...Bipolar I Disorder Description Bipolar I Disorder is characterized as a mental illness with both manic and depressive episodes. Signs of a manic episode include the following symptoms: grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, increased talkativeness/pressures speech, flight of ideas/racing thoughts, distractibility, increased in goal-directed activity, and participating in high risk activities (Comer 2016). Including this the common symptoms of mania, some individuals experience delusion, having false about what is taking place, or hallucinations, seeing or hearing things that aren’t there. Lastly depressive episodes include the following symptoms: Feelings of sadness /hopelessness, sudden angry outbursts, loss of interest, sleep disturbances,...
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...Depression Paper Nuewana Fultz 8/15/2015 PSY/270 Debbi Kutner University of Phoenix Unipolar and Bipolar There is often a confusion between Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder Depression due to the fact they share the same symptoms of sadness, hopelessness, pessimism; anxiety and sleep problems; although Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Depression take very different directions. It is important that we are able to tell them apart and understand the differences in diagnosing and treating these disorders. Making an inaccurate diagnosis can result in making the disorder worse. There are two types of mood disorders: Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder. It is believed both are genetic disorders and they share many of the same symptoms. These disorders differ in treatments, and some of the symptoms are also different. Both can be very severe and carry a risk of suicide. Unipolar Depression Unipolar depression is a mood disorder that is categorized by depression without mania. Depression and mania are the opposite of each other; depression is a state of sadness that one is overcome by all of life’s challenges, whereas mania is when one is on a state of elation and has extravagant beliefs that the world is theirs. Unipolar can be brought on by many different types of circumstances one experiences chemically or in life’s...
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...Psychiatric Diseases, Disorders, and Drugs LaTisha Davis Psych 240 April 15, 2012 Psychiatric Diseases, Disorders, and Drugs Mood disorders are by definition disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state. Almost anyone can suffer from mood disorders including children. These disorders range from depression, bipolar disorder to mania. In each of the states of the disorder, the person is either in a euphoric state or extremely sad state of mind. Although a person may experience mood changes in their life, and may be happy at times and then sad other time, it become a psychological disorder when the symptoms last longer than a certain amount of time. Depression is the most common mood disorder. With depression comes feelings of overwhelming sadness, lack of interest in activities, and excessive feelings of guilt or worthlessness. People who suffer from depression feel they have failed tremendously in life and therefore find it hard to be sociable, they are always tired, and they never feel comfort or pleasure. They find it hard to concentrate on anything and they lose interest in sex and food as a result. Some of the signs of depression include changes in short-term memory, insomnia, and in extreme cases suicide weighs heavily on their minds. There are two categories for depression; major depressive disorder is the term used to describe intense sadness, depressed mood, and loss of interest in almost everything. Dysthymia is a milder form of depression with the same symptoms...
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...Depression Amanda Harrod HCA/240 July 5, 2015 Kim Dankert Depression Depression is an illness that many American’s suffer from. 40 million adults in the United States suffer from depression (National Institute of Mental Health). People that have depression often feel sad, hopeless, worthless, ashamed, or guilty. They often lose interest in activities that they once found to be pleasurable. A person with depression may have trouble completing their daily activities. Those that suffer from this terrible illness often have thoughts of suicide. There are a few myths of depression. Many believe that those that suffer from depression are crazy. There are some people that believe that depression is a medical disease. Such as a disease like diabetes. Also it is believed that depression is just a large case of the blues. Lastly, some believe that depression only affects losers or women. One of the earliest treatments for depression was psychoanalysis. There are signs and symptoms of depression. Feeling helpless and believing that nothing will ever get better. Losing interest in hobbies that you used to love, or even losing interest in having sex. Appetite changes, or weight changes. Sleeping too little or too much for your body. Feeling angry or violent because everything and everyone is getting on your nerves. Feeling like you are worthless. Drug use or gambling to help make you feel better. Depression has been linked to reduced serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in...
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...Gender Identity Disorder Defined To be diagnosis with Gender Identity Disorder (GID) the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR) says “There are two components of Gender Identity Disorder, both of which must be present too make the diagnosis. There must be evidence of a strong and persistent cross- gender identification, which is the desire to be, or the insistence that one is, of the other sex. There must also be evidence of persistent discomfort about one's assigned sex or sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex. To make the diagnosis, there must be evidence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR], 2000). There are several diagnosis mentioned in the DSM. Transvestic Fetishism is when heterosexual men cross dress for sexual excitement. These people don't necessarily have childhood cross gender behaviors. Schizophrenia patients may demonstrate Gender Identity Disorder behaviors. The DSM is used by many mental health workers to officially diagnosis a patient, most insurance companies won't pay for treatment if proper diagnosis hasn't been made. Kenneth Zucker PH.D. is a well known psychologist and sexologist, and head of the child and adolescent gender identity clinic at Toronto's Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Zucker supports GID being listed as a disorder in the DSM. He has also been chosen to by the APA to...
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...Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV-TR) Anxiety disorder Mood/Affective disorder definitions Anxiety is a disorder in which a person feels intense fear of something that should not be feared in such an extreme way, or something that is non-existent. Mood/affective disorder is a feeling or mood that is inappropriate or extreme for the situation. Examine Various Classifications Generalized anxiety disorder: chronic nervousness or fear which is not warranted by an object or situation. Panic disorder: feelings of intense danger even though there is no present danger Phobias: persistent, irrational fear of an object or situation Obsessive-compulsive disorder: uncontrollable thoughts and compulsive actions that are associated with those thoughts Post traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder: intense fear of an object or situation which occurs after suffering a traumatic experience Major depressive episode: a person must show at least five symptoms in order to be diagnosed with this disorder. The following are the symptoms associated with this disorder: extreme depression which lasts most of the day for a period of time, lack of interest in activities that would normally be pleasurable, weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, persistent fatigue, cognitive difficulties, thoughts or attempts of suicide Manic episode: elevated self-esteem, less need for sleep, racing thoughts, extreme distraction, excessive talking, excessive interest and productiveness at...
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...Autism is part of a group of neurological disorders. There are two specified groups pertaining to autism. Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD), and Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). within PDD-NOS falls Rett Syndrome and Childhood Disintegrative Disorders. Autism is referred to in today’s medical field as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). (NICHD.gov) Although there are different level of autism; levels referring to severity, everyone that has autism falls under the category of “ASD“, Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism affects the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Children and adults with autism have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions and leisure or play activities. This disorder makes it hard for them to relate to the outside world. It is hard for them to communicate with others. Aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present in some cases. (Autism Speaks, 2009) The word "Autism," which has used for the last one-hundred years, comes from the Greek word "autos," meaning "self." The term describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction (self removed). Eugene Bleuler, who was a Swiss psychiatrist, was the first person to use the term Autism in 1911 (Wikipedia ). Autism research and discovery is greatly in part to the research of Leo Kanner, a psychiatrist who became the first physician in the world to be titled...
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...Major depressive disorder is a psychological disorder that has been on the rise. From 2005 to 2014 the amount of cases of major depressive disorder has gone up from 8.8% to 9.6 percent. Many of the increased statistics is shown in the young adult age group or those from ages 18 to 20. Major depressive disorder is a disorder that can affect anyone however and has affected many people through out history. Many great leaders have suffered major depressive disorder and it is something that makes it hard to live life like a normal human being. Many people ask what is major depressive disorder. It is classified as being in a constant state of sadness for anytime longer than two weeks. Many people who suffer from major depressive disorder lose...
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...Seasonal Affective Disorder Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Abstract Seasonal affective disorder is currently on the rise with statistics showing that more than10 million Americans have been affected by the disorder. Additionally 10-20% has exhibited mild seasonal affective disorder. It is not only for the high number that the topic was chosen but because it affects people of the age between 23 and 27 with few cases reported among children and adolescents (Weiner, 2013, p.101). . The affected are young generation and represent the future of humanity. The disorder affects mainly women compared to men. One of the astonishing facts is that 35% affected individual contemplate committing suicide (Weiner, 2013, p.102). This essay, therefore, will look into the definition, symptoms, how it affects those close to the individual suffering, treatments and options for dealing with the disorder. Seasonal affective disorder is a recurrent type of depression that is related to the seasonal variation of the light. The majority of seasonal affective disorder cases are reported in late fall or early winter seasons and change to normal in the summer. 10 million people are reported to suffer from this mood disorder every winter in the United States of America. The disorder is often diagnosed as either major depressive disorder, bipolar I or bipolar II. Major depressive disorder is the most common diagnosed of the three. A diagnosis of the disorder is made after three consecutive...
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...Abstract Paraphilic disorders affect people from every race, sex, age, nationality, religion, social and economic status. These disorders can be prevalent in the life span of an individual or during particular stages of an individual’s life. The time of onset for any particular paraphilic disorder could indicate different etiologies and interventions. This paper will examine the various paraphilic disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The term paraphilia means any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or consensual sex among two adults. The different disorders will be examined along with...
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...social approach and failure of normal back-and-forth conversation; to reduced sharing interests, emotions or affect; to failure to initiate or respond to social interactions. 2. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction ranging from poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication; to abnormalities in eye contact and body language or deficits in understating and use of gestures; to a total lack of facial expressions and nonverbal communication. 3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understating relationships ranging from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social context; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends; to absence of interest in peers. Specify current severity: Level 1, Level 2, Level 3 B. Restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested by at least two of the following, currently or by history: 1. Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech (e.g., simple motor stereotypies, lining up toys, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases). 2. Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior (e.g., extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food every day). 3. Highly restricted, fixated interest that are abnormal in intensity or focus (e.g., strong attachment to or preoccupation...
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...Psychological Disorders May 8, 2011 Heather O’Connell Axia College of university of Phoenix People every day suffer from a variety of psychological disorders; there are a wide range of disorders along with drugs that can help to lessen the effects of the disorders. This paper will discuss Schizophrenia, Depression, Mania, Anxiety disorder, and Tourette syndrome. Let us begin with Schizophrenia; this disorder is where a person’s psychic functions are spilt. It is hard for someone to diagnosis this disorder because many of the symptoms are the same as other disorders and neurological disorders. There are several symptoms that can be associated with schizophrenia, but not only one symptom alone can be grounds for a diagnosis of this disorder. The symptoms include delusions, incoherent thought, odd behaviors, and inappropriate affect. There are several different medications that are used in the treatment of schizophrenia that all have their own advantages and disadvantages. There are two classifications of medications that are used to treat this disorder, antipsychotics and atypical. There is a theory that surrounds schizophrenia; it is called the dopamine theory. This theory states that schizophrenia is cause by a person having too much dopamine. The way that the drugs work is they decrease the amount of dopamine that is produced in the brain. Depression is a disorder that is characterized by person’s feelings of impending sadness, guilt, worthlessness, and the...
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...Behavior Analysis and Autism Spectrum Disorder Psychology PS501-03 Dr. Valerie Balldin March 18, 2014 Behavior Analysis and Autism Spectrum Disorder Abstract Autism refers to a group of development brain syndromes, collectively known as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).The term spectrum is a wide range of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability, or impairments that children with ASD can have. Some of the ASD children are insignificantly impaired by their symptoms while others are severe. Behavior Analysis and Autism Spectrum Disorder According to American Psychiatric Association; "Autism is a neuro-development syndrome defined by deficits in social reciprocity and communication, and by unusual restricted, repetitive behaviors.” (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). It is a condition that usually begins at infancy-before or by three years old. Affected children begin by not using words to communicate though they may recite the alphabet and familiar passages. There is a wide variation of the degree in the way autism spectrum affects individuals. Each child with autism has a unique abilities, challenges and symptoms. Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder: Even though Autism is not a single Disorder; but it is a spectrum of closely related Disorders with a shared core of symptoms: makes...
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...Depression is a common mental disorder. At times people may feel desperation and hopelessness. If this is one of the moods you are experiencing, then you may be depressed. Depression is a continuing and persistent mood that can interfere with your life. It’s represented by feelings of guilt, sadness, and self-doubt. Most people will get affected by depression at one point in their lives through a close friend or a family member. Whatever the cause, events in your life causes chemical changes in your brain. There are many types of depression Such as; persistent depressive disorder, seasonal affective disorder, and psychotic depression. First, persistent depressive disorder is an ongoing depression that last for two years or longer, also known...
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...is a mental health disorder that affects your body, mind, and mood. Individuals with depression cannot get better on their own; they must have some help with treatments and medications. If they do not seek help, their depression will worsen and ruin their life. With treatment their depression can be controlled and reduce their depression. Experiencing depression can potentially ruin your self-esteem and lead hopelessness, creating a heavy financial, emotional, and social burden to oneself and family. Depression disorder comes in various types of forms. The three major depressions are dysthmic disorder, bipolar disorder, and major disorder. Dysthmic disorder is characterized by chronic depression, but with less severity than a major depression (Donald J Franklin) and when one experiences depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years without a break free of depressive symptoms of more than two months (Laura Epstein). Individual with dysthmia disorder often can live a normal life but from time to time, they can feel depressed. Bipolar disorder is psychiatric diagnosis that describes a category of mood disorders, or mood swings, defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormal elevated mood (27). People with bipolar can be normal in a minute and then have a manic episode. The most serious type of depression is major depressive disorder (MDD) also known as unipolar depression or clinical depression is a mental disorder characterized by a...
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