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Unit 13- Adventure Tourism
Task 1
Introduction
Adventure travel is a type of tourism, involving exploration or travel with possibly risk, and potentially requiring specialized skills and physical exertion. Adventure tourism involves activities that are physically challenging. Adventure tourism is traveling that consists of having fun traveling to far distant or exotic destination for the purpose of exploration or engaging in a variety of challenging activities. Here are some examples of water-based, land-based and air based adventure tourism activities; bungee jumping, canoeing, caving and horse riding. In the 20th century rise in popularity of rambling, hiking and camping, a much wider cross-section of the public started to experience the great outdoor activities.
Cannock Chase
Cannock Chase District is located between Stafford and Birmingham and contains the district centres of Cannock, Hednesford and Rugeley, It is open all year. Cannock Chase Forest is separated by several roads. There are many activities which we can do in Cannock Chase, first of all the Birches Valley Forest Centre is an excellent starting point for an exhilarating day out on Cannock Chase. Cannock chase has the best bike trails in the Midlands, and the best woodland walks to have an adventurous experience and Go Ape.
Visitor Centres in Cannock Chase http://www.visitcannockchase.co.uk/Do.htm Birches Valley Forest Centre
Birches Valley Forest Centre is an exciting starting point in Cannock Chase. It consists of the best bike trails in the Midlands and a woodland adventure play and Go Ape. The activities includes he Route to Health Sculpture Trail, tourists will be allowed to follow the Dog and the Monkey bike trails, the adventure play area, Go Ape tree top adventure course and Forest Segway Experience. Birches Valley Forest Centre is also home to Birches Valley Café and Swinnerton Cycles bike offering sales, service and bike hire. Car park is open all year round from dawn to dusk- £1.50 for 1 hour and £3 all day. www.goape.co.uk

Cannock Chase Visitor Centre
The Visitor Centre and Café at Marquis Drive is open 7 days a week and is the starting point for numerous self-guided walking and family cycling trails, including routes for disabilities. Electric scooters are available, free of charge, for people with mobility problems. There is an adventure playground, picnic sites, BBQ stands, and a bird watching area. The shop sells maps and souvenirs. There are toilets including disabled provision. Staffordshire County Council Countryside Service organises a full programme of walks and events across the county, details of these are published in a free leaflet which is available from Cannock Chase Visitor Centres.

Chase water Country Park
Leisure hunts at Chase water Country Park which includes; walking, cycling, angling, crazy golf, boating and a pedal go-kart track. A number of organisations offering power boating, sailing, a heritage steam railway, and an outdoor education centre.

Chase Water Innovation Centre
It is an environmentally friendly visitor and conferencing centre situated in prime position at the entrance to Chasewater Country Park and Reservoir. The visitor centre consists of a Café, gift shop and recreational workshops that is open 7 days a week. The leisure within the Country Park includes; walking, cycling, angling, sailing, water skiing, crazy gold, boating, pedal go Karting track and a heritage steam railway. The Country Park is recognised by Natural England for its unique and varied environmental habitat.

Museum of Cannock Chase
It is located on the edge of Hednesford Hills; the Museum of Cannock chase illustrates the rich industrial heritage of the area, and the social and domestic life of times past. Tourists are able to trace the history of Cannock Chase in the Local History gallery. You will find out local family lived in Victorian Miner’s Cottage gallery. They provide a history of Toys and Coal galleries provide an exciting interactive experience for families. Admission is free.

Staffordshire Wild Life Trust Visitor& Education Centre

The visitor centre is set in 26 acres of landscapes gardens. The grounds were once the ancestral home of the Wolsey family, now managed with wild life. Tourists are able to try a self-guided circular nature walk alongside the Stafford Brook and River Trent; they will be able to explore the woodland and wetland habitat whilst spending time to relax with the wild life and sensory gardens. There are interactive visitor displays, gift shops and refreshments. Parking to the centre and grounds are free, an average visit will take up to 3 hours long.
Shugborough Estate

Shugborough is an historic estate located on the fringes of Cannock Chase; the estate is set in 900 acres of stunning parklands and riverside gardens consisting of an elegant mansion house. The mansion consists of working Victorian servant’s quarters, Georgian farm& mill and restored walled gardens, all brought to life by costume living history characters who share their lives with powerful stores from the past with visitors. In addition, the attraction also features a land train ride, play park, rare breed animals, restaurant& team rooms, gift shops, craft shops, ice cream kiosks, and old fashioned sweet shops. It is open Wednesday to Monday 11.00am till 5.00pm.

Background

Cannock has population of 29,018, it is the most populous of three towns in the district of Cannock Chase in. In the central southern parts of the county of Staffordshire in the West Midlands region of England. Cannock lies in the North of the West Midlands in the City on the M6, A34 and A5 roads, and to the south of Cannock Chase. Cannock is known to be an ‘Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty’ (AONB). Cannock is served by a railway station on the Chase line. Cannock forms part of the Cannock Built-up Area (population 86,121 in the 2011) which also includes; Cheslyn Hay, Great Wyrley, Hednesford, Huntington, Heath Hayes and Wimblebury.[3]

The scenery in Cannock Chase has an area of high sandstone heather and bracken heathland with birch woodland and extensive pint plantations. The valleys in Cannock chase are rimmed/ private and the whole area is marked by gentler landscape of fine parklands, cultured farm land and attractive villages. Wild deer roam the Chase and are common sight when out walking. Most of the area including heathland, woodland and valley wetland habitats, are protected by Sites of Special Scientific Interest. The heaths are the largest surviving example of this habitat in the Midlands and support some interesting species of wildlife including the nightjar, adders and lizards.

The Chase is overlapped by many footpaths and paths. There are excellent opportunities for walking especially if shared with one of the points of interest detailed above. In addition there are also signed Forestry Commission trails and the Staffordshire Way crosses the north-western part of the AONB. Despite the small scale of the area, when out walking the landscape gives the impression of being larger than it actually is. This enables the Chase accommodate the many people attracted by its scenery without it feeling too overcrowded.

Tourism

Cannock Chase "the green heart of Staffordshire" is perfectly placed. At its heart lie the majestic woodlands, valleys and heathlands of Cannock Chase, an internationally praised to be an ‘Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty’. Cannock Chase is the smallest mainland Area of Outstanding natural Beauty (AONB) in England and Wales. Cannock Chase comes with beautiful landscapes, the Chase has important and unusual wildlife, including the Cannock Chase berry, Small Pearl Bordered Fritillary butterfly and a herd of wild Fallow Deer. Uncommon birds including the Nightjar and Woodlark. Trees are an important part of the Chase and include Oaks in Brocton Coppice which are 600 years old to Birch and Pine woodlands great for walking and cycling. There is a fascinating history to the Chase, where there was once mining, charcoal and glass making. Extensive area of the Chase were used for military training and army camps for World Wars I and II. Over 1.5 million people visit the Chase every year to walk, cycle, have a picnic with family or friends and enjoy the peace and quiet.

Introduction
I will examine the adventure tourism activities in Cannock Chase which include detailed examples of; water based, land based and adventure tourism activities, Cannock Chase does not consist of any air based activities.

http://www.visitcannockchase.co.uk/DoActivities.htm
Activities in Cannock Chase
Fishing in Cannock Chase
Cannock chase has four magnificent pools for Fishing in the beautiful Fairoak Valley. The Fairoak Fishing pools are run by the Prince Albert Society (PAAS). The cost of Fishing per day is £16.50 each day Monday to Friday or £33.00 for all week per adult.

Cannock Chase Horse riding

Cannock Chase trekking Centre is a relaxed and a friendly environment, they provide a memorable horse riding experience to the spectacular countryside of Cannock Chase. No experience is needed; the centre has extensive selection of horses and ponies for riders of all age ranges and abilities. Trek riders will need to be aged 7 or over, for 4 to 7 year olds a half hour Paddock ride is available with a cost of £15. For beginner riders it is popular for them to have a one hour introductory lesson of the tracks. The trek will be at a walk or walk and trot which will cost of £28, which includes a hat hire to. There is also a package which consists of two hour mixed ability trek where both novice and experienced rides can be together which will cost £43. All day horse riding will cost £70 plus hat hiring which will be £1.
Go Ape
Go Ape is UK’s number 1 forest adventure. Tourists are able to live life more adventurously in a forest and are able to share the experience with friends and family. Go ape will give you an experience to get in touch with your inner Tarzan. The classic and original Go Ape experience is 2-3 hours long. They will brief safety before you fly down the zip wires.
2014 prices; Gorillas (18years plus)- £30 and the Baboon experience (10 to 17years) costs- £24. http://goape.co.uk/days-out/cannock Go Ape Forest Segway
Tourists will be able to jump on board on an all-terrain; it is an electric Segway for guide you through the forest Safari. Uncover a Tree Top Adventure for Junior Tarzans, will enable them to release their inner monkeys on to a Go Ape course designed for them. Tree Top Junior is aimed at Tiny Tarzans aged between 6 and 12 years old. It is £35 per rider (over 10years/over 7 stones) and for Tiny Tarzans (over 1m tall) costs £17 per child. http://goape.co.uk/forest-segway Silver blades Ice Rink (Cannock)

There are many kinds of skating sessions at Cannock rink, including public Skating, Skool Skate, Disco Skate and Family Skate sessions. Each skate session includes a 30mins lesson as well as practice time. Prices start from £5.20, which consists of an hour and a half session and 30mins group lesson and Skate hire. www.silver-blades.co.uk/cannock Cycling in Cannock Chase

Cannock Chase is the premier location for mountain biking in the Midlands with routes to suit all ages and abilities. For serious mountain bikers two red graded trails ‘Follow the Dog’ and the ‘Monkey Trail’ have been built in partnership with local volunteer group ‘Chase Trails’ to offer riders an exciting challenging ride while minimising conflict with other users and the impact of the landscape. Mountain bikers are asked to be considerate to other forest used whilst on shared tracks to avoid the more sensitive areas of Cannock Chase such as the areas of open heathland.

Hawkins Falconry

With trained birds of prey over a range of beautiful countryside and landscapes. Tourists are able to have a two hour hawk walk, where they will learn about the history of falconry e.g.; the habits and habitats if trained and wild raptors. Clients will be able to experience flying and handling birds. Tourists will be able to get a chance to fly the elusive Goshawk as well as the Harris’ haw in spectacular countryside’s. www.hawkinsfalconry.co.uk

Reasons for Growth
Environmental;

Weather Statistics for Cannock Chase;

Cannock has a moderate, temperate climate. The warmest temperature in Cannock is during July when the average temperature is 20.6(°C). The coldest temperature in Cannock is during January where the weather goes down to 3.1(°C).Weather conditions experienced by tourists is very important for many reasons. Weather allows whether an activity should be undertaken, weather will also influence how enjoyable an experience is land therefore tourists satisfaction is likely to be least partly weather dependant. Cold climate with mountains for ski resorts for skiing, winter sports will attract a wide cross section of people and is very popular. Climate change has more positive than negative effects on summer activities. Although a threat exists that extreme weather events become more common, a warming climate and longer summer period improve the possibility to engage in many hobbies. Climate change is estimated to have the biggest effect on activities that require high temperatures and sunshine, such as swimming, cycling, and horse riding and Go ape.

Rock Types
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Potholing is simply exploring the underground, where a lot of rocks are found including limestone.

Lakes and Rivers
Physical resources are the natural features of an area which might attract tourists, such as: * the physical landscape - such as beaches, mountains, rivers, lakes and glaciers * ecosystems - such as rainforest or tropical grasslands * Weather and climate - most tourists seem to like it warm and dry.

Popular tourist activities
According to a recent survey of British people travelling within the UK, the activity that people like to do the most while on holiday is walking. Walking allows people to enjoy the physical resources of the countryside such as hills, rivers and lakes. Most Tourists enjoy land based activities such as; cycling, mountain biking and rock climbing. * The second most popular activity was visiting heritage sites. This includes historical buildings and sites of historic significance. These are human resources.
The third most popular activity was swimming. People like to swim at the beach or in lakes (physical resources) or swimming pools (human resources). Most tourists enjoy water based activities, which also includes surfing. Other popular activities were visiting art exhibitions, watching performing arts and visiting theme parks (all human resources).

Historical
Some places have a long history of expeditions and exploration e.g. the Victorians were fascinated with exploration e.g. David Livingston (Africa).Mass trespass on Kinder Pass in 1932 to highlight lack of access rights to the open countryside in Britain. This was the stimulus that saw National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act in 1949. Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 changed the opportunities for access to open countryside. The environmental Act 199 which revised the purposes of National Parks Official walk path openings.

Accessibility
Many UK’s destinations tourist numbers have increased due to the expansion of road and rail networks. Lake District and many ATAs started to receive large numbers of visitors when rail went to Windermere.

Road Networks in UK

Roads in the United Kingdom form a network of varied quality and capacity.

Add a short introduction paragraph explain that the different adventure tourism activities can only form and grow here if the right conditions are found.
-add subheadings to explain each of the conditions found in Cannock Chase. You must use facts, figures and example here; eg; temperatures. You should include relevant maps/graphs/ tables to highlight relevant points eg- motorway map for accessibility.

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...Ozone Layer Depletion: Introduction Are we damaging our protective blanket? Sunlight contains some ultraviolet light, and when we expose ourselves to too much of it, we get a sunburn. Over time, too much exposure to ultraviolet light can lead to cataracts and skin cancer. The earth has a layer in the upper atmosphere, consisting mostly of ozone gas, that filters out most of the ultraviolet in the sun's radiation. Recently there has been scientific evidence that we have been releasing gases that damage this layer. Our country and others have reacted by invoking legislation that should eliminate these contaminants from the atmosphere.   What does the Ozone Layer do? * Ozone absorbs 99% of the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Without the Ozone Layer * Most of the harmful UV radiation will penetrate the atmosphere. The Ozone Layer The ozone layer is a layer in Earth's atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone (O3). This layer absorbs 97-99% of the sun's high frequency ultraviolet light, which is potentially damaging to life on earth. Over 90% of ozone in earth's atmosphere is present here "Relatively high" means a few parts per million—much higher than the concentrations in the lower atmosphere but still small compared to the main components of the atmosphere. It is mainly located in the lower portion...

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...BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION FACULTY OF COMMERCE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS COURSE OUTLINE FOR ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES1 – EC101 Lecturers : A.Chingarande (0776326638), F. Tafirei (0772757491) & M. Mzumara (0712737723) Emails : achingarande@buse.ac.zw, ftafirei@buse.ac.zw & mmzumara@buse.ac.zw Consulting Times: Tuesdays and Thursdays 0900 Hrs – 1100Hrs or by appointment Venue : Office No H8 (Clinic Office) Main Campus Course Aims:   Provide a basis of factual knowledge of economics; Encourage the student to develop:  a facility for self-expression, not only in writing but also in using additional aids, such as statistics and diagrams, where appropriate;  the habit of using works of reference as sources of data specific to economics;  the habit of reading critically to gain information about the changing economy we live in; and  an appreciation of the methods of study used by the economist, and of the most effective ways economic data may be analysed, correlated, discussed and presented. Course Objectives:      Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the specified content; Interpret economic information presented in verbal, numerical or graphical form; Explain and analyse economic issues and arguments, using relevant economic concepts, theories and information; Evaluate economic information, arguments, proposals and policies, taking into consideration relevant information and theory, and distinguishing facts from hypothetical statements and value...

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