...This essay will confirm this theory by analysing bilingual’s cognitive affect in memory, task switching and attention and demonstrate how these aspects relate to having a better academic performance. Numerous studies were found measuring and comparing memory, task switching and attention of bilingual and monolingual children. Result have indicate that bilingual consist of many cognitive advantage that outperformed monolinguals in cognitive task, however bilingual experience more difficulty when approaching in verbal and vocabulary task. Overall Studies showed evidence of cognitive advantage in bilingual children that may result in a better academic performance. Bilingual Children and Academic Performance Education is a form of learning and acquiring the knowledge and skills that are transferred from one generation to the next. (Lee, 2009) Academic performance in a student educational journey is one of the most significant aspects in regards to a child’s academic outcome. In many cases it is often promoted that being bilingual is a contributing factor to enhancing a child’s academic performance. In Australia, statistics show that there are around 22 million Australians speaking in approximately 400 different languages or were either bilingual (Australian Bureau Statistics, 2009). As statistics highlight the fact that there is an increasing rate of people who communicate in more than one language, researches are shifting towards the need for support and understanding of bilingualism...
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...Television and Child Development By Gabriel Pitaro For my book report I chose the book Television and Child Development by Judith Van Evra. In her writing Van Evra delves into the increased presence of media and technology amongst children in todays society and the effects it is having on their development. She breaks it down into four different categories, physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. Throughout the book Evra explores the ways in which media actually effects children as well as the other variables that come into play in the development of a child. By doing all of this research her goal is to find ways to maximize technology’s potential for improving development while neutralizing the negative effects as much as possible. Her research spans well beyond television, observing the effects video games, DVDs, cell phones and the Internet have on children as well. Overall I found it to be a very compelling book that had many strong connections to the material we learned in this course. Evra begins her book by reviewing previous findings and theories about psychology and child development. Many of the theories she covers are ones that we have also reviewed in our course. She discusses Bandura and his theory of model behavior as it applies to television. Bandura conducted a study where two groups of children would watch an adult act aggressively towards a doll before being given a chance to interact with the doll themselves. For one group, the adult was...
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...Intro Psych Personal Development Assignment: 18 years old 12 years old 1. I am shy. 1. I am loud 2. I am independent and dependent. 2. I am the class clown 3. I am open-minded and strong minded. 3. I am uncertain 4. I am a hardworking student. 4. I am generous 5. I am outspoken. 5. I am dependent 6. I am focused. 6. I am gullible 7. I am opinionated. 8. I am not that trusting of people. 9. I am outgoing and funny. 10. I am obedient. As I compare my twelve year old self to the person I am now, I have grown physically which is already a given but I have also grown mentally. I am independent and dependent. A contradiction. As a college student this “freedom” is new to me. I get to stay up late without my parents nagging me for staying up, I get to go out without permission and I get to make my own schedule when it comes to college classes and time management but I am dependent because I am not working so my mother pays for tuition. I say I am shy yet I’m outgoing. I’m still outgoing when I meet new people and try new things and I’m still shy when it comes to certain situations for example being the first to raise my hand and fearing I’m wrong...
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...According to Aristotle psychology is the branch of science which investigates the soul and its properties. Aristotle thinks of the soul as a general principle of life. In view of this Aristotle's psychology studies all living beings, and not merely those he regards as having minds, human beings. So, in De Anima, he takes it as his task to provide an account of the life activities of plants and animals, alongside those of humans. This conception by Aristotle as substantiated by his subject matter which claims that Aristotle’s psychology is concerned with giving an account of all those activities which are characteristics of living things, puts his theory in sharp contrast to the dualistic conception of the soul by Plato and modern psychology which focuses on conscious and intentional state. Plato, unlike Aristotle had conjectured that man is a composite of soul which is non-physical and a body which is physical. Plato’s psychology has it that the soul pre-existed the body and it continuous to exist at the demise of the body and that the soul has independent existence of the body. Aristotle, bearing the weaknesses of Plato’s psychology in mind, decides to put in his say on psychology. To this end, this essay seeks to examine critically Aristotle’s contribution to psychology. In this attempt, the essay will examine Aristotle’s soul and body relationship, his treatment of the soul from natural science and the fact the soul does not survive the demise of the body. To start with...
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...In the book Theories of Development Psychology, chapter 2 reflects on Piaget’s Cognitive-Stage Theory and the Neo-Piagetian. Where it is discussed the Stage Approach that Piaget claims to be the cognitive development that proceeds from different stages. Piaget believed that a stage is a period of time where the child is experiencing the thinking process and behavior to situations under a mental structure that develops between an age group that will categorize their stage. On the other hand, chapter 5 discusses the Social Learning Theory where it concentrates on the observational learning that models of an environment where it focuses on the socialization that the society attempts to teach children the way they need to behave as adults. In which...
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...Bab I Pendahuluan I.A. The Nature of Anxiety Rasa takut merupakan emosi normal individu terhadap ancaman dari lingkungan. Anak usia pra-sekolah biasanya takut akan perpisahan, gelap, orang asing, imaginery beings, dan binatang sedangkan anak usia sekolah biasanya takut akan kemunkinan terluka, kesendirian, gelap, dan binatang. Dalam proses perkembangan normal, anak dapat mengatasi rasa takut itu dengan menggunakan adaptive defense mechanism. Misalnya, setelah mimpi buruk seorang anak mengingatkan dirinya sendiri bahwa itu hanyalah mimpi dan bukan sesuatu yang nyata. Anak juga dapat menilai besaran rasa takutnya terhadap sebuah stimulus tertentu. Misalnya, seorang anak dapat menilai bahwa saat ini stimulus itu terlalu menyebabkan kecemassan sehingga untuk sementara dia tidak akan pergi ke arah stimulus itu. (Wenar & Kerig, 2005) Seorang anak dikatakan memiliki gangguan kecemasan apabila rasa takut tersebut berlebihan dan anak gagal menggunakan defense mechanism untuk mengatasi rasa takut itu. Perbedaan gangguan kecemasan dan rasa takut yang normal teletak pada intensitas situasi, perilaku maladaptif, persistence, di luar kontrol anak, dan tidak dapat dijelaskan ataupun diselesaikan. (Wenar & Kerig, 2005) I.B. Anxiety Disorders Dalam dua puluh tahun terakhir ini, pemahaman mengenai psikopatologi, course, dan ketidakmampuan berkaitan dengan gangguan kecemasan mengalami kemajuan. Sebelumnya, kecemasan dianggap sebagai bagian yang normal dalam perkembangan...
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...International Management Homework Completed by : Christiana Wijaya Kinshi Perdana Cari info 6 besar FDI di Indonesia ( 6 negara besar yang investasi di Indo & apa investasinya ) ! Being a developing country, Indonesia requires a substantial amount of cash for national development. This large amount of fund is there as there is a need to catch up with other developments, especially in developed countries, either regional or global. Indonesia is not being capable enough in providing the funds for those developments. Besides digging up domestic incomes, the government has also tried to invite financing from other countries which is called Foreign Direct Investment According to Krugman (1994), FDI is a flow of international capital whereby a company from a country sets up or widens its company in another country. Hence, not only there is a redeployment of resources, but also there is an implementation of control towards companies abroad. The main objectives of FDI are to look for resources, look for market, look for efficiency, and also to look for political security. In short, Foreign Direct Investment is known as an investment made by a company or entity based in one country, into a company or entity which is based in another country. * According to BKPM (Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board), the realization of Foreign Direct Investment, usually mentioned as FDI, could be differentiated based on several aspects, namely sector, location, and also country...
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...Essay preview AS and A Level Sociological Differentiation & Stratification "Compare and contrast modernisation theory and dependency theory as explanations of development and under-development" The two theories, modernisation and dependency both give valid and just explanations for development and underdevelopment. There is a notable likeness in them both but there are also many differences and neither escape criticisms. Modernisation theory was before dependency theory and was developed in the 1950/60s; the theory is based on 4 main assumptions. Western societies are the most advanced in terms of technological, social and political terms, countries go through a series of stages on their route to becoming advanced, this path is a 'natural' form of development and there must be something preventing them from doing this and finally, these underdeveloped nations can advance without an changes taking place in the finance and trading patterns of the capitalist world. The modernisation theory is politically conservative as it sees nations being undeveloped because they lack the qualities that developed nations have, this is compared with the dependency theory who see this underdevelopment due to the exploitation of advanced nations. W.W. Rostow is one of the most notable modernisation theorists; he argued that there are a number of stages that a traditional society has to pass through to become a modern society. His work is combined with the four key elements above and his...
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...Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) refers to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the fields of socioeconomic development, international development and human rights. The theory behind this is that more and better information and communication furthers the development of a society. Aside from its reliance on technology, ICT4D also requires an understanding of community development, poverty, agriculture, healthcare, and basic education.Richard Heeks suggests that the I in ICT4D is related with “library and information sciences”, the C is associated with “communication studies", the T is linked with “information systems", and the D for “development studies”.[1] It is aimed at bridging the digital divide and aid economic development by fostering equitable access to modern communications technologies. It is a powerful tool for economic and social development.[2] Other terms can also be used for "ICT4D" or "ICT4Dev" ("ICT for development") like ICTD ("ICT and development", which is used in a broader sense[3]) and development informatics. ICT4D can mean as dealing with disadvantaged populations anywhere in the world, but it is more seen with applications in developing countries. It concerns with directly applying information technology approaches to poverty reduction. ICTs can be applied directly, wherein its use directly benefits the disadvantaged population, or indirectly, wherein it can assist aid organisations or non-governmental...
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...BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY NAME MATAIRE MUNYARADZI COURSE TITLE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PLANNING COURSE CODE DG 420 PROGRAMME BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS IN DEGREE IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES LECTURER DR I MBERENGWA ASSIGNMENT TITLE ARTICLE REVIEW: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE FAST TRACK LAND REFORM PROGRAMME ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN ZIMBABWE: A CASE OF VUNGU RURAL DISTRICT (2000-2009) BY: CHIEDZA KIMBERLEY CHABHONGORA, CRISPEN HAHLANI AND PERCYSLAGE CHIGORA (2010) TITLE: An analysis of the impact of the fast track land reform programme on disaster management in Zimbabwe: A case of Vungu rural district (2000-2009). PROBLEM: The fast track land reform program (FTLRP) in Zimbabwe did not adequately address disaster management and environmental sustainability. The process was chaotic and failed to meet the real needs of the people but in fact strived to achieve political agendas. The FTLRP was poorly planned because there was no supportive infrastructure and systems that were meant to assist the newly resettled famers. As such production on the farms dropped significantly leading to the farmers engaging in other livelihood activities which were detrimental to the environment and which increased the vulnerability of the people to drought. OBJECTIVES: • To analyze the implications...
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...THE ECOTOURISM IN CALAUG, QUEZON: IT'S POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Abstract In Calauag, Quezon, ecotourism is a term yet to be coined by its local inhabitants. Calauag, Quezon is a first class municipality in the province of Quezon in Region IV-A. It belongs to the Luzon group of islands. Calauag is partly urban but still is considered as an agricultural municipality. Statistics would show that a small slice of its land is used for the urban core of the municipality which is as much as 1.59 hectares out of the 42, 318 hectares of land. The rest is devoted to agriculture. (Vesorde, 2011) Ecotourism, in its very essence is intended to provide cultural unity and economic improvement to its local inhabitants while fostering environmental education. Wildlife and natural surroundings are the assets of ecotourism such as those found in Calauag, Quezon, hence the researcher, being born and raised in this municipality, thought of conducting a study which assesses its real potentials for ecotourism development. Furthermore, the researcher intends to point out the strengths, weaknesses, and possible future effect of the study area for developing it into eco-tourist spot. With this in mind, this thesis entitled “The Ecotourism in Calaug, Quezon: It's Potential Development” was conceptualized. This study was conducted to assess the potential development of ecotourism in Calauag, Quezon. Specifically, it aims to focus on the following sub problems, viz. a viz.: (1) What are the demographic...
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...humiliations they suffer on the line of duty. T Abrefa-Gyan (2002) Ultimately, people lack a productive and household asset, which leads to urban poverty. So urban poverty is indicated as an urgent issue to be addressed and realised as many policies and development work focus on the rural areas yet rural - urban migration influx is high and continues to perplex modernisation in the city. Kiguli,J. (2004) Woldiya in search of employment and to utilize urban services and education. Hence, the out flow of economically active people from the rural agricultural sector has a negative effect on production in the areas of origin and the receiving area now experiences problems such as a shortage of housing, unemployment, increasing cost of living, lack of access to social services, Therefore, to mitigate the problem of rural-urban migration is launching of integrated rural development policy. Miheretu, Birhan Asmame (2011-06) The regression analysis shows that rural-urban migration contributes significantly towards the development of their rural communities through monetary remittances and the involvement of the rural-urban migrants in community development projects. Based on the findings, recommendations such as initiation of development projects based on the identified needs of each of the rural communities to augment the effects of migration in the study area are made. (2013) Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero and Patience C. Onokala The adjustment of migrants to urban living is a difficult concept...
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...Discuss who is responsible for producing global leaders. A leader is an individual that has made decision to succeed. This individual is not afraid to try new things and to master them. Leaders are creative and they excel at anything that they put their hands to do. Leaders help others by becoming trailblazers to create a path of success for his/her families, friends, or colleagues to follow. Leaders are not selfish individuals; they rise with the intentions to conquer the day. Leaders plan for the future not complaining about minor things that they can’t change, yet they remain unstoppable towards their goals. Leaders are able to humbly take criticisms and direction and to quickly correct those things that may have been challenged. Leaders are always seeking ways to improve every aspect of their lives. They are business woman and business men that are serious about creating new opportunities. Leaders influence others to become great and to have an assisting hand in helping others to become successful. A leader is admired by many; and attracts followers because of their confidence. Global leaders are created at home first. They are shaped and molded by their parents who never give them an option to give up or settle. These parents are not satisfied with just enough, or hear the words “I Can’t”. These children are future leaders, will bloom into adolescent and then adults; remembering the instructions. After this foundation has been established...
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...O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT 2013 GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: INVESTMENT AND TRADE FOR DEVELOPMENT New York and Geneva, 2013 ii World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development NOTE The Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD is a global centre of excellence, dealing with issues related to investment and enterprise development in the United Nations System. It builds on four decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis, intergovernmental consensusbuilding, and provides technical assistance to over 150 countries. The terms country/economy as used in this Report also refer, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The major country groupings used in this Report follow the classification of the United Nations Statistical Office. These are: Developed countries:...
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...Non-profit organizations play a key role in the world’s economy. Organizations like Opportunity International assists people in developing countries give back to the community. In the 25 years of the company, Opportunity International has assisted over one million people in 28 different countries. Developing countries do not have financial institutions such as banks where the under privileged can receive loans to start an entrepreneurship. That is where organizations like Opportunity International comes into play. These people, who are mostly women, that take advantage of Opportunity International, receive microloans so they can start and invest in a business. Even though microloans maybe only 100 to 200 dollars, a small amount to someone in a developed country, can make a huge difference to a village in an under-developed country. By having investors, the community grows and prospers from that one investment. This also includes the investors themselves. This provides the investors with opportunities for growth as an individual as well as providing employment for the community. For example, Pamela took advantage of the services offered by Opportunity International. She used the training to start a small mushroom business. She employed three people to assist in the business, which in return provided profit to feed her family, send her husband to school, and support her community. As they explained in the video, Pamela was another person in an underdeveloped country...
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