...Personality development theory Evelyn Harris Psych/504 4/1/2013 Tracy Maceillo Personality development theory This paper will serve as a fact sheet and will answer questions pertaining to the gene environment and interaction influence personalities, personality expressions in cultures, twin studies, temperament, and the characteristics of constancy over a period of time. The term personality was originated from a specific place and is exponentially more complex although there are some assumptions when developing theories on personality alone. Any type of behaviors that are produced by a conscious choice is known as a free will or forces that are deemed as determined by a person’s control. In my opinion, free will expressions are contrary to the power to choose their actions and the extremity of influence in factors of heredity is none other than influenced by environmental factors. The term personality was originated from a specific place and is exponentially more complex although there are some assumptions when developing theories on personality alone. These factors are learned behaviors in which plays a significant role in the predetermined role of personality traits. For instance; if I do not follow good eating techniques I am most likely to contract high blood pressure and diabetes like my grandparents, aunts and uncles or possibly heart disease like my mother. For these reasons it can definitely be assumed that we as human beings do have free will and the choices...
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...------------------------------------------------- Zeeshan Ahmad Khan | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Address: | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Contact: | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Email(s): | ------------------------------------------------- Zeeshan.khan687@gmail.com | ------------------------------------------------- | Objective: | Self-motivated individual with strong problem solving skills, seeking for a position that allow me to utilize my skills so that the outcome can be used for the benefit of the organization. I believe given a chance I would become an asset to any organization immediately. | Academic Education Sr. | Certification / Degree | Institution / University | Specialization | Passing Year | 1 | Ms Management Science (Leading to PhD) | University of the Central Punjab | Finance | (Dissertation in...
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...Management 1.0 Executive Summary The main objectives of this study was to choose one determinant that have influence on consumer behavior. There are three sub sections of this study based on the main objectives. First is to discuss the origin and how the determinants influences the consumer. Second is the usefulness of the determinants for marketer in explaining consumer behavior. Third, the specific product that suited the determinant chosen. Next sections will explain in details work undertaken in completing each sections 1.3 Suitable product for the factors Last topic of this study is too choose suitable product based on the factors. In order to decide the product, I will analyze the factor in details to identify the most important aspect. Based on the analysis, I will choose the most suitable product. The aims for this sections is to analyze the relationship between the products and the determinants. In additions, I will choose product from Malaysia industry. This is done through sales and report status on Malaysia news and article. 1.4 Evidence To support subject and topic above, several examples will be given. This examples will be the supporting arguments to either denies or confirm the subject. Evidence will be collected from past research, event and study. Evidence will used to covers all sections of the study, especially on proving the theory and practicality of the determinant. 1.5 Observations and Commentary Observations and commentary will be conducted after...
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...Personality and Values Organizational Behavior Chapter Outline I. Personality A. B. Definition of Personality Personality Determinants II. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator A. B. C. D. Extraverted/Introverted Sensing/Intuition Thinking/Feeling Judging/Perceiving III. The Big 5 Personality Model A. B. C. D. E. Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Emotional Stability or Neuroticism Chapter Outline IV. Other Personality Traits Relevant to Organizational Behavior A. B. C. D. E. F. G. Core Self-Evaluation Machiavellianism Narcissism Self-Monitoring Risk Taking Proactive Personality Other Orientation V. Values A. B. Definition and Importance Terminal vs Instrumental Values 1. Rokeach Value Survey Chapter Outline VI. Generational Values A. B. Dominant Values in the Workplace Linking an Individual’s Personality and Values to the Workplace 1. Person-Job Fit 2. Person-Organization Fit VII. International Values A. B. Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of National Culture 1. Power Distance 2. Individualism vs Collectivism 3. Masculinity vs Femininity 4. Uncertainty Avoidance 5. Long-term vs Short-term Orientation The GLOBE Framework for Assessing Cultures I. Personality ● Personality includes the relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has ○ ● makes us distinct from other people, and understanding someone’s personality gives us clues about...
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...BOOK REVIEW ASSIGNMENT Book – Personality development and communication skills. Author - Yandamoori veerendranath. ISBN-EBK0331691 Price-120/- In this book the author tries to explain a range of psychological theories,how to develop strong intellectual and emotional personality and public speaking.Besides these,the book also focuses on how to combat one’s weakness like anger and interpersonal conflicts. Veerendranath had worked in state finance corporation of Andhra pradesh.He is a playwright,novelist,movie director,personality development motivator.There are so many books based on personality development in market but the reason for choosing this book is i am ardent fan of his writings.Personally i have attended his motivation sessions and i was really impressed by his way of teaching.He explains human behaviour in various situations in a scientific way like fear of public speaking,lack of emotional stability etc. Book begins with relating one’s personality with his/her psychology.study of personality has developed various theories for assessing one’s personlaity.The theories which author had written in book explains various concepts like ego-strength,rationalisation,self-awareness,intra personal savvy,self-direction etc.His explaination on various ego states of person is worth appreciative.one example which i like in this book is my super ego wants me to be first ranker,and the id wants me to watch tv.My ego strength decides my fate.He also discuss...
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...The term personality has roots in the Latin word persona which refers to a mask which was worn in theater productions during ancient Greek dramas (Feist & Feist, 2009). The root of this word is not a sufficient definition as it is clear there is more to ones personality than the persona they project for others to see. Psychologists and psychiatrists who study personality have not, to date, encountered a definition that they can agree upon. The reason for this is due to the number of variables which make up a personality and influence behavior. Because of this, no two theorists have taken the same view on the definition, as their own personalities and bias’ cause them to view it differently. Theorists do share the way they obtain data; therefore, they are able to apply an objective way of analyzing data to such a subjective topic. This paper will examine theoretical approaches in studying personality, as well as factors that may influence an individual’s personality development. Theoretical Approaches in Studying Personality A theoretical approach on personality means that researchers use the scientific method to collect and analyze data. They use this process to answer questions that are formed by certain behaviors or that other theories have generated (Feist & Feist, 2009). The question is referred to as a hypothesis. The hypothesis must be tested in a way that can be accurately documented, as well as repeated by others. Once data is collected it must be analyzed and...
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...Introduction Austen (1999-2010), “it is not time or opportunity that is to determine intimacy; it is disposition alone. Seven years would be sufficient to make some people acquainted with each other, and seven days are more than enough for others” (Disposition Quotes, para. 4). Jane Austen says is well, people have different dispositions, which can determine the course of a person’s life and how he or she lives. Every person’s disposition forms from both heredity and learnt situations. Huberman (1999-2010), “you know, the mayor has said it several times before that while we cannot change the past, we can learn from the past” (Learning Quotes, para. 4). Dispositional versus Learning Although Allport’s theory did not generate a lot of research it, has the capability as he focuses his research on psychologically healthy adults. He receives a moderate rating in generating research because his hypothesis leads to research in only religion, values, and prejudice. Trait and factor theories, however, rate high as Eysenck’s, McCrae’s, and Costa’s theories all generated significant amounts of research. Skinners’ learning theory rates high because his theories generate large quantities of research just as Bandura’s does whom also receives a high rating. The cognitive social learning theories of Rotter and Mischel rate extremely high as their theories generate quantity and quality research. Falsifiability receives a low rating as most of his insights go beyond sciences...
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...Stephane Ludovic Marie ID:11300880 Stephane Ludovic Marie ID:11300880 MGT200 Assignment 3 MGT200 Assignment 3 Contents Introduction 2 Personality 2 Personality determinants 2 Personality Related theories 3 Five Key Factor Model 3 Hypothesis 3 Conclusion 3 Reference List 3 Introduction For many decades, there has been an ongoing debate about the usefulness and validity of personality measures in selection contexts. While some authors believe that those instruments lack validity, others recommend their use as a selection instrument. There is plenty of literature available on this topic, but it is fairly controversial (Alvesson 2002). For the purpose of this report; job performance concerns the attitudes, information and skills that are desired to facilitate one to perform the tasks listed in the job description by the organization; of which task performance includes one’s behaviour that involves in the conversion of organizational resources into finished goods and services. Organizations worldwide use performance appraisal as a means to ensure the job performance of workers, moreover personality measures recently have received considerable attention in the employee selection process since personality of an individual is closely linked with the process of job or work performance. The relationship between personality and the level of job performance is dependent on the environment in which he/she is working (Alvesson 2002). It is important to note that job...
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...logic) and contributed to ones social order in society. (blog. tiptaplab.com). Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that governs the personality and its variations between individuals. The areas of focus include; construction of a coherent picture of the individual and their major psychological processes, investigation of individual psychological differences, investigation of human nature and psychological similarities between individuals. Personality also refers to someone’s public image (blog. tiptaplab.com). The word personality is a Latin word personae, which is the mask actors wore in ancient Greek plays. They changed personae to let audience know they were assuming different roles (www.reading fanatic.com). Key contributors of Personality There are several contributors to school of personality psychology who explore personality in different contexts. They include Gordon Alport, who believed personality is something within an individual that leads to characteristics of behaviour and thought. Carl Rogers on the other hand thought it is a self organized consistent pattern of perception of the I, me, that lies at the heart of an individual’s experience. B.F. Skinner was of the opinion that the word personality is not needed to understand human behaviour (Caprara & Cevone, 2000). The unconscious mind is one of the most notable contributions to the field of personality according to Sigmund Freud. His defence mechanism explanation is widely accepted...
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...Attitudes Attitudes, Job Attitudes, Personality and Values Attitudes Evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events Cognitive Component The opinion or belief segment of an attitude Affective Component The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude Behavioral Component An intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something 1 2 Nature of Evaluations Underpinning Attitudes • Attitudes not represented on single continuum e.g. totally +ve to totally –ve • Rather, evaluate attitude objects on both positive and negative dimensions (Cacioppo et al 1977) – – – – positive attitude = Hi +ve reaction & Lo -ve reaction negative attitude= Lo +ve reaction & Hi –ve reaction indifference = Lo +ve reaction & Lo –ve reaction ambivalence = Hi +ve reaction & Hi –ve reaction The Theory of Cognitive Dissonance Cognitive Dissonance Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes Individuals seek to reduce this gap, or “dissonance” Desire to reduce dissonance depends on: • Importance of elements creating dissonance • Degree of individual influence over elements • Rewards involved in dissonance 4 • Since evaluations of attitude objects ‘automatic’ some consider attitude formation to be a reflex e.g. Chaiken et al., 1996 – But range of personal and social factors influence nature of our evaluations Measuring the A-B Relationship Recent research indicates that attitudes (A) significantly predict...
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...ON MATE CHOICE Likeness Goes With Liking: Determinants of Similar Physical Appearance Attractiveness and Affecting Factors on Mate Choice Preferences I Wen Cheng Department of Finance National Chengchi University PHYSICAL APPEARANCE AND FACTORS ON MATE CHOICE Abstract 2 The present study attempted to determine whether people tend to match themselves with those with homogamy of physical appearance, whether couples grow physically similar in their facial appearance with each other after a long period of time and how multiple possible factors affect mate choice decision in Taiwan. Questionnaires were most distributed to National Chengchi University students aged 18-25 through the Internet and social network, including Facebook and emails. Respondents (n=60) completed the survey with 38 respondents in single relationship and 22 in a relationship or married. The study uses the statistical techniques to measure similarity of physical appearance among couples and growing physical similarity in their facial appearance based on a scale 1-5. Statistical techniques including of arithmetic mean and standard deviation are also applied to examine eight possible factors that may affect human mate choice. Factors analyzed include physical attractiveness, appearance similarity, personality traits, educational level, vocation/occupation, social status, habits & costumes and family influence. Overall, the results indicate that personality traits and habits & costumes are considered...
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...will be describing the personality traits and characteristics that are associated with entrepreneurs who are successful. I will also be expanding and comparing on my own personality and characteristics to those found in successful entrepreneurs. Firstly, there are many types of traits that entrepreneurs have. Some of these traits include being able to live with uncertainty and take risks, self-confidence, internal locus of control and more. I will be finding out if successful entrepreneurship is based upon the personalities of individuals or not. Previously, I was never really into entrepreneurship until I started college a few years ago. Having done a fashion design course with sewing and marketing experience, this really made me think about starting my own fashion business in the near future. I had the privilege of gaining further experience and knowledge about the fashion industry through work experience with designers and working at London Fashion Week. This enabled me to talk to designers and have an insight on how they became successful as it is a hard market to have a breakthrough in. Having seen how other designers started out, even with minimal experience and no further education made me more determined to make my dream a reality considering I had experience and now in further education to obtain a degree. On the other hand, there is no success manual in becoming an entrepreneur, therefore I believe it depends on character and personality traits life has taught...
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.......................................................................................................... 2 Limitations ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Definition of Personality ................................................................................................................. 4 How We Measure Personality ........................................................................................................ 4 Personality Determinants ................................................................................................................ 5 Personality Traits ............................................................................................................................ 5 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ...................................................................................................... 5 The Big Five Personality Model ................................................................................................. 6 Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB ................................................................................. 7 Personality and National Culture .................................................................................................... 8...
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...1. Understanding Branding A brand in its simplest form is a name, logo, design or image used by an organization to identify a product or service and distinguish it from that of their competitors (Kotler et al 2012). However, the perceptions about brands are changing, and many academics now define brand as a powerful psychological construct held in the minds of all those aware of the branded product, organization or movement (Kylander and Stone 2012). Unlike the commercial sectors, charities and the not-for-profit sectors have long been reluctant to engage in strategic branding activities. Despite big charity organisations like RSPCA and Greenpeace having universally recognized brand images, the need to have a strong brand is still disputed by many charity practitioners (Saxton, 2008). Hankinson (2001) suggests that this could have been the result of greater complexity of charity brands compared to commercial brands, the difficulties in committing internal stakeholders to branding concepts or merely the risk of being seen as ‘too commercial’ or even ‘immoral’. However, the past decade has witnessed a paradigm shift in branding activities in the non-profit sector, and branding seems to be at an inflection point in its development. (Kylander and Stone 2012) 2. Role of Branding in the Charity and Not-for-profit Sector Until a decade ago, the major role of a ‘brand’ in the non-profit sector was to act as a fundraising tool for the organization. But branding today has gained...
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...Approaches to Personality Tamanieka Fields PSY/250 December21, 2015 Anney Synder Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. American Psychological Association (2013), "the discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience — from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged" (para. 1). American Psychological Association (2013), "in every conceivable setting from scientific research centers to mental health care services, "the understanding of behavior" is the enterprise of psychologists". Feist and Feist, (2009), “although no single definition is acceptable to all personality theorists, we can say that personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” (p. 4). There are varying aspects that determine personality. Also, there are varying different approaches concerning the development of personality in psychology. An approach is a certain perspective involving particular assumptions; that is, in regard to personality for instance, the development of personality and what aspects affect such development. In regard to such approaches to personality, two approaches in particular, that is, biological and humanistic approaches provide explanations as to the development of personality. Not only do these two approaches explain the development of personality, but also...
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