DVD Notes Template Student: Kelley Lorencki | “The philosophy of the ____schoolroom__ in one generation will be the philosophy of _government____ of the next.” ~ Abraham Lincoln | Early American Education | Harvard | Started by Congregationalists to train ministers of the Gospel. Produced John Adams, John Hancock, Samuel Adams, William hooper, Robert Paine, William Williams, Rufus King, Fisher Aims, William Cushing, Timothy Pickering and many more.“For Christ and the Church” & “For the Glory of Christ” were its mottos. “Let every student be plainly instructed and…considered well [that] the main end of the his life and studies is to know God and jesus, which is eternal life (John 17:3)” Harvard instituted practice like reading scriptures twice a day as a philosophy of education. | Yale | Started by Congregationalists to train ministers of the Gospel.Produced Philip Livingston, Lewis Morris, William Livingston, Noah Webster, Zephaniah Swift, James Kent. Yale required to live a religious and blameless life according to God’s Word. | Princeton | Started by Presbyterians to train ministers of the Gospel.Produced Benjamin Rush, Gunning Bedford, James Maddison, William Paterson, Olive Ellsworth, Henry Lee “Light Horse Hary Lee”Many were trained by John Witherspoon who required every student to attend worship twice a day. | Early Educational Laws | 1642 Old Deluder Satan Act | If common people could read and learn the word of God for themselves they would resist government misbehavior.Americas first public school law.Contained in the book “The Code Of Laws of 1650”.Required public schools in each community.If a child could not read they would not know the word of God of the laws of the state. | 1787 Northwest Ordinance | 1789 George Washington signed. First federal law to address education.Passed at the same time and by the same people who drafted the First Amendment.Now interpreted as prohibiting presence of religious activities in public schools.Linked religion, morality and knowledge. | Early Educational Pioneers | Benjamin Rush | 1745-1813 “Father of Published Schools under Constitution” Two most important people in America were school masters and mothers because they taught the next generation. Signer of Declaration served in three presidential administrations. University professor and helped founded 5 universities (3 still exist today).Helped open education for women.Textbook author.Proposed public schools.Graduated Princeton when he was 14 years old. | Noah Webster | Soldier, legislator, and Judge.Helped found Amherst College and textbook authors including dictionary.“Schoolmaster to America”Christian religion is the most important. | The New England Primer | First textbook ever published in America in 1690.Small because it was easier for students to carry since they lived so far away.Guide to the art of reading.Beginning reader.Contained three elements; rhyming alphabet, alphabet of lessons for youth and shorter catechism.Rhyming alphabet was key part of public education in America for two centuries.Alphabet of lessons for youth was Bible verses that started with letter of alphabet. | Benjamin Franklin | Signer of the Declaration and Constitution.Help found schools for African American students for academics and Christian principles.Reprinted The New England Primer.Founded University of Pensilvania. | Thomas Paine | Considered less religious than Benjamin Franklin.Did not believe religion should be excluded from public schools. | Famous American Textbooks and Educators | McGuffey Readers | 1830s and 1840s.Written by William Holmes McGuffey.Famous readers that contain “The Golden Rule”, “Goodness of God”, “Christian Light and Hope”.Had lessons on the Ten Commandments. | Emma Willard | Championed academic education.Started women’s schools.Authored textbooks.Inlcuded moral and religious lessons.Wrote “A System of Universal History” | Booker T. Washington | Headed Tuskegee Institute.Started Bible College in which students because leaders and educators.Studied the Bible every day.Tuskegee Institute required chapel services. | Daniel Webster | Three decades in congress.Argued several cases before surpreme court including Philadelphia Public Schools forbidding ministers from the campusArgument lasted three days. On last day argument was taken from the Bible now published.“Education of youth lays the foundation on which both law and gospel rest for success.” | Measuring Results of Educational Philosophies | Martin Luther | Efforts in public education fostered by Luther’s philosophy.Advocated public education to eliminate illiterate Dark Ages.His philosophy dominated in American education for centuries.Believes unless schools teach the Bible they are the “wide gates to Hell”. | SAT Scores, Literacy Rates, Academic Achievement, etc. | SAT Scores declined since secular approach to schools.Academic comps American high school students have finished last nearly last or bottom.Elementary students above average.JR. High average.High school students at bottom.Illiteracy skyrocketed in America (65th in the world out of 200 nations).2 dozen states have laws granting choice.Biblical basis of American Education: Proverbs 1:7 “The fear of Lord is the beginning of knowledge”. | Proven Elements of a Sound Education1. Religion2. Morality3. KnowledgeShould be instilled in home, church and school communities. |