Free Essay

Dual Relationship

In: Philosophy and Psychology

Submitted By mieishap1
Words 1525
Pages 7
Dual Relationship
Mieisha Marshall, Alicia, Sara Cofield, and Candy Ladd
Psych/545
November 17, 2014
Sharlie Hazen

Introduction Making ethical decisions in the field of psychology can be very difficult especially when you are in the business of counseling. You have to worry about your client’s crossing that boundary while trying to escape a dual relationship. For instance, the scenario that was chosen by our group consist of a close friend of yours is having difficulty with her teenage daughter. She knows you are a psychologist who specialize in adolescents. She ask if you would be willing to help her daughter for a few sessions to straighten her out. You ask yourself, what should be done during this current situation. For one, the therapist and the client’s mother are friends. The client’s mother may be become too dependable on the therapist to fix the problem. In this paper, we will find the best approach for a dual relationship. Ethical issues involving dual relationships will be examined to clarify and analyze the relationship that the therapist and the client’s mom have. Therapist face many challenges in everyday life and in this paper, we will discuss challenges one may face in professional psychology.
Concept of Dual Relationship When a therapist engages in more than one relationship with a client it is then classified as a dual or multiple relationship. If a therapist assumes a secondary role with a client like that of an employer, teacher, family member, family friend, sex partner, or business associate to name a few it is also considered to be a dual relationship. Dual relationships in a therapeutic setting can possibly lead to potentially explosive situations; as well as, run a risk of crossing boundaries that are unethical in practice. Such relationships can also impair therapeutic judgment. The code of ethics discourages dual or multiple relationships if there is a potential to harm a client.

Analyze Dual Relationship Scenario The dual relationship described in this scenario is depicted by the social friendship between the therapist and the family. While it is common for friends to seek advice and consultation from each other, the situation becomes a dual relationship when one party is a practicing professional in the field. Providing sessions for the daughter in a sense interferes with the relationship of the parent and child, as well as with the therapist and peer. While there is a sense of pride in the idea that a peer would have enough trust in asking for treatment for a close family member, there is much more to consider. The child must be willing to receive treatment, and the fact that the therapist knows the family quite well may deter her from opening up. There is a high level of difficulty in accepting or declining the offer. A peer would gladly offer to help and provide suggestions, but a therapist designs and implements a treatment plan of some sort to achieve results. Peers often ask for advice as a way to justify their own choices, or to reinforce decisions they have already made. Those seeking advice from professionals are seeking direction, rather than justification. Should the therapist choose to engage in treating the daughter of a peer, then there must be a way to determine when therapy starts and stops and how long does it last. Is this person always the therapist? What if the treatment does not work? Where does the therapist draw the line between peer and professional? The situation is complicated, and places a distinct strain on all involved.
Ethical Issues of Dual Relationships It is ethically unacceptable to knowingly venture into a dual relationship with a client. This includes, but is not limited to, family, close friends, and those with whom the therapist shares social obligations. Therapists are warned against treating persons with whom they have a history. In this scenario, the therapist is a friend of the parent. This suggests that the therapist has at some point been exposed to opinions from the parent regarding the child, close personal and social interactions with the child, and (or) close social interactions with others involved in the child’s life. This scenario creates the potential for bias and pre-contemplated opinion about the child and the child’s success with (or without) treatment. Another ethical issue arises with the parent. Friends ask for advice and assistance from each other but do not always agree. Therapists possess an authority that provides power to provide life altering treatment. Should the peer disagree with the proposed treatment plan for the child there is a greater risk of failure, for both the treatment and the friendship. In addition, therapists of minors often consult with the parents regarding the child’s behavior, progress, and treatment options. The line between consulting as a professional and consulting as a peer becomes blurred, and can affect the way that treatment is delivered. In addition, providing treatment would require an assessment of the perspective of the child, not the parent. Therapists relay on information provided by the parents, but focus on the issues that the child is facing. A child is also less likely to share negative information about the family unit with friends of the family, especially those who have close contact with parents. This can present a problem in the therapist’s ability to build a solid level of trust with the child. The possibility of the therapist reporting back to the parents is likely to hinder the child’s willingness to open up. Should the child disclose negative information regarding the parents, the therapist faces an uncomfortable situation. Standard procedure in reporting can be jeopardized by the bias of friendship. People, therapists included, tend to believe that peers are good people. Should the child report abuse the therapist is likely to begin to evaluate the probability of truth based on personal interactions with the peer rather than the statement of the child. Peers often ask each other about accusations, giving the benefit of the doubt. In a professional setting the therapist does not ask the accused, but rather alerts the proper authorities should the statement warrant such action. Challenges Presented Psychologists are obligated to defend the interrogation of the case of a client crossing boundaries on a routine, day to day basis. In the scenario our team chose, as professions, we may be faced with challenges. Trying to show boundary issues, it may arouse discomposure and uncertainty. What if the therapist don’t fix the teenagers problem? There could be a possibility of loss friendship and the client’s mother may try to sue or file a complaint. The challenges the therapist face in this scenario is that she’s a close friend to the potential client’s mother. The therapist and the client’s mother already have a d dual relationship because they are already friends. It is very challenging because as therapist, we try to see things in our own way. Therapist may be faced with the abundance of the patient and how effective she would be to the client knowing that the client’s mother and therapist are friends. Another challenge a counselor may have to deal with is failure to comply too unbreakable exposedness. By the client’s mother being friends with the therapist, she may feel she can get service for free. As professions, we want our pay and the client’s mother may not think the same. She didn’t mention anything about paying the service cost, she just ask the therapist to help with her teenage daughter. Once the therapist help her friend for a while, the therapist may tell her to get another therapist, but the client’s mother refuses because she has become comfortable and trustworthy of the therapist.
Conclusion
In conclusion, boundaries are therapeutic sessions between the client and the therapist. There are some dual relationship when more than one person exist in the situation. The scenario that was chosen indicated that the client’s mother depended on the therapist to help her daughter because they were close friends. Dual relationships in a therapeutic setting can possibly lead to potentially explosive situations; as well as, run a risk of crossing boundaries that are unethical in practice. Therapists are warned against treating persons with whom they have a history. In this scenario, the therapist is a friend of the parent. This suggests that the therapist has at some point been exposed to opinions from the parent regarding the child, close personal and social interactions with the child, and (or) close social interactions with others involved in the child’s life. Therapist face a lot of challenges dealing with clients. If the therapist don’t fulfill the client’s needs, they may want to sue or file a complaint. For instance, if the therapist didn’t help the client’s daughter, it could cause them to lose their friendship. As professions, we have to choose or battles and hope for the best.

References
Kagle, J, and Giebelhausen, P. (1994). Dual relationships and professional boundaries. Social Work, 39(2), 213. Retrieved http://search.proquest.com/docview/215267359?accountid=458.
Pope, S. K. & Vasquez, T.J. M. (2011). Ethics in Psychotherapy and Counseling: A Practice Guide, 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Dual Relationships and Boundaries

...Dual Relationships and Boundaries Danyé Levi Psych 545 September 30, 2013 Kristi Collins Dual Relationships and Boundaries Scenario: A close friend of yours is having difficulty with her teenage daughter. She knows you are a psychologist who specializes in adolescents. She asks if you would be willing to see her daughter for a few sessions to straighten her out. Dual relationships are any situation that may contaminate a doctor-patient relationship from a second relationship whether it is related to business, financial, romantic or social (Segen's Medical Dictionary, 2012). Traditionally, this type of relationship has been deemed unethical in the field of psychology (Nickel, 2004). Many believe it is unrealistic to expect therapists and counselors to avoid all dual relationships (Pope & Vasquez, 2011). Others believe that multiple relationships are harmful and should be avoided at all time to avoid dilemmas down the road (Nickel, 2004). Patients may feel more comfortable with seeking treatment from a therapist they know already from a preexisting relationship and therefore see no ethical issue with consulting with them. Patients may believe that their other relationship with the therapist will not be compromised and that the therapist will be more nurturing and attentive because of their preexisting relationship. A therapist may believe that a client will be more receptive to their advice because of their preexisting relationship and heed their opinions and accept...

Words: 1478 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Managing Dual Relationships

...Dual Relationships and Social Work ABSTRACT When working a in professional setting and dealing with clients, there should be boundaries that every professional employee should abide by. Shared values are essential in the creating a successful relationship between the client and social worker. Social workers operate within society, not only to assist the individual but to create a more cohesive society. Values and ethics permeate the whole of social work practice and the society within which it practices (Shardlow 1989). Values are afforded a high position within social work, this is highlighted in: “Social work is a professional activity. Implicit in its practice are ethical principles which prescribe the professional responsibility of the social worker” (British Association of Social Workers (BASW) Code of Ethics). However, there is a danger in any created list of values, however well meaning becoming something quote as opposed to a useful tool for practice. Values can be helpful in contemporary practice as they enable the social worker to analyze their practice in relation to the expectations of the law and the needs of the people they work with. Nursing is one of the most trusted professions in the community. This means that nurses are trusted to enter into therapeutic relationships that adhere to the concept of patient care physically, mentally and ethically. The therapeutic relationship that is created is built on the professional knowledge and skills of...

Words: 310 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Homework

...Guffey-SEEFER, Business English, 11e – 70 points WORKSHEET, CH. 3, NOUN PLURALS FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT PLURAL FORMS FOR THE NOUNS SHOWN IN PARENTHESES. |1. |Every day we must send many (copy) of (fax) to our suppliers. | | |2. |A flood of computer (virus) is causing (worry) for businesspeople. | | |3. |The (Murphy) and the (Ross) plan to vacation on Maui. | | |4. |All (entry) must be submitted on official contest (form). | | |5. |Numerous social media (glitch) caused (user) to worry about their accounts. | | |6. |Mr. Mason’s business statistics class included two (Jeffrey) and two (Courtney). | | |7. |All (RN) and (LVN) were asked to work overtime. | | |8. |None of the (attorney) were granted (leave of absence) during the trial. | | |9. |(Customer) could not understand how identity (thief) could have gotten their personal data. | | |10. |Some e-mail (message) contain (smiley) and other emoticons...

Words: 639 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Nothing

...myphone T23 Duo free downloads and reviews myphone T23 Duo free downloads Click links below to get downloads free for your myphone T23 Duo phone myphone T23 Duo games:  Java 240x320 games touchscreen  Java 240x320 games   myphone T23 Duo apps:  Java J2ME apps   myphone T23 Duo themes:  myphone T23 Duo ringtones:  mid   mp3   wav   myphone T23 Duo wallpapers screensavers:  240 x 320 myphone T23 Duo ebooks:  jar   pdf   txt   myphone T23 Duo videos:  3gp   mp4   myphone T23 Duo web apps:  more myphone T23 Duo features: 3.5mm audio jack |If you like myphone T23 Duo, you should look at: | |[pic] | |myphone T23 Duo | | | | | | | |[pic] | |myphone A818 Duo | | | | | | | |[pic] | |myphone TW1 Duo | | ...

Words: 496 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Cases

...MATH 4450 - HOME WORK 6 (1) Let V be an n-dimensional vector space over the field K and B be a basis for V . Let Bil(V × V, K) be the set of all bilinear maps on V × V to K. (a) Prove that there is an isomorphism Bil(V × V, K) → Matn×n (K). We proved this in class when V = Rn and B is the standard basis. As I mentioned then, the same proof goes through (almost) verbatim. So this exercise is intended to make sure that you understand the various concepts involved. So first define the map and then show it is injective and surjective. (b) Let V ∗ be the dual vector space and B be the dual basis with respect to B. Show that with respect to the bases B and B , there is an isomorphism Lin(V, V∗ ) → Matm×n (K). (c) Conclude now that there is an isomorphism Bil(V × V, K) → Lin(V, V∗ ). (2) Let f : R2 × R2 → R defined by f (x, y) = x1 y1 + x1 y2 + x2 y1 + x2 y2 where x = (x1 , x2 ) and y = (y1 , y2 ). Find the matrix A such that f (x, y) = xt Ay. Finally check that the matrix that you have obtained is indeed the correct one. (3) Let V be a vector space of dimension n with basis B and < , > be a scalar product on V . Recall that any such scalar product is a bilinear form. Show that the matrix associated to this scalar product is a symmetric matrix. (4) Let V be an n-dimensional vector space. Prove that there to every non-zero linear functional φ : V → K, we there is an (n − 1)-dimensional subspace Wφ ⊂ V such that ker φ = Wφ . Show that if ψ : V → K is another linear functional such that...

Words: 322 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Uigig

...Assignment 1–Advanced Operations Research - MATH 3010 Posted 23 August 2014 Due date: 19 September 2014, by 5pm In all the statements below, the notation, as well as references to page numbers, equations, etc, are as in the textbook Primal-dual interior-point methods, by Wright, Stephen, which is available online for UniSA staff and students. All relevant chapters of the textbook are also available in the webpage of the course. For solving this assignment, you need to read the handwritten Lecture Notes posted in the web and the material in the book up to Chapter 4, page 70. Question 1 (2+2+3+3+3+3=16 points) Fix A ∈ Rm×n , b ∈ Rm , and c ∈ Rn . (a) Write down the KKT conditions for the following problem, on the variable x ∈ Rn : min cT x Ax = b ; x ≥ 0. (1) (b) Write down the KKT conditions for the following problem, on the variable (λ, s) ∈ Rm+n AT λ max λT b + s = c; s ≥ 0, (2) Show that both the KKT conditions associated with both problems are identical. (c) Given x, s ∈ Rn , define the matrices X = diag(x1 , . . . , xn ), S = diag(s1 , . . . , sn ), and the vector e = (1, . . . , 1)T ∈ Rn . Let F : R2n+m → R2n+m be defined as  T  A λ+s−c . Ax − b F (x, λ, s) =  XS e Show that a solution of F (x, λ, s) = 0 does not necessarily satisfy the KKT conditions of part (a) (or part (b)). Prove that, on the other hand, every vector (x, λ, s) that satisfies the KKT conditions must satisty F (x, λ, s) = 0. (d) Recall that the search direction (∆x, ∆λ, ∆s) generated by a Newton...

Words: 1247 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Tax Senior

...Lesson 14 progressive and eco safe driving Introduction Progressive driving is about making maximum progress for the road, traffic and weather conditions without risking safety. This requires more driving skill along with better planning and awareness, particularly when you are overtaking or negotiating bends in the road. Eco safe driving is very similar but with more emphasis on saving fuel. Lesson aims and objectives During this lesson you will learn how to overtake fast moving vehicles on a single carriageway, how to negotiate bends at speed and how to recognise when speed can result in a waste of time, energy and fuel. By the end of this lesson you should be able to: ? explain the difference between progressive driving and speeding; ? explain the conditions that are likely to result in a skid and losing control of the vehicle; ? consistently drive at such a speed that you can stop within the distance you can see to be clear; ? explain what factors need to be considered when assessing how fast a bend can be negotiated safely and the risks involved; ? identify the sharpness of a bend on approach and the most suitable speed and gear to negotiate the bend; ? demonstrate a reasonable level of skill in negotiating bends of differing shapes and complexity; ? explain the likely places it would be unsafe to overtake and why; ? demonstrate a reasonable level of skill in overtaking moving vehicles at speed on a single two way carriageway...

Words: 2143 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Bios Chips

...graphics capability. The Giga byte GA-H55M-UD2H is great for charging Apple devices with by turning it on and off, having 3x’s the power for USB for great USB usage. It also has an easy BIOS setting as well as 2 PCI-E 2.0x 16 graphics interface with ATI Cross Fire X support for graphics performance. The AMD 770 Northbridge chipset is used with the Phenom Series made by ATI. This is used for performance for the graphics. The AMD SB710 Southbridge chipset is a high-performance embedded platform solution that packs HyperTransport™ 3.0 Technology, 1 PCI Express® Generation 2, DirectX® 10 and high definition hardware video decode into a solution targeted at high end embedded client applications. It is for use with Embedded AMD Athlon single and dual-core processors from 8W to 35W. Also it is designed to also be compatible with quad-core AMD Phenom processors. It has up to 128MB DDR3 dedicated frame buffer (sideport memory) for optimizations in power savings and video decoding. Used for operating system support for Windows Vista, Windows XP and XPe and Linux. The Socket AM3 Connector is compatible with the AM3 and AM3+ processors, but not AM2 or AM2+ processors, which have 940 pins instead of the 941 pins of the...

Words: 313 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Theories of Knowlege

...network model appeared, the publications introduced the first models of as computing machines, the basic model of a self-organizing network (Arbib, 1995). Martindlae (1991) states that "The brain does not have anything we could really call a central processing unit, and the brain does not work in a serial fashion. The brain is therefore more like a large number of very slow computers all operating at the same time and each dedicated to a fairly specific task" (p. 10). The more modern is the dual coding approach, which believes that knowledge is a series of complex associative networks. Within these networks there are imagined (visual) and verbal representations. These two representations are what facilitate the recovery and storage of knowledge (Paivio, 1986). Allan Paivio is the researcher in the area of verbal and nonverbal representations during the 1960's. In 1971 Allan Paivio presented his innovative paper:” Imagery and Verbal Processes”. Because of this paper the concept of a dual coding process was born. This method gives an explanation on how...

Words: 1191 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Manage Risk

... Management meetings to finish 3:00pm. Install teleconferencing. Management training shift to morning half day sessions. By-law Compliance risk – reputation loss and fines by council – initially rated as high. Apply for time to ‘make good’. Policy and procedures to change work practices. Install water saving devices such as native plants, tank, dual flush toilet systems, and 5 stars (WELS) dishwasher. Banking risk – theft of cash left on premises – initially rated as medium. Insurance on ‘cash on premises’. Open an account with closest bank. Policy and procedure requirement to bank daily.   2. Implementation Manager’s travel risk – physical injury – initially rated as extreme. The weekly management meetings are finishing close to 3:00pm. The assistant management training has been shifted to the mornings allowing the manager to leave before 1:00PM. By-law Compliance risk – reputation/brand loss and fines – initially rated as high. An external audit was completed and presented to the board 6 months after settlement. The board and CEO included a new policy regarding compliance with the Toowoomba by-law on water conservation. The dual flush toilets are ordered and in stock. The 5 star rated (WELS) dishwasher was installed. The application to make-good by Goldsmith Partners on behalf of MacVille, was accepted by the Toowoomba City Council. A water tank had been built in to the courtyard. There is a weekly water usage monitor in the staff room Banking risk – theft of cash left on...

Words: 334 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Impop

...GUIDE TO THE ASSESSMENTS TASKS Assessment Task 1: Risk review Outcomes     Submit a completed written report? Submit notes of meeting (including feedback) with manager/supervisor (assessor)? Submit a draft communication to be used with stakeholders? Submit report and accompanying documents in agreed timeframe? Performance indicators  Scope – covering at least the following. a. Project – MacVille to expand their operations in Queensland and purchase and re-brand an existing cafe in Toowoomba. b. Business unit – MacVille Cafes Queensland. c. Risk in relation to functions – human resources management, financial operations, OHS, supply chain, local governance and compliance issues.  Goals – should include some of the following. a. To appropriately manage the risks involved with the operation of the Toowoomba store. b. To give the new manager significant insights into the store’s operations. c. To ensure there is a smooth transition to the MacVille systems. d. To encourage the new manager to give ongoing support for risk management.   See stakeholder feedback table in Appendix. Analysis. a. PEST analysis should include at least the following. i. Political – federal legislation concerning efficient water usage, by-law allowing cafes to expand their footpath dinning. ii. Economic – gross regional product growth of 8.9%, number of visitors down 18%. iii. Social – place for retirees, population growing. iv. Technology - WIFI in cafe, an innovative frozen par-bake cooking...

Words: 1705 - Pages: 7

Free Essay

Dual Listing Company

...Lynch The Dual Listings July 2002 EVENT DRIVEN & EQUITY ARBITRAGE SALES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY Trades Examined: UK - Netherlands Reed Elsevier NV (REN NA) vs Reed Elsevier Plc (REL LN) Royal Dutch Petroleum (RDA NA) vs Shell Transport & Trading Co Plc (SHEL LN) Unilever NV (UNA NA) vs Unilever Plc (ULVR LN) UK - Australia BHP Billiton Ltd (BHP AU) vs BHP Billiton Plc (BLT LN) Brambles Industries Ltd (BIL AU) vs Brambles Industries Plc (BI/ LN) Rio Tinto Ltd (RIO AU) vs Rio Tinto Plc (RIO LN) Introduction: The purpose of this report is to provide a basic overview of the dual-listing environment, highlighting the nature of company structures involved, why the structures were adopted and how they work. Contents: Page 1. Frequently Asked Questions 2 2. Why do Dual Listed Companies Exist? 4 3. Dual Listing Structures 5 4. Currency Risk 6 5. Terminology 7 6. Factors Affecting Performance 8 Appendix 1: Stock Specific Data A.1 Reed Elsevier NV vs Reed Elsevier Plc 10 A.2 Royal Dutch NV vs Shell T&T Plc 12 A.3 Unilever NV vs Unilever Plc 14 A.4 BHP Billiton Ltd vs BHP Billiton Plc 16 A.5 Brambles Ind. Ltd vs Brambles Ind. Plc 18 A.6 Rio Tinto Ltd vs Rio Tinto Plc 20 Glossary of Terms 22 1. Frequently Asked Questions Q. What is a dual listed structure? Where a company is listed on two exchanges it is referred to as a Dual Listed Company...

Words: 4065 - Pages: 17

Free Essay

Nt1110Lab5Motherboard

...ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE COMPUTER STRUCTURE AND LOGIC NT1110 LAB 5: Identify Motherboard Components and Form Factors Gus Perez 19593003 Salem, Oregon. Task 1: Results and Deliverables. The LGA 1156 connector LGA 1156, also known as Socket H or H1, is an Intel desktop CPU socket. LGA stands for land grid array. Its incompatible successor is LGA 1155. The 1156 is the number of pins in the socket, its designed to take the 1156 pin processor. What processors is it used with? Intel Celeron, Pentium, Core i3, i5, i7, and Xeon What is its purpose on the motherboard? LGA 1156 socket allows the following connections to be made from the processor to the rest of the system. * PCI-Express 2.0 ×16 for communication with a graphics card * DMI for communication with the Platform Controller Hub (PCH). This consists of a PCI-Express 2.0 ×4 connection * FDI for communication with the PCH, this consists of two display connections * Two memory channels for communication with DDR3 SDRAM Basically the LGA 1156 socket connects the processor with the motherboard. Intel H55 chipset The Chipset shows what the motherboard can possible do or not. Every computer have a Northbridge chipset. It’s main purpose is to make the link between the processor and the rest of the computer (graphic card, USB ports, hard drive, etc.) but the utility of a Northbridge vary from chipset to chipset, some will act also as a graphic card and on others chipsets, they may also manage the...

Words: 1476 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Code of Ethics Analysis

...interest that interfere with the exercise of professional discretion and impartial judgment. Social workers should inform clients when a real or potential conflict of interest arises and take reasonable steps to resolve the issue in a manner that makes the clients’ interests primary and protects clients’ interests to the greatest extent possible. In some cases, protecting clients’ interests may require termination of the professional relationship with proper referral of the client. (b) Social workers should not take unfair advantage of any professional relationship or exploit others to further their personal, religious, political, or business interests. (c) Social workers should not engage in dual or multiple relationships with clients or former clients in which there is a risk of exploitation or potential harm to the client. In instances when dual or multiple relationships are unavoidable, social workers should take steps to protect clients and are responsible for setting clear, appropriate, and culturally sensitive boundaries. (Dual or multiple relationships occur when social...

Words: 307 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Week 6 Assignment

...was “Romantic Relationships and Substance Use in Early Adulthood: An Examination of the Influences of Relationship Type, Partner Substance Use, and Relationship Quality” by Charles B. Fleming, Helene R. White, and Richard F. Catalano. This article covered the effects that varying type of relationships have on substance use, and being as I went through these different stages right out of high school so I can relate and appreciate the data. This article was very easy to relate too and to understand how relationships can change you for worst or better, and the way that the data is delivered was straight forward and clear cut so I was able to interpret it clearly. The information that is given in this article was well researched and delivered, and being that this was a research paper it would give good starting points for where I should begin my own research. Although this paper was focused on a limited age range (early adulthood 18-20) it was extremely thorough in retrieving data and offers many areas where you could continue the research and look more into a specific relationship type. This paper covers the opposing affects that differing stages of relationships play on drug use, heavy drinking, and smoking, but this study only focuses on the transition between graduating high school and entering college and gives a small glimpse into what the roles play later in life. The most interesting piece of data that this article had was not only does being in a relationship gives the people...

Words: 408 - Pages: 2