...EARLY PREGNANCY Early Pregnancy is one of the most alarming issues in our world today. Many teenagers engage themselves in sexual inter course with their partners, their boyfriends/girlfriends, just to be "in" with their friends. A teenage girl being pregnant in early stage looked down upon with shame. Teenage pregnancy occurs due to many reasons. Some of these are; peer pressure, lack of knowledge, sexual abuse or rape, and teenage drinking. Peer pressure is an early stage of pregnancy, it causes sexual intimacy for the opposite sex. For example, if a teenager hangs out with a group who are sexually active, nine out of ten is sexually active too. Most of the teenagers option to have sexual intercourse because they need to achieve the acceptance given by the "circle of friends". Teenagers who are uneducated about sex are more likely to have an unintended pregnancy. Some teens do not fully understand the biological and emotional aspects associated with having sex . Their parents must also help them to know more about the privacy and the sacredness of having sex. Teens can become pregnant as a result of sexual abuse or rape. Between 43 and 62 percent of teen lack of knowledge that they were impregnated by an adult male, and two-thirds report that their babies' fathers are as old as 27. Approximately 5 percent of all teen births are the result of a rape. Teen drinking can cause an unexpected pregnancy, according to the website Love to Know. Many teens experiment with...
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...EARLY PREGNANCY: ITS RISKS AND HARM ________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fullment Of The Requirements In English IV F.Bangoy National Highschool Sasa, Davao City ________________________________________________________________ A Research Paper Presented To: Arvin Maturan Genovate English IV Teacher ________________________________________________________________ By: Rhea Lyca Suarez, Angelo Jadloc, May Ann Ganas Jon Boni Podador, Analyn Naquila, Alvin Cabusora John Mark Desierto, Michelle Cabagong, Jovelyn Roxas ________________________________________________________________ December 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS I . CHAPTER 1 Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….2 Objectives of the Study……………………………………………………………....3 Significance of the Study…………………………………………………………….4 Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Early Pregnancy…………………………...6 Definition of Terms………………………………………………………………… 7-8 II . CHAPTER 2 Review of Related Literature…………………………………………………….9-10 III. CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology………………………………………………………….11-13 * Research Instruments * Research Procedure * Research Design IV . CHAPTER 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation Data…………………………….14-23 * July 11 World Population Day * Their health and their future * The changing social context * Education Information * Latest Survey Result...
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...Page - rtm1 Mitosis in Onion Root Tip Cells A quick overview of cell division The genetic information of plants, animals and ot her eukaryotic organisms resides in several (or many) individual DNA molecules, or chromosomes . For example, each human cell possesses 46 chromosomes, while each cell of an onion possesses 8 chromosomes. All cells must replicate their DNA when dividing. During DNA replication , the two strands of the DNA d ouble helix separate, and for each original strand a new complementary strand is produced, yielding two identical DNA molecules. DNA replication yields an identical pa ir of DNA molecules (called sister chromatids ) attached at a region called the centromere . DNA replication in eukaryotes is followed by the process called mitosis which assures that each daughter cell receives one copy of each of the replicat ed chromosomes. During the process of mitosis, the chromosomes pass through several stages known as prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase . The actual division of the cytoplasm is called cytokinesis and occurs during telophase. During each of the preceding stages, particular events o ccur that contribute to the orderly distribution of the replicated chromosomes prior to cytokinesis. The stages of mitosis Prophase. During prophase, the chromosome s supercoil and the fibers of the spindle apparatus begin to form between centrosomes located at the pole of the cells. The nuclear membrane also disintegrates at this...
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...Anthropology of the Filipino People I Filipino Prehistory Rediscovering Precolonial Heritage By: Felipe Landa Jocano A Book Report Submitted by: Alexson T. Battung A student of Bachelor of Arts in History 1-1 Submitted to: Prof. Maria Rhodora Agustin Professor in History I. Introduction This book is the revised and expanded version of an earlier one, entitled Philippine Prehistory: An Anthropological Overview. Many new archaeological materials have been recovered since its publication in 1975, requiring changes in the earlier descriptions and interpretations of Philippine prehistoric society and culture. The title of this new edition is focusing in keeping with the currently emerging national consciousness which seeks to uncover the roots of Filipino cultural identity. I guess that the objectives of this book or this study are considered in four purposes. First, to reconstruct obscured by external influences- particularly those of the earlier interpretations of prehistoric events in the country. Old assumptions, including our earlier views, have to be reexamined and revised in the context of new data and new scientific thinking in...
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...Introduction At every prenatal exam, your health care provider will take your blood pressure, check your weight, and measure your belly to make sure your pregnancy is progressing in a healthy way. Your provider will also check your baby's heart rate. Having certain tests and screenings during pregnancy is another important part of your prenatal care. Tests and screenings help your health care provider find problems that might affect your pregnancy. Some tests are done for all pregnant women, and some are optional. Most tests and screenings during pregnancy do not pose any risks for you or your baby. You may need additional testing if any routine tests indicate a problem. Tests and screenings done in early pregnancy These are common tests and...
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...INTRODUCTION: What is pregnancy? And what are the different symptoms did pregnant experience? Pregnancy is a happy moment for every woman as it shows that you are expecting a child to bear. One of the toughest parts of trying to get pregnant has to be playing the waiting game each month to see whether or not you get your period and, of course, whether or not you wind up with a positive home pregnancy test. But even though you can't confirm things until you get two pink lines or a plus sign on a test stick, there are some really early pregnancy symptoms that might be an indication that you have a baby on board even if it's way too early to officially detect things yet. Some people have basic questions about how pregnancy happens. Some may have questions about avoiding a pregnancy. Others are considering pregnancy and have questions about pre-pregnancy health, or infertility. And some may wonder about options for an unintended pregnancy. Many women need information about pregnancy tests. Pregnant women may also have questions about prenatal care and the stages of pregnancy. And women who are concerned about pregnancy loss may have lots of questions about miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Only you can decide what is best for you when it comes to pregnancy. But we are here to help. A staff member at your local Planned Parenthood health center can talk with you about all of your pregnancy-related concerns. And we can help you get care that you need. Pregnancy is the fertilization...
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...Pregnancy, also known as gravidity or gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman.[1] A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins.[2] Pregnancy can occur by sexual intercourse or assisted reproductive technology. It usually lasts around 40 weeks from the last menstrual period (LMP) and ends in childbirth.[1][3] This is just over nine lunar months, where each month is about 29½ days.[1][3] When measured from conception it is about 38 weeks. An embryo is the developing offspring during the first eight weeks following conception, after which, the term fetus is used until birth.[3] Symptoms of early pregnancy may include missed periods, tender breasts, nausea and vomiting, hunger, and frequent urination.[4] Pregnancy may be confirmed with a pregnancy test.[5] Pregnancy is typically divided into three trimesters. The first trimester is from week one through 12 and includes conception. Conception is when the sperm fertilizes the egg. The fertilized egg then travels down the fallopian tube and attaches to the inside of the uterus, where it begins to form the fetus and placenta.[1] The first trimester carries the highest risk of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus).[6] The second trimester is from week 13 through 28. Around the middle of the second trimester, movement of the fetus may be felt. At 28 weeks, more than 90% of babies can survive outside of the uterus if provided high-quality medical care. The...
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...SPECIAL ARTICLE Postfertilization Effects of Oral Contraceptives and Their Relationship to Informed Consent Walter L. Larimore, MD; Joseph B. Stanford, MD, MSPH T he primary mechanism of oral contraceptives is to inhibit ovulation, but this mechanism is not always operative. When breakthrough ovulation occurs, then secondary mechanisms operate to prevent clinically recognized pregnancy. These secondary mechanisms may occur either before or after fertilization. Postfertilization effects would be problematic for some patients, who may desire information about this possibility. This article evaluates the available evidence for the postfertilization effects of oral contraceptives and concludes that good evidence exists to support the hypothesis that the effectiveness of oral contraceptives depends to some degree on postfertilization effects. However, there are insufficient data to quantitate the relative contribution of postfertilization effects. Despite the lack of quantitative data, the principles of informed consent suggest that patients who may object to any postfertilization loss should be made aware of this information so that they can give fully informed consent for the use of oral contraceptives. Arch Fam Med. 2000;9:126-133 Oral contraceptives (OCs) are among the most extensively studied and used medications in the world,1 and are accessible without a prescription in some countries, although still virtually unavailable in others. In America, OCs have...
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...Alcohol is the leading known preventable cause of mental and physical birth defects in the United States (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Revisited). When a woman drinks alcohol during her pregnancy she risks giving birth to a child who will have mental and physical deficiencies for their entire life. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome was first described and published in medical literature in 1968. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a physical abnormality most recognized in the facial features and reduced size of newborns it can also lead to behavior problems and cognition. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is caused by mothers drinking heavy during pregnancy. The current recommendation of the US Surgeon General is not to drink alcohol at all during pregnancy (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome). According to the book Fetal Alcohol Syndrome one in every 750 infants are born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome each year in the United States. An additional 40,000 babies are born with Fetal Alcohol Effects. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome occurs when alcohol crosses the placental barrier and it stunts fetal growth or weight, creates distinctive facial stigmata, damage neurons and brain structures, and causes other physical, mental, or behavioral problems. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is caused by prenatal exposure to high level of alcohol. Many people think of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome as a drunken baby or a baby addicted to alcohol but Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is not either. According to the book Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or FAS...
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...This assignment will discuss and critically analyse maternal welfare, observing the effects of alcohol on the growing fetus. Firstly, the issue will be to identify ways in which consumption of alcohol affects pre and postnatal conception. Barnes and Bradley (1990) assert consumption of alcohol during pregnancy may have serious consequences for the fetus. Furthermore, the importance of current health initiatives relating to fetal alcohol syndrome will be addressed, including preventable measures. In addition, throughout the assignment, one will abbreviate Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Effects to FAS/E Barnes and Bradley (1990) emphasise alcohol travels through the blood stream to affect the sperm, egg and fetus. Professor Kaufman 1988 (in Barnes and Bradley 1991,p.98) suggests “no alcohol in the preconception preparation stage for both partners”, and during pregnancy for the women. Similarly, Stroebe (2000) stipulate women should not drink alcohol for the duration of pregnancy because of the risk of birth defects termed fetal alcohol syndrome. Moreover, Beattie 1981 (in Booth and Williams 1985, p75) highlight social and constant heavy drinking especially in the first trimester of pregnancy can damage the normal growth of the fetus. In support of this Zieman (2004) assert drinking during the first trimester is the most serious, and babies exposed to alcohol at this most crucial time often have small brains and physical problems, what's more these babies can develop severe learning difficulties...
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...Failure of fusion of one of the mullerian ducts with partial fusion with the opposite side results in the formation of a rudimentary horn with unicornuate uterus.If a pregnancy occurs in a rudimentary horn result is usually a rupture either in first or second trimester and it is usually a life threatening condition .The phenomenon is quite a rare entity and there are very few reported cases. This specific instance is an example of a case in which a pregnancy of 16 weeks occured in the rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus, resulting in a a rupture. Once a pregnancy occurs in the rudimentary horn,it is an immensely infrequent condition and results in rupture either in the first or second trimester. Buthan and Gibbon were the pioneers who...
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...enough to just write down all the information we have by ourselves and just simply rely it to the internet and copy but were wrong it’s very difficult because the information that we have are not really the definition but rather a common meaning of abortion, we need to understand every unfamiliar word we encounter and read other references. Despite of all circumstances, we are able to discover, learn and realize a lot of things. Abortion is really a grave distraction of life it can ruin not just our sole life but also those people who are concern and love us unconditionally, it will never be a solution to a problem but rather you are making a mortal sin and it makes the situation more complicated. Abortion is also called the termination of pregnancy it is the expulsion of human fetus or innocent person. It is one of the most common problems in this world. Some woman are trying to decide if abortion is really the right choice for them and they probably think many things about it and some woman really do it without thinking if how it will affect their future lives. There are two type of abortion the Induced and spontaneous. When you are going to do the abortion there are two methods the medical abortion which is taking pills or medicines to cause...
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...Every human being begins life as a single cell, formed when father's sperm fertilises mother's egg. Fertilisation normally takes place in the mother's Fallopian tube, which connects the uterus (womb) with the ovary. The uterus is the size and shape of a large pear: it is made of muscle and it stretches to allow the baby's growth throughout the months of pregnancy. A woman ordinarily has two tubes and two ovaries, one at each side of her uterus. Every month one of the ovaries in turn releases an egg (ovum) which passes slowly along the tube towards the womb cavity If the egg is not fertilised within 12 hours or so of being released, it dies; it cannot develop further. But if the woman has sexual intercourse during the days of her monthly cycle just before or at the time when an egg has been released from the ovary, then many sperm cells released by her partner may travel up to the Fallopian tube and one may fertilise the egg. When fertilisation is completed and the nuclei of egg and sperm have combined, a new being comes into existence and is capable of further development. Because the parents are human - belonging to the species Homo sapiens - the new being is also human. Fertilisation (by which we mean conception) marks the beginning of the human lifespan. A consultant specialising in the care of pregnant women writes: "Life does not begin with birth. When born, we are already nine months old... we have a responsibility to learn how to study the life in utero, and how to care...
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...Child Development When I was pregnant with my daughter, my only wish was for a healthy child. The early years of a child’s life are crucial for cognitive, social, and emotional development. Prenatal care is very important and will help you to make wise decisions and increase your chances for a happy and healthy outcome. You are no longer responsible for just one person but two. The little one growing inside of you depends on your for nutrition and a safe resting place for nine months. All of the lifestyle choices you make during pregnancy will not only affect your health but also the child as well. Bad habits like alcohol, smoking, and drug use may harm your baby and bring about developmental issues. Identifying developmental issues as early as possible allows early intervention that can lead to successful treatment. The brain begins developing although still in the womb and continues to grow over time. Research has shown that exposure to alcohol in the womb is one of the leading causes of brain disorders in infants in the United States. Exposure to environmental toxins can also cause slow brain development and mental retardation. Prenatal care is one of the best ways to protect babies from brain damage. Developmental delays can have future negative effects on your child, which may lead to speech and language difficulties, behavioral problems, and learning problems. Nutrition Your baby’s development depends on proper nutrition. My doctor informed me when I was...
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...your 6-month pregnancy timeline consisting of three activities that positively affect your infant’s future development. Along with the daily activity list in the following paragraphs you will receive and explanation of the importance of these activities for the baby’s development. These activities will also assist in any future pregnancies you may choose to have. These activities and explanations will be based on developmental theory. The following paragraph will start the discussion with the first and second daily activity along with the explanation of these activities. First daily activity, maintain a healthy, balanced diet. Eating the correct amount of fruits and vegetables, carbohydrates and protein, such as fish, lean meat, eggs and nuts will help with your baby’s development. Try to two portions of fish a week, at least one of which should be oily. Fish is packed with protein, vitamin D, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are important for the development of your baby's nervous system. Second daily activity, take a supplement. Pregnancy vitamin supplements aren't a substitute for a balanced diet. But they can help if you're worried you're not eating well, or you're too sick to eat much. If you don't eat fish, fish oil supplements may be helpful. Choose a supplement made from the body of the fish, not the liver. This is because fish liver oils (such as cod liver oil) may contain the retinol form of vitamin A, which isn't recommended in pregnancy. Third daily...
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