Cognitive psychology
Mann, Vrij and Bull
Aim:
To investigate the difference between lying in real life setting and in an experimental situation.
Participant group: * 16 suspects; 13 males and 3 females. * 15 Caucasians, 1 Asian * Theft, arson, attempted rape and murder
Research method: * Quasi experiment. * Independent Variable: where the police was telling the truth or lying. Data collection process: * By watching an hour long video consisting of clips of 16 suspects telling truth and lies. Type of data collected: * Quantitative data was collected. * Hour-Long video consisting clips of 16 suspects. * 27truth / 38lies. 65 total clips that varied in length.
Results:
* Behaviors: * Pauses * Head movement LOFTUS and PICKRELL
Aim:
* To understand how we become tricked about a revised data of what we witnessed
Participant group: * 24 participants went to the lab with a close family member. * 3 males and 21 females (aged between 18-53)
Research method: * Laboratory Experiment
Data collection: * They collected a lot of personal information about these participants, which makes it QUALITATIVE * They compared the amount of people who recalled False memos, which makes it QUANTITATIVE
Special material: * 5 page booklet with instructions * 4 short stories of events their relative explained * 3 lies and 1 truth
Results:
* Out of 72 true stories only 49 were remembered, * 19/24 people identified the mall story as false. * 75 people said they didn’t remember the event of being lost in a mall.
Conclusion:
* False memories can be formed ‘cause they related them with actual events BARON---Cohen

BACKGROUD OF STUDY:

AUTISM: Autism is a brain disorder that makes it difficult to communicate and relate with others.

CAUSES OF AUTISM: It is thought to be inherited from family. It might also be caused by other medical problems or by something that is of the child’s surroundings. Another reason is that it could also be caused by childhood vacancies; however it is not yet proved scientifically.

ASPERGER’S SYNDROME: This is condition that involves delays in the development of many basic skills, most notably the ability to socialize with others, to communicate and to use imagination.

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Aim: * If adults with high functioning with autism or AS would be impaired on a theory of mind test called “Reading the mind in the eye task”. They also wanted to know if females would be better than men in doing this task.
Research Method: * Natural experiment of quasi experiment.
Data collection * The participants had to look at pair of eyes and choose from the options they were given that the person was feeling. * Quantitative data, in the form of scores on the eye task.
Results:
* Adults with Autism * 16.3 of mean * Normal adults * 20.3 of mean * Normal males = 18.8 of mean, Normal Females = 21.8
Conclusion:
* Adults with AS or Autism have more difficulties with the eye task.