...Protagonists’ Desire for change In “A&P” by John Updike and “Araby” by James Joyce the protagonists make important life decisions. Both stories are about young men, leading dull lives, who go through a major change, while trying to escape from their lives. In both stories this change takes place while trying to please a female who triggers something inside them, causing them to act. “Araby” is different from “A&P” because it has religious elements as well as a connection through alienation. In “Araby” the narrator is closely following the crush that he has on Mangan’s sister. The narrator makes a kind of gesture to take Mangan’s sister to the bazaar, but she turns it down because of previous plans. Sammy and the narrator are similar in the sense that they both follow their desire for change. ‘Araby’ and ‘A&P’ are stories of unsuccessful attempts to escape from ordinary lives, only in different ways. Both stories end in darkness to prove that alienation can change the way people react to different situations and both show how the characters react towards change. The fate of Sammy from “A&P” surrounds the ideas of self-identity, desire for change and emerging adulthood, whereas “Araby” outlines alienation, desire for change and the dangers of idealization. The reader gets caught by the setting first in both stories. The protagonists describe the neighborhoods and the daily life in the cities that they live in, in detail. Sammy is stuck in the daily routine of the policy...
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...employ to create the desire in people to support and participate in the change process? Desire is the second step in the ADKAR model Building desire Managers cannot dictate or control an employee's desire to change. Employees choose. However, that does not mean that managers are powerless to achieve this result with their employees. The enablers or elements that may create a desire to change include: • Fear of job loss • Discontent with the current state • Imminent negative consequences • Enhanced job security • Affiliation and sense of belonging • Career advancement • Acquisition of power or position • Ownership for the future state • Incentive or compensation • Trust and respect for leadership • Hope in future state Personal context for change These positive and negative motivating factors are evaluated by employees within the following personal context: • An employee's personal and family situation (health, financial position, stability, mobility, relationships, etc.) • An employee's professional career history and plans (successes, failures, promotions, aspirations, years left before retirement, 2nd career potential, etc.) • The degree that this change will affect them personally (in some cases even large changes can have only a minimal impact on some employees) Organizational context for change Employees also evaluate these positive and negative motivating factors based on: • an organization's history with change (past change success or failure...
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...by examining my basic view of human nature and the key factors I strongly believe account for changes in behavior. The nature of the therapist-client relationship and its relative importance will be explained as well as the key functions and role of the therapist. Key goals of therapy will be described and the particular techniques and procedures specific to my preferred therapeutic approach will be noted. Lastly, the populations and/or client issues best suited and least suited for the named approach will be discussed. View of Human Nature My basic view of human nature is similar to the ideals of Thomas Hobbes. He perceived humans as individuals who are driven by specific desires which motivate their behaviors. Exhibiting certain behaviors will satisfy the desires (Malcolm, 2002). Hobbes’ theory coincides with my own that humans have the ability to decide whether to alter their behaviors to ultimately fulfill their desires (trial and error) or to relinquish their original desires in exchange for more attainable ones (compensate). The humans who choose to alter their behaviors may do so in one of two ways: ethically or unethically. The ethical route involves behaviors that are considered legal and respectable by societal standards; the unethical route involves behaviors that are usually criminal and cause hurt and harm to the individual and others. For example, a female who desires to...
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...believe that everyone has the choice in which decisions they make in life. You should believe in free will because it is what gives you the ability to make your own decisions, gives you control of your life, and gives you a sense of freedom of speech. Thesis: Free will is the idea that everyone has the choice to make their own decisions; some of the theories free will our shown through Harry Frankfurt’s organization theory, Fischer’s factors of control and Hume’s study on desires. 1. Free will based on organization A. Frankfurt on first desires B. Frankfurt says in first desires when he is undergoing a first desire that he has the ability to either eat the candy bar or refrain from eating this. This shows free will because he has the choice to refrain or go along with his desires. C. I agree with Frankfurt’s ideas and beliefs because if we desire to do or eat something then we have the choice in which we can restrain ourselves from doing it due to negative outcomes or you can accept the desire and go forward with the decision. 2. Free will based on Control A. John Martin Fischer free will through guidance and regulative control. B. Guidance Control, people show guidance control by looking over their actions and coming up with the most appropriate outcome. I feel as if people have the choice in which actions they look over. 1. Regulative Control, this is putting your decision making into play and also looking at all the alternatives of that decision....
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...Preference involves a choice between options. Consumer preferences represent each individual's desires for goods and services, which translate to choices based on income or wealth combined with the consumer's time to define consumption activities. Example: I have a taste for good wine. I have a preference (choose) for Cabernet over Merlot. KEY POINTS * Changes in taste lead to increased or decreased demand, which is one factor that economists consider when looking at changes in demand. * Consumer choice is a theory in microeconomics that connects preferences for goods and services to consumption expenditures and, therefore, consumer demand curves. TERMS * budget constraint The condition that constrains expenditure to income (for a person) or the value of exports to imports (for a state) Full text Consumer Preferences Consumer choice is a microeconomic theory connecting preferences for consumption goods and services to consumption expenditures. Consumer choice ultimately affects consumer demand curves. The link between personal preferences, consumption, and demand curves is one of the most closely studied relations in economics. Consumer choice theory is a way of analysing how consumers may achieve an equilibrium between their preferences and expenditures by maximizing utility as subject to consumer budget constraints. Preferences represent individual desires for the consumption of goods and services, translating into consumer choices. These choices...
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...writes about a greedy, power-hungry man who murders the king to fulfill his selfish desires. MacBeth was one of King’s Duncan’s noblemen and honorable general. However, after he is claimed as the Thane of Cawdor and Glamis, he believes a prophecy by three witches that he will become King and, along with his wife, decides to murder King Duncan in an attempt to gain more power. Although MacBeth grew uncertain about going through with the assassination, his wife, Lady MacBeth, manipulates and deceives him to follow through. As a king, he becomes a tyrant and starts to kill anyone who he felt threatened his position on the throne, including one of his good friends, Banquo and the family of MacDuff. Throughout his reign, the MacBeth’s guilty consciences take a toll on them and eventually lead to both of their downfall. Furthermore, MacBeth’s reign does not last long when MacDuff gets revenge against the tormentor by killing him in the end. As a result, King Duncan’s son, Malcolm, becomes king. Through the use of symbolism and characterization, William Shakespeare, in MacBeth, depicts how one’s desire to gain power causes others to change gender roles to create deception within an environment. In MacBeth, MacBeth’s horrific murders proved how strongly he desired to gain power. Desire means to have a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. When a person desires something, he or she becomes excited at the thought and wants to take immediate...
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...the role of desire in the play. There are many moments in the play 'A Streetcar Named Desire' where Blanche DuBois and desire are inextricably linked. Indeed, she arrives in Elysian Fields after taking a streetcar named desire. One critic has said that the journey which Blanche takes to get to her sisters apartment on a streetcar named Desire and and then changing to a streetcar named Cemetries reflects her overall journey through life. For example, in her youth she rode on her desires and during as well as after the play takes place, she changes to a morbid route, described as "Cemetries". In some sense, her quest for desire was as short lived as her tram ride. Another moment where the idea of desire is evident is when Stanley tells Stella that "I (he) am the king around here, so don't forget it." which reflecs his desire to have power and control over everyone in his 'domain'. This is one moment in the play where Stanley's true controlling ideas are shown to the audience. Through Stanley, Williams presents us with the idea that he is one who has achieved his desrie of being unnapposed in his society. An example of this is at the end of the play where Stanley isn't held accountable for a crime he has committed (the rape of Blanche) and his life goes back to how it was at the beginning of the story with him keeping control of his life and the lives of the surrounding characters. This also gives the audience a sense of futility of the life and how so much can change but at the...
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...Streetcar Named Desire Author of A Streetcar Named Desire - Tennessee Williams - stated that his plays are “Pleas for the understanding of delicate people”. A Streetcar Named Desire explores dysfunctional relationships and conflicts that arise in the breakdown. The 1930’s production code forced Kazan - director of A Streetcar Named Desire - to change the original text. The censors of the Breen Office forced Kazan to omit the film’s raw and candid portrayal of human behavior and relationships. Because the Breen Office controlled of the film industry, it definitely took away the audience’s understanding of the characters and their relationships especially in Stella’s descending of the staircase, dialogue between Blanche and Stella,...
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...methods, however, there are only two different routes to this deception; intention and motivation (Nelkin, 2002). Those who follow the intentionalist view argue that an intention to deceive oneself is necessary, whereas those who follow the motivationalist view argue that a desire is all that is needed to be deceived (Nelkin, 2002). For example, a student attempting to convince himself that he does not need to study for a final, because he attended all the classes and read all the chapters, is falling under the intentionalist view. This student knows deep down that in order to do well he will need to study, however, he has the intention to convince himself not to study therefore categorizing him as an intentionalist. An example of the motivationalist view is as follows; a woman is in a bad relationship and wants to believe that her partner will change. This woman knows that her partner will not change, however, she continues to work on their relationship, in hopes of change, which shows a desire to deceive herself into viewing only the positive aspects of this relationship....
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...individual change. While many change management projects focus on the steps necessary for organisational change, ADKAR emphasises that successful organisational change occurs only when each person is able to transition successfully. It makes sense then that this model, developed by Jeff Hiatt, CEO of Prosci Change Management, and first published in 2003, focuses on 5 actions and outcomes necessary for successful individual change, and therefore successful organisational change. The ADKAR model of change management Hiatt refers to each of these five actions as building blocks for successful individual change, and therefore successful organisational change. As the graphic indicates the process is sequential. In other words each step must be completed before moving on to the next. Hiatt emphasises that it is not possible to achieve success in one area unless the previous action has been addressed. The ADKAR model consists of five sequential steps or actions: 1. Awareness of the need for change. Understanding why change is necessary is the first key aspect of successful change. This step explains the reasoning and thought that underlies a required change. Planned communication is essential. When this step is successfully completed the individual (employee) will fully understand why change is necessary. 2. Desire to participate in and support the change. In this step the individual is able to reach a point where they make a personal decision to support the change and...
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...Proctor and Gamble There are many steps needed for successful change implementation. the successful change implementation. Many organizations require change to survive the economical battles of doing business. The communication style of management is also an important area for change. There are multitudes of articles and information regarding organizational change and many of them has have conflicting information on what is most important. The factors of change can be slightly different based upon the type of business, but the basics are always the same. How an organization communicates the need for change, the plan for change as well as the implementation of change are the broad spectrum of the success or failure of change. Not clear. The following literature reviews attempt to This literature review support the hypothesis that Proctor and Gamble would benefit from creating desire to change, communication, planning and resources. These are four of the most important phases of successful change implementation for Proctor and Gamble. Proctor and Gamble Problem Overview Underline not needed. Proctor and Gamble is an innovative, multinational company. Currently, Proctor and Gamble lacks an effective distribution system in some segments as well as poor location in some foreign countries and high cost of inputs. Another area of weakness is the employment of foreign based local management who don’t have international business experience. doesn’t have any international...
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...Model I am considering the above model for the change process in my production department of our factory, Arabian Controls and switchgear. Awareness Our production department is lacking in * Skilled man power, (Technicians and Supervisors) * Maintenance of stock * Poor maintenance of shop floor area * Disorganised stores We were unable to produce the products to the expected level and due to this the company was making a poor turn over. If this poor situation exists in our company we will be totally out of the market. The market is booming and the competitors are doing good business. Hence a change is definitely needed to overcome this situation. There will be employees who are comfortable with the existing system and denying the reasons for change are real. There are also some other resisting factors debating for change and creating rumours. As a change manager I must see to that the company’s situation should be communicated through sponsor’s message, through manager’s conversations and discussions between employees. It can also be communicated through company’s vision made available in all the departments. Employees will be communicated the weakening performance and the annual profit and loss tragedy report. When the employee says that he had understood the nature of the change and why the change is needed, which means the change manager have succeeded at building the awareness. Desire Desire is the difficult stage to achieve among the five...
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...are three marks of reality from his teaching, which are Change, No permanent identity and suffering. The mark of reality which is change states that nothing ever stays the same no matter how you look at things and think that they are the same they are constantly and gradually changing. The mark of reality which is no permanent identity states that Buddha believes that there is no such thing as consistency, which everything and everyone will forever be changing and are made up of parts that are also in constant change. And the last of the three marks are suffering also known as dukkha this marks states that no matter how you live your life the right way and do everything that you have to do there will always be dissatisfaction. This is because of the constant change in our lives. There are also Four Noble Truths to the Buddha teachings. Which are to begin with the first noble truth is “To Live and to Suffer” which means life is pain almost everything you go through in life involve some type of pain be it physical or mental. It also states that if you understand why suffering comes about the better we can lessen it. The second noble truth is “Suffering Comes from Desire the Buddha believes in so many words that desire is a inevitability. We will always long for more than we have and never be satisfied with what we have now, which causes us to suffer from our desires. The third noble truth is “To End Suffering, End Desire which basically states in...
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...The Hays Code How Did it Cause the Movie, A Streetcar Named Desire, to be Changed From the Play Abstract This paper will address changes from the play, A Streetcar Named Desire, that were made in the production of the movie due to the regulations of the Hays Code. Specific changes will be discussed. The conclusion of the paper will address if the changes still allowed the movie to effectively convey the original theme of the play. The Hays Code How Did it Cause the Movie, A Streetcar Named Desire, to be Changed From the Play In the early 1900’s, movie producers began shocking audiences by portraying themes that were socially unacceptable to discuss in public at that time. Films of this era were not censored, but state and local boards made the determination of whether a film could be shown or not. If they deemed a film as “inappropriate”, they simply banned it. The film The Birth of a Nation was a catalyst to changes in this. This film was banned in the state of Ohio. The company that handled the distribution of this film sued the state claiming it was a violation of the due process clause and the First Amendment. This suit went to the United States Supreme Court as the case Mutual Film Corporation v. Industrial Commission of Ohio (1915). In simple terms, the court ruled that films did not carry the same protections as books and other types of speech. (The Hays Code) This led to the creation of The Production Code of 1930, by Will H. Hays. This code became known...
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...ADKAR: Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement making the change An overview of Prosci's ADKAR Model Prosci's ADKAR® Model is one of the most widely-requested and sought after models for change management. It is a simple but extraordinarily powerful model to help drive successful change in one's personal or professional life. Many attendees of Prosci's 3-day certification program call it "ADKAR training" - even though the majority of the program focuses on the organizational change management process - because ADKAR is what they remember and begin applying immediately. The first tutorial in this series provided five reasonswhy ADKAR "clicks" for change management practitioners. The second tutorial provided an overview of the first two building blocks -Awareness and Desire. This tutorial presents an in-depth discussion of the last three building blocks - Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement. Introduction Prosci's ADKAR Model is an individual change management model. It outlines the five building blocks of successful change, whether that change occurs at home, in the community or at work. The name "ADKAR" is an acronym based on the five building blocks: * A Awareness of the need for change * D Desire to participate and support the change * K Knowledge on how to change * A Ability to implement required skills and behaviors * R Reinforcement to sustain the change The final three building blocks of Prosci's ADKAR Model are Knowledge...
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