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Divisive Political Events of the 1830s

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During the 1830s and 1840s in America, there were several political events that divided the nation. Three of these were the abolishment of the Second Bank of the United States, the signing of the Indian Removal Act, and the abolitionists' antislavery offensive in 1835.
One point of national controversy was regarding the existence of a national bank. The First Bank of the United States was a centralized, national bank chartered in 1791 for a term of 20 years. Its purpose was to hold federal funds and help stabilize the country's finances. When the bank's charter expired in 1811, Congress created a Second Bank of the United States whose charter was to expire in 1836.
President Jackson was distrustful of banks and was very much opposed to having a federal bank. When Senator Henry Clay proposed an early rechartering of the bank in 1832, the bill was passed in Congress but vetoed by President Jackson. According to Jackson, the federal bank was unauthorized by the Constitution and destructive to states' and individual rights. This was the beginning of what came to be known as the Bank War.
Those who were in favor of the bank tended to be bankers, developers, and those in the business community. Since the wealthy were the ones who had the most to gain by having a national bank, the bank gained a reputation for being pro-aristocracy and against the common man. Those in the Senate who supported the bank were angered by this move and censured Jackson, but the censure was eventually removed and Jackson won the Bank War.
A second point of division in the nation was regarding the Indian Removal Act. Until 1830, there were over 100,000 Indians living in the southwestern United States. Although the Treaty of 1791 established the Cherokees' right to reside in their homeland in Georgia, the whites who lived in Georgia wanted to move the Indians so that the land could be mined for

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