not prejudge her based on her racial background. She became a doctor in a town in Southern Alabama, where her physical appearance...
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...Learner record no 1. ,,COMPREHENSIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE ELEMENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE SCHOOL AGE CHILDCARE PROGRAMME.,, Introduction. After-school services may provide important opportunities for young children within age of school going. In fact participation in high-quality after-school services is related to a positive outcomes for participants, including greater self-confidence, increased civic engagement, better school attendance, improved academic achievement and decreased delinquency. 1. School age childcare. After school projects can be organised in different ways and in different settings. The most common types of services available include: 1. A project where children and young people are cared for in a safe and secure play and recreational environment. 2. Mixed environments where children and young people can play, do homework and are supported in all activities. Social, sporting and cultural activities are seen as the most important features of these programmes. Afterschool Care for children of school going age, after school until you finish work. Usually incorporates an evening meal or snack and supervised time to complete homework exercises. But it’s not all work, afterschool play and outdoor activities are also included! Basically we can define School Age Childcare as being “Childcare for school going children provided outside of normal school hours where the same children attend the childcare facility on a regular basis and access to the service is clearly...
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...the US especially Congress etc. The central dilemma then and now remains the same—if a great power creates a strong international human rights regime so as to prevent human rights violations by other states to the extent of foreign interventions: It violates the sanctity of state sovereignty; and It makes itself answerable to the same international human rights regime and opens itself to scrutiny by other states. The UN Charter became the first ever international treaty to recognize universal human rights—in 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - described as a statement of aspirations—the UN Charter may have recognized universal human rights but it contained a clause that prohibits interference in the domestic affairs of other states—ultimately, the real guarantor of human rights are not international laws or powerful states but the national state—the Universal Declaration contained 30 principles...
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...The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article XXVI: Right to Education The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drafted in 1948 and one of the articles, article XXVI deals with protection of the fundamental rights, right to education: (1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. (2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. The right to education is a universal right and is recognized as a human right. It includes the right to free, non biased and non political primary education for everyone, to make secondary education at least accessible to everyone and make access to higher education. The right to education also provides the obligation to avoid discrimination at all educational levels and to improve quality of education. Furthermore, the European Court of Human Rights defined „education...
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...substantial evidence to suggest that this is not the case. Namely, we do not see exactly what others see. Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. Even though race and color clearly overlap, they are not synonymous. Thus, color discrimination can occur between persons of different races or ethnicities, or between persons of the same race or ethnicity. Racism and discrimination have been used as powerful weapons encouraging fear or hatred of others in times of conflict and war, and even during economic downturns. Racism is also a very touchy subject for some people, as issues concerning free speech and Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights come into play. It may be a factor contributing to poor health and health care disparities in minority children through multiple mechanisms, including effects on psychological and physical well-being. Little is known about the experiences of racism that children encounter in their lives. This study describes the occurrences of perceived racism in children, including the settings and contexts in which it occurs. Some people argue that talking about supporting racial discrimination and prejudice is just words and that free speech should allow such views to be aired without restriction. Others point out that these words can lead to some very dire...
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...Human Rights 1. The nature and Development of human rights The definition of human rights * Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) sets out the fundamental purpose for recognizing human rights * In the general sense, human rights refer to basic rights and freedoms that are believed to belong to all human beings * As stated in the UDHR, these rights differ from ordinary rights under domestic law as they are considered to be universal, inalienable (cannot be taken away) and inherent to all people. Developing recognition of human rights * The abolition of slavery * The campaign for universal suffrage * The trade union movement and labour rights * The right of a group to self-determination * Emerging environmental rights * The attempt to establish a right to peace The abolition of slavery * Slavery is a type of forced labour where a person is considered to be the legal property of another * Slavery was practiced legally until the 20th century * Common forms of slavery involved: debt slavery (forced to pay off a loan with labour), slavery as punishment for crime, prisoners of war committed to slavery * Moves to abolish slavery and slave trading began in the 12th century, e.g. Iceland abolished slavery in 1117 * During the 17th – 19th century, the transatlantic slave trade (the trading of African people by Europeans, transporting them as slaves from Africa to the colonies of the New World) was in action as Europeans...
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