...accepting or not a gift from a client from a non-Western culture. The essay describes the selected ethical dilemma, the cultural factors involved, and the first 14 steps that therapist takes to resolve this dilemma, and to arrive to an ethical decision. The 14 steps taken to obtain the ethical decision identify key aspects of this situation, analyzes the benefits and weaknesses of the options that therapist has. These ethical steps are helping the psychologist to identify the best approach for the ethical dilemma. The decision making process described in this paper applies to the patient’s best interest, influencing the client and therapist. Also the paper explains the importance of the ethical decision in professional psychology. Ethical Decision Making Ethical decision making process refers to the ability to take a decision after an evaluation of a complex and ambiguous ethical situation, and to the capacity to implement that ethical decision effectively. The ethical decision in this paper refers to the ethical dilemma of accepting of not the gift from the patient. In this case the client comes from a non-Western culture, so the ethical dilemma involves cultural considerations. The gift giving aspect must take into account the cultural context. The patient is a Navajo Native American male, and he has offered a dream catcher as a gift to his therapist, after ending the psychological treatment. In many non-Western cultures this type of gift represents an expression of gratitude...
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...Cherokee Indians originally called themselves Aniyunwiya "the principal people," but today they accept the name Cherokee,which is spelled and pronounced Tsalagi in their own language. The Cherokees are original residents of the American Southeast region, particularly Georgia, North and South Carolinia, Virginia, Kentucky and Tennessee. Most Cherokees were forced to move to Oklahoma in the 1800's along the Trail of Tears. Descendants of the Cherokee Indians who survived this death march still live in Oklahoma today. Some Cherokees escaped the Trail of Tears by hiding in the Appalachin hills or taking shelter with sympathetic white neighbors. The descendants of these people live scattered throughout the original Cherokee Indian homelands. Trail of Tears was the Cherokee name for what the Americans called Indian Removal. During the 1800's, the US government created an "Indian Territory" in Oklahoma and sent all the Eastern Native American tribes to live there. Some tribes willingly agreed to this plan. Other tribes didn't want to go, and the American army forced them. The Cherokee tribe was one of the largest tribes, and they didn't want to leave their homeland. Thousands of Cherokee Indians died on the Trail of Tears. Many Native Americans from other tribes died too. Cherokee hunters used bows and arrows or blowguns too shoot game. Fishermen generally used spears and fishing poles. Warriors fired arrows or fought with a melee weapon like a tomahawk or spear. Other...
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...Abstract Native American Tribes are a huge part of our nation’s history; at the beginning they were a free group of people who had their own set of beliefs and religion. But over time wars and government agencies made it extremely hard on these tribes to just live their lives. Crazy Horse, Lt. Custer, and General Crook were very important in the history of the Sioux tribe. The Sioux Native American Tribe is one of the many tribes residing within the United States, who in 1868 signed a treaty at a conference in Wyoming, promising peace between their tribe and the whites. In this treaty the Sioux agreed to settle in the Dakota Territory at the Black Hills reservation (Sioux Nation>Life and Culture-Reservations and Treaties, 2009). There are three major dialects that are spoken in the Sioux and these are Lakota, Western Dakota, and Eastern Dakota. Mythology and beliefs are very important to the Sioux, and some are still practiced today. Within the Sioux tribe are separate tribes and one of those tribes are the Lakota, they also speak the dialect Lakota. One of the things I found interesting is that the dream catcher started with the Lakota tribe, which started from a dream that one of their spiritual leaders had. In the dream he spoke with Ikotomi about the cycle of life and choosing you right path (Crystal, 1995). It is said to remove all the bad visions and dreams so an individual is able to focus on the right path for their life journey. They believe that the dream catcher...
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...Josphat Minja 29 September 2014 INTRODUCTION Culture is that aspect or part of our existence or life that makes us different to the majority of the world but similar to certain people. It is a way of life common to a particular group of people who share a collection of attitudes, beliefs and patterns of behavior that enable them to live together in harmony but at the same time setting them apart from other people. One such culture is that of the Native Americans. Native Americans have diverse and rich cultures that are based on a deep spiritual relationship with the land they live in and the natural resources. They have a history that is rich in strife, struggle and triumph. In fact, most of America’s modern life is considered to be adapted from native Indian cultures practiced many centuries ago. This then shows that there is a lot to be learned from the Native America cultures as well as their beliefs about their relationship to the natural world. This paper is aimed at analyzing the Native American culture and the European culture with an emphasis on their beliefs about the natural world as well as their agricultural techniques and how they relate to the modern world. Many of the familiar features in modern day America that may be taken for granted originated from the Native Americans. The peace pipe, moccasins, totem pole and the teepee are an example of integral pieces that wove together a large picture of the Native American culture. Everything from animals to plants to the...
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...heart raced as the song reached its peak, his hands wet with nervous sweat. He timed his steps, concentrated on the beat, and took a deep breath, preparing for the move that would bring him victory: a complete and perfect handspring. As his feet came down over his body, thousands of Indians around the arena caught their breath. He pretended not to notice, continuing to pound his moccasins into the ground in rhythm with the drum. As the last beat rang, he froze his body in the stance of a warrior, posing as still as he had before the song began. His chest heaved and sweat poured down his broad, smiling face. I joined my family and the crowd in cheering for him, proud to be his niece. Dancers like him and moments like these are what keep our culture alive. This is why I love the Fourth of July. This is why I love Pow Wow. Oneida, Wisconsin has long been the grounds for the Fourth of July Pow Wow. The annual celebration draws scores of people from all over Indian Country to the Oneida Reservation, or as we call it, the Rez. Like a great migration, thousands of beaten cars, vans, and trucks roll onto the lawn in front of the Oneida High School. Tires resting on...
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...at war (Alvaranga 1). The high waist was designed to cover a woman’s midriff while still providing the comfort of wearing shorts in the heat. This functional garment carried into the 1950s as a fashion trend. Now, over 70 years after their inception, high-waisted shorts are designed in a variety of fabrics and styles for all occasions. A more controversial example of re-appropriation in today’s fashion is the use of “tribal” designs. Native Americans are known for their use of feathers, beading, and geometric patterns in their attire. This was first re-appropriated during the hippie movement of the 1960s. Hippies wore clothing from Native traditions as an expression of a generation free from societal restriction (Maggie 1). Also including East Asian traditions as a form of counter culture. In recent years, Native American culture has been commoditized in the form of accessories and clothing with traditional Native American symbols as well as the mass production of moccasins. This type of appropriation can be very offensive to Native Americans, especially considering...
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...Minnesota State University- Mankato Traditional Grass Dance Ashley Silva Humanities 281W: Human Diversity and Humanities Traditions Jeris Swanhorst July 6, 2014 As history will prove, many cultures have been immortalized through various artistic means. Many include the written word or preserved artwork. The many tribes of Native Americans choose to commemorate their history and honor their ancestors through the art of dance. One of the most popular dance styles for Native Americans known today is the ‘Grass Dance’. While its exact origins are not known, there are still several pieces of information that can be used to piece together the history. Several sources believe the dance began in the Northern region; ‘the dance was given to the Dakota by the Ponca about three hundred years ago at a place just east of the Black hills of South Dakota’ (Howard, 82). An approximation places this time frame around the year of 1860. As more participants began to experience and learn the dance style, the influence and knowledge of the dance began to spread. The dance reached the Blackfeet tribe in the 1870s, and eventually the Gros Ventre tribe around 1875-1880. From the 1920s to after World War II, an economic change in the United States had a greater impact on the nature of the grass dance. Many of the ceremonial traditions of the dance were lost during this time period and transformed into more of an entertainment form of dance. Along with these changes also came the involvement...
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...the human body for non-medical reasons. The most popular forms of body modification are tattoos and body piercings (Gay & Whittington, 2002. p. 8). There are many reasons behind why someone would decide to tattoo or pierce their body, along with those reasons there are some regrets, and due to those regrets, there are a few different removal techniques. One of the most common reasons for getting a tattoo is for group identity (Horne, Knox, Zusman, Zusman, 2007 p. 3). There are men and women who have served or are currently serving in our nation’s military that have tattoos that stand for courage, patriotism, defiance of death, and longing for family and loved ones left behind (“Tattoos in the USA,” 2011). It is stated that our current culture can credit the Navy sailors for introducing the art of tattooing to the military due to their coming home from faraway lands with permanent reminders of the places they had been (Van Geete, 2009, para. 1). According to Staff Sgt. Stephanie van Geete, “You could not throw a rock into a military formation without hitting a soldier with at least one tattoo.” Many sailors in the past would get a picture of a submarine ship (“Military tattoos,” 2012). There are sailors past and present that have hula girls wearing grass skirts or pin up style girls wearing a Navy uniform. Some sailors may even have a mermaid, or an anchor due to their nautical symbolism (“Military tattoos,” 2012). Those in the Marines may receive a tattoo of a bulldog, the...
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...their contribution in turn, impact the lives of people ; individual lives and also certain section or class of society. This becomes more evident in times of political or socio-economic crises in the lives of nations when they are fighting for freedom, civil rights or some major changes are taking place in the social or political structure of society. Writers as social-realists reflect and thus cause changes in the society at a given point in time. This makes their writings more relevant and valuable for the future generations. 19thcentury and early 20thcentury witnessed this paradigm shift across cultures and literature written there around saw it projected with sincerity and firmness of purpose. In this article I take to find the changes that were taking place and how these were faithfully reflected in the short narrative writings of two master narrators, about their respective cultures and socio-political inheritance-O. Henry and Prem Chand. The short stories selected here are chosen to highlight the social realism in their writings. Expansionism and political crisis alongside the social transformation, was an important historical fact of United States in the 19th century. This was a consequential result of industrial revolution.America in the early century was a loosely structured society and every section, every...
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...empowerment of Native Youth Education. This curriculum was developed specifically for educators in the state of Maine’s public high schools who wish to use this guide as a tool to improve Native Youth Education. NEG (Native Education Guide) provides lesson ideas and examples that support current lesson structures as well as implementing a culturally appropriate material for the Native Student. While many Native Education curriculums exist, NEG is designed to adapt to the block scheduling of the Public High School in Maine. This curriculum recognizes the appropriate education material needed for its intended audience, which focuses on the tribes of Maine whose youth attend Public High School. NEG aims to provide its learners with a set of educational experiences that encourages empowerment and positive Native identity through community education. Native Education is the study of the human, tribal, environmental, historical and social experience of the Natives of Maine. Native Education is very complex with a lot of variables such as time, space, place and the students; NEG therefore focuses on a number of messages: - Community Building - Seventh Generation Sustainability, Economics and Ecology - School Education Policies and Institutions (Boarding Schools to Current Education Models) - Colonization and the “White Expansion” - Cultural Appropriation - Native Ritual, Ceremonies, Practices, Healing Circle - Dominant Religions and their Influence on Culture - Oppression...
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...Community Calendar Noel Ramos Theatre and Dance Presentaions| Golden Dragon Acrobats - MidlandDate(s): 06/16/15From: Midland Center for the ArtsAddress:1801 W. St. AndrewsMidland, MI 48640Phone: (989) 631-5930|This fast-paced, technically-innovative performance showcases traditional Chinese acrobats, dance and costumes, ancient and contemporary music and modern theatrical techniques. The renowned acrobats dazzle with amazing feats of athleticism, daring heart-stopping stunts and the grace of their centuries old art form. The large cast and dazzling production designs illustrate just how breathtaking Chinese acrobatics can be. This show is sure to entertain, delight and keep audiences of all ages in suspense. Admission fee.| A Feast of Dances | Performance - Ann ArborDate(s): 06/18/15From: University of Michigan - Museum of ArtPhone: (734) 763-8587|Thursday, June 18, 7:30pm. Celebrating its 30th anniversary, Ann Arbor Dance Works, proudly presents "A Feast of Dances" featuring works by Melissa Beck, Amy Chavasse, Bill DeYoung, Jessica Fogel, Peter Sparling, Sandra Torijano, and Robin Wilson. Audiences are invited to travel through the Museum spaces for a tasting of a rich array of dance delicacies. The evening will conclude with a desert reception—with real cake—to enjoy and celebrate this festive occasion. This program is free and open to the public; however, tickets are required for entry. Tickets are available through the Michigan Union Ticket Office at 734-763-TKTS or http://muto...
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...http://www.historytoday.com/jerome-de-groot/signposts-historical-fiction These were some of the questions raised at a recent conference at the Institute of Historical Research at which History Today Editor, Paul Lay, hosted a discussion between Hilary Mantel, author of Wolf Hall, and the Tudor historian David Loades. Historians often describe themselves as detectives, seeking out a kind of truth among the conflicting evidence of the past. There is, furthermore, a large and growing subgenre of historical crime fiction. From C.J. Sansom to Philip Pullman, from Orhan Pamuk to Walter Mosley, from Ellis Peters to Boris Akunin, novelists have been keen to use the past as a backdrop for their stories of detection and mystery. The most famous historical detective might be Brother William of Baskerville in Umberto Eco’s peerless The Name of the Rose (Il nome della rosa, 1980). Recently we have seen a flowering of historical crime fiction as the subgenre attains maturity and becomes increasingly popular and innovative. Jason Goodwin, Philip Kerr and Susan Hill were all shortlisted for the prestigious Crime Writers Association Dagger this year (recent historical winners include Arianna Franklin, Jake Arnott and Craig Russell). Clearly the combination of thriller, crime and historical detail is compelling. Anne Perry’s new Inspector Pitt novel, Betrayal at Lisson Grove (out in paperback from Headline this year) is a pacy, twisting thriller. It is 1895 and Pitt is up against a conspiracy...
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...Дневник читателя READER’S JOURNAL Ernest Hemingway. The Old Man and the Sea (1952). Joseph Heller. Catch-22 (1961). Tennessee Williams. A Streetcar Named Desire (1959). Iris Murdoch. The Black Prince (1973). Jerome David Salinger. The Catcher in the Rye (1951). Michael Ondaatje. The English Patient (1992). Ray Bradbury. Fahrenheit 451 (1953). Ken Kesey. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1962). Edward Albee. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962). Arthur Miller. Death of a Salesman (1949). ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Ernest Hemingway. The Old Man and the Sea (1952). ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- FULL TITLE · The Old Man and the Sea ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- AUTHOR · Ernest Hemingway ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- TYPE OF WORK · Novella ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- GENRE · Parable; tragedy ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- LANGUAGE · English ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- TIME AND PLACE WRITTEN · 1951, Cuba ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...Complex Systems in Education CSE ESSAYS COURSE Complex Course on Writing English and American Essays for Advanced Students English Language Programs Division Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Writing 2 United States Information Agency, Washington, D. C. 1999 2 3 How to Use this Complex Course Частные уроки Английского Языка 387-1231 MIND Speaks to MIND – Selected American Essays 4 Preface Some years ago, a visitor to our office, a professor of English at a large foreign university, asked if the English Language Programs Division had published a book of American essays for foreign students – especially students at the advanced level. Having to respond in the negative, I was, nonetheless, “intrigued” by the idea of a collection of essays that would form a source of stimulating ideas or thoughts that could be thoroughly examined in the EFL classroom, discussed and debated in free conversation, and perhaps, ultimately, lead to a significant growth in the exchange of information between cultures – via the printed page. From this rationale, then, there issues an explanation for the title, Mind Speaks to Mind, which itself is an “exchange of information” between the editor and Edward Hoagland in his essay, “On Essays”! And, readers are encouraged to study this essay first as a type of guideline concerning the nature/purpose of the essay. It is found on page 26. For ease of reference, the essays are presented in alphabetical order according...
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...Blues vs Country music According to Etta James in an interview with American Chronicle: "The Blues and country are first cousins ... What I look for in a song is for the story to be for real. I like a blood and guts kind of thing. That's what you find in the lyrics of country music." Blues and country music both developed in the 19th century in the Southern United States. They share a similar history. For this reason, they share many of the same musical and lyrical characteristics. Read more: How to Compare Blues & Country Music | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_5888119_compare-blues-country-music.htInstructions 1. * 1 Learn the history behind blues and country music. They are both forms of American folk music influenced by earlier styles brought overseas. Blues music grew out of field hollers and chants sung by African slaves. Irish and Scottish balladeers borrowed the guitar and banjo of blues and thus created "country". According to Reebee Garofalo in "Rockin' Out: Popular Music in the USA", "Terms like country and blues are only used to separate the same kind of music made by blacks and whites ... designations like race and hillbilly intentionally separated artists along racial lines and conveyed the impression that their music came from mutually exclusive sources." Country is an offshoot of blues. They are essentially the same thing. In the PBS special, "Rhythm, Country and Blues," country is referred to as "white man's blues." * 2 Listen to...
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