...DOROTHEA OREM - NURSING THEORIST IN SOME SITUATIONS, PATIENTS ARE ENCOURAGED TO BE MORE INDEPENDENT. THIS CAN BE ESPECIALLY TRUE IN REHABILITATION SETTINGS, IN WHICH PATIENTS ARE TRANSITIONING OUT OF BEING CARED FOR BY PHYSICIANS AND NURSES AND BACK HOME TO EXCLUSIVE SELF-CARE. IN THESE CASES, THE SELF-CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORY CAN BE APPLIED TO HELP PATIENTS BE MORE INDEPENDENT AND PREPARE TO BE RELEASED FROM THE HEALTHCARE FACILITY WHERE THEY ARE BEING CARED FOR. BIOGRAPHY OF DOROTHEA E. OREM DOROTHEA E. OREM WAS BORN IN 1914 IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. IN THE EARLY 1930S, SHE EARNED HER NURSING DIPLOMA FROM THE PROVIDENCE HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING IN WASHINGTON, D.C. SHE WENT ON TO COMPLETE HER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING IN 1939 AND HER MASTER'S OF SCIENCE IN NURSING IN 1945, BOTH FROM THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA IN WASHINGTON, D.C. DOROTHEA OREM DIED ON JUNE 22, 2007. CAREER OF DOROTHEA E. OREM DOROTHEA OREM HAD A DISTINGUISHED CAREER IN NURSING. SHE EARNED SEVERAL HONORARY DOCTORATE DEGREES. SHE WAS GIVEN HONORARY DOCTORATES OF SCIENCE FROM BOTH GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY IN 1976 AND INCARNATE WORD COLLEGE IN 1980. SHE WAS GIVEN AN HONORARY DOCTORATE OF HUMANE LETTERS FROM ILLINOIS WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY IN 1988, AND A DOCTORATE HONORIS CAUSAE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI IN COLUMBIA IN 1998. SHE WAS ALSO GIVEN MANY AWARDS DURING HER CAREER: THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA ALUMNI ACHIEVEMENT AWARD FOR NURSING THEORY IN 1980, THE LINDA RICHARDS AWARD...
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...Answers to the questions #10-12. #10. Do you believe your theory systems when followed enables health care providers to better meet the needs of the patient, or do you believe the strict protocol hinders and prevents care therapies that might otherwise be more effective for the patient, and why? My theory is very simple; a person must have the ability to take care of himself. I believe it enables health care providers to better meet the needs of the patient. Nurses use my theory on a daily basis for taking care of the patients such as making the patient’s transition from the hospital to their own home much smoother. An example of using my Self Care Theory is educating a patient on their diabetes so they can be independent about taking care of their diabetes and outcomes. Education to the patient is very critical. Eventually the nurse set s goals set by the patient and evaluates the results of the plan. #11. Your “Self Care Theory” is considered a grand nursing theory, which is reflective of personal insights, useful practices designed by empirical testing, therefore one may considered this biased, would you agree why and why not? What do you consider to be the differentiation of your theory over some others classified under the same “Grand Theory” Category? No I don’t feel my Self Care Theory is biased because it’s a requirement of every person, not just a certain age group. Every person can benefit from my theory. My Self Care Deficit theory is said to be one of...
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...Dorothea Orem’s Theory: Self Care Deficit Critic Kouadio K. Koko BSN, RN University of Virginia School of Nursing Dorothea Orem’s Theory: Self Care Deficit Critic Abstract Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory of nursing is one of the major nursing theories. It pays particular attention to the role of the patient in their own rehabilitation, as it expounds the benefits of self-care. Orem’s theory is well documented and has been used by several researchers as a basis for their research. This particular theory of nursing is broad and can be applied to the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention. Many nursing schools have used this theory as a benchmark or guide in their curriculum development. Introduction The following is a critical review of Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory of nursing; in which she advocates for a patient centered approach to nursing where the patient takes an active role in their own rehabilitation. This critical review takes a look at the purpose of the self-care theory, major concepts and definitions, its assumptions, its strengths and its weaknesses. The information provided in this report could be of benefit to a recently enrolled nursing student or any individual who wants to have a broader concept of one of the major nursing theories. Brief Summary of Theory Orem’s self-care theory of nursing basically surmises that the main purpose of the nurse is to facilitate the patient’s recovery; by helping the patients get to a point where they can...
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...are more active than others. One of those people happens to have been Dorothea Dix. I am writing you to see if there is any way we could acknowledge what Dix did for the people of our country. Dorothea Dix was born in Hampden Maine in 1802. Her journey began when she witnessed the horrible conditions of a women’s prison in Massachusetts. She saw how the prisoners, especially the mentally ill, were being treated, and knew she had to make a change. She spent the next 40 years of her life trying to improve conditions. Dix began traveling throughout the state to research the conditions of other prisons. She gathered information that she then presented to the Massachusetts legislature. By doing this, she managed to get more money for the expansion of the State Mental Hospital. Although this itself was a major accomplishment, she wasn’t satisfied. She then traveled all over the country doing more research such as the conditions of the prisons, and the treatment of the patients. She started campaigning to create humane asylums and succeeded in quite a few states. Next, Dix decided to go to congress. She wanted them to grant her more than 12 million acres of land to use for the benefit of the mentally ill. Both houses of congress approved the bill, but it was vetoes by President Franklin Pierce in 1854. Dix was less than encouraged by her setback, so she set off to Europe to continue her work. Dorothea Dix led a substantial life, and had many achievements. She held a major...
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...words are the cause of imaginations and perceptions and because the iconic images of Australia are the landscapes we tend to include them in our portrayals. Written languages have been around for centuries, it is a way of communication and as informed so are images. The comparison for the development of Australia flows easily with words and is therefore usually portrayed in texts, other forms of literature and in songs. It goes into more depth. It is a detailed way to represent the character of Australia. There are many text examples, of which use the Australian landscape to portray the development of Australia such as poems like “My Country” and “The Fierce Country” and lyrics in the Advance Australian Fair. The poem “My Country” by Dorothea Mackellar is a famous Australian poem, well-known for the descriptions based upon...
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...happening all over the American country side. They had to present it in such a way that it did not come across as propaganda. At the time Americans were fed up with the government’s propaganda following the war. The photographs took during this time were able to put a human face and emotion to the barren fields and deserted farms. Photos were used as a tool to communicate the truth and stories of millions of victims of the Great Depression. These iconic photos spoke more than a thousand words, they evoked emotions and understanding throughout the United States. These photos had the power to unite an entire nation. During this course, I examined many photos from the great depression. The one that hold the most powerful is the photo from Dorothea Lange called Migrant Mother. I truly feel like this photo sums up the real struggles of American families during the great depression. This photo shows the firsthand account of the devastating impact on the people. The photo makes you connect and sympathize with the mother and it...
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...Springboard Activity One Quote from book and Warm-Up Students will read this quote on the smart board and answer the following questions: How do you feel about the nurse being a wolf? What do you think about people being wolfs in everyday life? "This world ... belongs to the strong, my friend! The ritual of our existence is based on the strong getting stronger by devouring the weak. We must face up to this. No more than right that it should be this way. We must learn to accept it as a law of the natural world. The rabbits accept their role in the ritual and recognize the wolf as the strong. In defense, the rabbit becomes sly and frightened and elusive and he digs holes and hides when the wolf is about. And he endures, he goes on. He knows his place. He most certainly doesn't challenge the wolf to combat. Now, would that be wise? Would it?" He [Harding] lets go McMurphy's hand and leans back and crosses his legs, takes another long pull off the cigarette. He pulls the cigarette from his thin crack of a smile, and the laugh starts up again-eee-eee-eee, like a nail coming out of a plank. "Mr. McMurphy ... my friend ... I'm not a chicken, I'm a rabbit. The doctor is a rabbit. Cheswick there is a rabbit. Billy Bibbit is a rabbit. All of us in here are rabbits of varying ages and degrees, hippity-hopping through our Walt Disney world. Oh, don't misunderstand me, we're not in here because we are rabbits-we'd be rabbits wherever we were-we're all in here because we can't adjust...
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...Caged prisoners, mentally ill people locked up--Dorothea Dix was horrified by what she saw when she visited a Massachusetts jail in 1841. This is when she started investigating prisons and asylums all over Massachusetts, to find out what really occurs on the other sides of the stone walls. Dix was born in Hampden, Maine and grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts. She was first of three children to Joseph Dix and Mary Bigelow, and ran away from her alcoholic parents and abusive father to live with her prosperous grandmother at 12 years old. At age 14, she began teaching school and founded the Dix Mansion, a school for poor girls who couldn’t afford education. Dix didn’t know it yet, but her life was about to change and her whole future would be determined after that first visit. Dorothea Dix’s life completely changed when she visited East Cambridge Jail, a women's prison to teach Sunday school. Naked and chained...
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...Dorothea Dix, an advocator for the mentally ill, changed the lives of such people directly. She spent countless years working towards her cause, and regardless of the multitude of setbacks she encountered, was able to thrive and reign with her visions. Dorothea Dix advocated for the humane treatment of the mentally insane to be changed, however, in order to achieve her vision of benevolent management of the mentally ill, she overcame many setbacks, including personal struggles, gender inequality, and difficulty with legislation. Before laws were created to mandate civil treatment of the mentally ill within prisons, hospitals, or other institutions, those people were treated very poorly. The mentally ill were confined to cages and other small areas, in a way not suitable for a human being to live. The states did not provide heating for the patients. The way that the people were maintained led Dorothea Dix to begin a career centered on advocating their rights. “The popular belief was that the insane would never be cured and living within their dreadful conditions was enough for them” (Bumb). The social...
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..."Dorothea Dix was an indefatigable New England reformer who brought the plight of the mentally ill to the people and governing bodies of several states and foreign countries” (Norbury,1999 p.14). During the seventeenth century most Americans viewed people who were mentally ill differently than other. They were called the lost souls and viewed as incurable and helpless. They were thrown into prison, mistreated, beaten, and taken advantage. It couldn’t be perceived or cured and was simple to be endured. Dorothea Dix wanted to change how these people were treated. She took her time to advocate for the mentally ill. She played an instrumental role, and developed 30 hospitals for the treatment of mental ill. Dorothea Lynde Dix was born on 4 April...
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...Dorothea Lynde Dix, a social reformer, was born in Hampden, Maine on April 4, 1802 and grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts. At age 14, Dorothea Dix began teaching. Later in 1819 she established an all girls’ school called Dix Mansion as well as a charity school for unfortunate girls. In the year 1841, Dorothea Dix started teaching at East Cambridge Jail, a prison only for women. Teaching Sunday school at East Cambridge Jail took a turn for Dorothea’s life. During her time teaching there, she realized that the handling of prisoners were horrifying, especially the handling of prisoners who were mentally ill. In result Dorothea Dix spent most of her life devoting to the welfare of the mentally ill. She began traveling around the country to investigate the environment and conditions of prisons and documented all the conditions. One case that was documented was about an old man she had visited. The old man became mentally ill after the death of his only son. Jail was the only place this man could go to be cared for. The old man was found lying on a small bed in a dark basement room deprived of necessary comfort. All documentation of the prison’s environment, such as the case of the old man was presented to the Massachusetts legislature. Not only did Dorothea investigate and document the conditions of prisons around the...
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...Dorothea Lange was a photographer during The Great Depression. She was born May 26th, 1895 in Hoboken, New Jersey. She died October 11th, 1965 at the age of 70 in San Francisco, California. Dorothea’s real name was Dorothea Magaretta Nutzhorn. She dropped her middle name and took her mother’s maiden name because her dad left her and her family when she was only 12. That was one of her two traumatic events that occurred in her life. The other one was a contraction of polio when she was only 7 years old. It left her weakened at her right leg with a permanent limp. Dorothea was a pretty important person who took good pictures during the Great Depression. Lange was very educated in photography when she grew up. In 1918, she left New York with...
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...Eyes of Pain I chose to analyze a photo taken in 1936, by photographer Dorothea Lange (Barnet and Bedau 165). The original title was “Destitute pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children. Age thirty-two. Nipomo, California.” The photo is also well known as “Migrant Mother” (PPOC). The photo captured me emotionally and this is why I chose it for my analysis. The photo is a portrait of a mother and three of her young children clinging to her as she stares pondering into the distance. Her mouth is slightly turned down in a frown, her children's faces are buried in her shoulders, and a baby laying in her lap. The look in her eyes is as if she does not even recognize her children are with her as she considers what will come of them. Her brow is heavily wrinkled with concern. Their clothes are torn, dirty, and tattered. The baby's face is covered in dirt as its eyes are closed. When looking closer at the baby one may ask, “Is it sleeping?” or “Has it passed away?” With the children's faces hidden one is only left to imagine if they are crying. Are they mourning the baby? Perhaps they are scared, like their mother, of what their fates will be. The photo was taken during the Great Depression. This was a time when many people in our country were homeless, hungry, and looking for work. I believe Lange was trying to capture the urgency of the situation. We see in her photo these tired, poor, and hungry people starving as they sit waiting for opportunity...
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...approached the hungry and desperate mother, as if drawn by a magnet,” Dorothea Lange announced. “She told me her name, age and place of reason nothing else was spoken” Florence Owens Thompson was following in the horrible Great Depression, stuck at trying to raise seven children on nothing except frozen vegetables. Dorothea Lange’s iconic photograph “Migrant Mother in Nipomo, California, 1936” shows the terrible life of the unwealthy, and the troubles of a single mother stuck in the Pea Pickers camp. Dorothea Lange was driving home from a month-long photograph assignment when she passed Pea Pickers camp. Known as a terrible place, filled with dusty torn down buildings, dirty brown water; nothing to keep hopes up for. A camera by her side as she approaches Florence, silent blank minded, as she wonder’s up to the old blanked made shelter. The black and white photograph shows the older women in sharp contrast holding her newborn child with her two older children covered by her side. Florence Thompson was just trying to work to make enough money for her family before their vehicle had enough. James Curtis, editor of Eyewitness to History writes that the photo seems to be a “Image of a worn, weather-beaten woman, with a look of desperation on her face.” Upon closer inspection, the face of the 32 year-old woman seems to be old and tethered with a look of despair to find her way out (“Curtis”). Fig. I Dorothea Lange, Migrant Mother in Nipomo,California, 1936 Eyewitnesstohistory...
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...The life of Dorothea D Wichita Area Technical College Foundations of Nursing Mrs. Plank September 18, 2012 The life of Dorothea Dix Dorothea Lynde Dix was born on April 4, 1802 in Hampden, Maine. She was the oldest of three; her parents were Joseph Dix and Mary Bigelow Dix. Her father was an itinerant Methodist preacher. Her family life can be described as abusive and nonexistent. Her mother was not in good mental health and her father was an abusive alcoholic. Once the family was in Worcester they had two more children, Joseph and Charles. Almost immediately Dorothea began to care for her smaller brothers. Even though her household wasn't the best she learned many things from her father that would influence many of her choices in life. When she was young he taught her how to read and write. This developed a passion for reading and teaching. Soon after their move to Vermont her parents moved to Worcester, Massachusetts. At this time her mother was suffering from acute, incurable headaches and her father was drinking heavily. It was decided at this time that her parents were no longer capable of caring for their three children. Her grandmother decided to take her and her brothers to live at the Dix Mansion in Boston. At this time Dorothea was twelve and had already been accustomed to caring for her brothers, which is something that continued as she lived with her seventy-year old grandmother. Life at her grandmother’s wasn’t what she was used to so she soon moved...
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