...The Ecological Model and My Own Development David O Cook Liberty University Counseling 620 April 12, 2015 Abstract According to McWhirter (2013), “Bronfenbrenner’s (1994) ecological model rests on the thesis that humans develop and grow within the context of a number of reciprocal systems” (p. 21). The theory presents that adolescence’s development is effected by everything in their surroundings. This paper will address the different systems that divide the ecological systems theory and how they have affected my own development through my life. Microsystem The first level discussed in the ecological theory will be the microsystem. This is the part that is closest around the person and is especially important to development because there is direct contact to the person (McWhirter et al, 2013). Example of the system would be a home environment, work place and school. This microsystem would include family members, other peers and direct caregivers. These relationships that are in this system can be viewed as reciprocal in direction. The interactions in the relationships are made up of reactions on both sides. These actions of the person are influenced by how they are treated in the relationship. This could be looked at as the most influential system in the theory. The microsystem in my own development would consist mostly of my family in the home environment. In my early life I was around four older brothers and two older...
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...processes and practices) which come with benign environmental effects. The approaches applied to interpreting the datasets are innovation life cycle analysis, and product chain analysis. Main results include the following: 1. Innovations merely aimed at eco-efficiency do in most cases not represent significant contributions to improving the properties of the industrial metabolism. This can better be achieved by technologies that fulfill the criteria of eco-consistency (metabolic consistency), also called eco-effectiveness. 2. Ecological pressure of a technology is basically determined by its conceptual make-up and design. Most promising thus are technologies in earlier rather than later stages of their life cycle (i.e. during R&D and customisation in growing numbers), because it is during the stages before reaching the inflection point and maturity in a learning curve where technological environmental innovations can best contribute to improving ecological consistency of the industrial metabolism while...
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...My Ecological Footprint Report Introduction The objective of the Ecological Footprint (EF) Calculator has allowed me to calculate overall impact on natural resources and to explore opportunities for changing my current lifestyle choices. It has also made me understanding of the linkages between environment, economy, society, and inter and intra-generational equity that relate each other. As our economy is generated by the goods and services developed from natural, social, built/financial capitals, this calculator highlights me the importance of how my daily decision-making can effect largely on the environment and my consumption is overtaken the ability of the earth to sustain inter and intra generations' life cycles. We including humans and other species have only one planet on the earth to survive well. Currently we have an ecological overshoot of human demands on natural assets which have exceeded the Earth's regenerative capacity. (Global Footprint Network, 2012) There are needs for precautions and remedial actions on increased consumptions over natural capital given by the planet's limited natural resources and ecological degradation. To avoid this upcoming effects, we all have our own individual's responsibility to reduce our impact and go GREEN from small to big chances which require our daily informed choices, planning, management, strategy and investment. Moreover, we should set realistic reduction targets and meet them for inter and intra-generations. The report...
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...Executive Summary For the last five decades the pursuit of economic growth has been the single most important policy goal across the world. The global economy is almost five times the size it was half a century ago (Tim Jackson, Published by the Sustainable Development Commission © March 2009, P1). Economic growth is supposed to deliver prosperity. Better investment return could indicate excellent corporation development, and higher incomes should mean better choices, richer lives, and an improved quality of life for us all. However, the banking crisis of 2008 forced us to confront our inability to manage the financial sustainability of the global economy and the ecological sustainability as well. In addition, led the world to the brink of financial disaster and shook the dominant economic model based on economic growth to its foundations. The aim of this report is to define sustainable economy in terms of six themes: ecology and sustainability; population and demographics; science and technology; economy; geopolitics and security; society and culture. Also, analyze the effects of issues of sustainable economy on management’s governance of the Colourful Corporation. Based on these analyses, this report will provides recommendations about future vision and strategy top management could consider for a sustainable Colourful Corporation. Based on these analyses, the following recommended visions and strategis will be given for Management to keep the Colourful Corporation’s sustainability: ...
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...Biology Biome: the largest division of the biosphere. Biosphere: the thin layer of air, land, and water on or near Earth’s surface in which all living things on Earth exists. Climatograph: A graph of climate data for a specific region. Ecosystem: a part of a biome in which abiotic components interact with biotic components. Biodiversity: the variety of all living species of plants, animals, and micro-organisms on Earth. Niche: The special role an organism plays in an ecosystem, including the way in which it contributes to and fits into environment. Structural adaptations: a physical feature of an organism’s body having a specific function that contributes to survival of the organism. Physiological: a physical and chemical event that occurs within the body of an organism that enables survival. Behavioral: what an organism does to survive in the unique conditions of its environment. Species: a group of closely related organisms. Population: all members of a particular species. Community: all the population of the different species. Bioremediation: the use of organisms (micro or plants), to break down chemical pollutants in water or soil to reverse/lessen environmental damage. Decomposition: breaking down of organic wastes and dead organisms. Biodegradation: action of living things such as bacteria to break down dead organic matter. Decomposer: change wastes and dead organisms into usable nutrients. Detrivores: consumers that obtain their energy by eating bodies...
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... Dhurim Gjureci The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources To: Benjamin Bradshaw GEOG*2210 (DE) S14 Environment and Resources From: Dhurim Gjureci 0678764 Thursday, July 17, 2014 The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources 1 GEOG 2210 S14 Dhurim Gjureci The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources By: Dhurim Gjureci Table of Contents What is Ecological Footprint? How is Ecological Footprint Measured? The Current State of the Earth Canada’s Ecological Footprint The Importance of Knowing Our Ecological Footprint Reduction Efforts Conclusion Bibliography...
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...ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT Mohammad Khanbashi Managing for Sustainability In 2007, the Earth’s people used about 50% more natural resources than the planet could regenerate.1 A measure of the impact humans have on the environment is called an ecological footprint. A country’s ecological footprint is the sum of all the cropland, grazing land, forest and fishing grounds required to produce the food, fiber and timber it consumes, to absorb the wastes emitted when it uses energy and to provide space for infrastructure. WWF’s Living Planet Report 2010 found that in 2007 the global ecological footprint was 18 billion hectares. This means that the Earth’s people needed 18 billion hectares of productive land in order to provide each and every person with the resources they required to support their lifestyle 1 . Living Planet Report, WWF, GFN and ZSL, 2010 and to absorb the wastes they produced. The bad news is that there were only 11.9 billion global hectares available. In Australia, we’re consuming more than three times our fair share of the planet’s natural resources. If we continue these consumption patterns, we will face an ecological overshoot that will have far-reaching future consequences for people and nature. Australians have one of the largest environmental footprints per capita in the world, requiring 6.8 global hectares per person. If all people consumed the Earth’s resources the way that we do in Australia, it would take the resources of more...
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...Footprint………………………………………………………………6 10. Discussion of Footprint Indicators………………...………...………………………….7 11. Comparison of Footprint Indicators……………………………………………….…...7 12. Conclusion & Recommendations………………………………………………………8 13. References…………………………………………………………....................……….9 14. Appendices.......................................................................................................….........................10 Executive Summary The ecological footprint of the SBRC building at the University of Wollongong was investigated; this includes investigating the water and the carbon footprint of the building. A complete life cycle assessment was conducted on the SBRC building to calculate its water and carbon footprint. According to the data collected during this report it has been observed that concrete is the highest contributor of CO2 emissions. Respectively, steel was the highest contributor to the water footprint. Nonetheless, the whole design for the SBRC has a low ecological...
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...Explain the difference between Neoclassical Environmental Economics, Ecological Economics, and Natural Resource Economics. The three approaches originate from three different schools of thought. Broadly, Neoclassical Environmental Economics (NEE) is the opposite of the Ecological Economics (EE), and Natural Resource Economics (NRE) lies somewhere between them. Let’s begin with the opposing views. Field states, ‘Environmental Economics is the application of the principles of economics to the study of how environmental resources are managed. (Field & Field 2013:2). In gist, NEE is an Anthropospheric view of the environment through micro and macro-economic principles and sociopolitical influences that ignores the other spheres of life. The environment, is a subsystem of economics and has no intrinsic value. It is merely a factor of production, and only manufactured goods/services have an intrinsic value. EE, on the other hand, is a holistic approach, broader in scope, concerned with the supply and demand of energy and matter within the biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere - where contrastingly, the Anthroposphere is the subsystem. EE claims that NEE is totally dependent on the environment and that residuals and pollution are disruptive to natural processes and diminishes the earth’s bio-capacity. Environmental Economics’ primary focus is to manage the environment to supply services and goods in exchange for money (MO 2015 quoting Tietenberg 2014:7) whereas...
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...group had a fence enclosed around it. Also, there was a predation relationship between the wildflowers and the kangaroo rats because the kangaroo rats eat wildflowers. Assuming that the fence was limiting the space of the experimental plot, competitive exclusion caused the extinction of the 4 other wild flowers. To begin, there was some interspecific competition, which happens when individuals of different species compete for a resource that limits their survival, between the 5 flower species in the experimental plot because they had their space limited to the fence that they were enclosed in. this competition was a density dependent factor in that the death rate rose when population density in the plot rose. Also, some of the specie’s ecological niches (like what nutrients they needed and how many branches would form) would have had to been the same or else they could coexist together. Then, one of the species of wildflower might have had a reproductive advantage like thorns to repel the kangaroo rats which would have allowed them to prosper and the other species to die out. This is the principle of competitive exclusion. On a tangent, the kangaroo rats would have learned to stay away from the wildflower with thorns by classical conditioning because they paired the idea of getting stung with eating that particular wildflower species and eventually stopped. The control plot, on the other hand, did not have a fence, so they had all the room to grow and didn’t not have to compete...
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...Strategic Decisions. Villiers Publication. London (114). Blackwood, et al 2011. The Nonprofit Sector in Brief: Public Charities, Giving, and Volunteering. Washington D.C Urban Institute (53-65). Bowman, et al 2011. Financial Capacity and Sustainability of Ordinary Nonprofits. Management and Leadership 3rd Ed. Oxford University Press (37-51). Brandlow,K. 2007.The Role of Government in Community Development in Aotearoa New Zealand. Victoria University o Wellington (13-42). Bray, Llona 2010. Effective Fundraising for Nonprofits: Real-World Strategies that Work 2ndEd. Macmillan Press Limited (71-90). Bridger, et at 2004. Building the Sustainable Community. University of Texas Press, USA (462-92). Cavallaro, F. 2005. Integrated Multi-Criteria System to Assess Sustainable Energy Option.Oxford University Press (140-154). Chile, L. 2006. Good Development Practice: An Instrument for Building Community SocietyNew York. Orbis Books (400-412). Costanza, R. et al 2007. An Introduction to Ecological Economics. St. Lucie Press, Boca Raton, Florida (4-93). Dorothy, A. Johnson 2005. Center for Philanthropy and Leadership 4th Ed. Villiers Publication. London (77-98). Hackler, et al 2007. The Strategic Use of Information Technology by Nonprofit Organizations.Increasing Capacity and Untapped Potential. Oxford University Press (474-487). Kirk,et al 2010.NonprofitMissionStatement Focus...
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...possible in living things is called natural selection. Scientists use the term adaptive radiation to describe the change from a common ancestor into a number of different species that “radiate out” to inhabit different niches. Ecological succession is the term scientists use to refer to changes that take place over time in the types of organisms that live in an area. Primary succession occurs in an area where no soil exists, such as on bare rock. Pioneer species is the term scientists use to describe the lichens and other plants that are the first organisms to survive and reproduce in an area. The process of primary succession leads to the development of a mature community, which is sometimes called a climax community. Flooding occurs in coastal areas, rivers, and lakes, when the volume of water exceeds the ability of the water body to contain it. Tsunami is the term used to describe a huge, rapidly moving ocean wave and it is usually caused by large earthquakes or underwater volcanic eruptions. Drought is a recurring event in many parts of the world, it usually occurs when there is a below-average amount of precipitation in an area over a period of many months or years. Land use refers to the ways we use the land around us for urban development, agriculture, industry, mining, and forestry. Resource use refers to the ways we obtain and use these materials. Habitat loss refers to the destruction of habitats, which usually results from human activities. Habitat fragmentation...
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...FAQ: Biodiversity and Ecosystems Question 1: What is meant by succession, and what factors are responsible for succession? Answer 1: Succession is the order in which an ecosystem becomes established. It is the process by which species within a community replace one another in a given ecosystem. Usually, the complexity of the communities increases as they are replaced. Succession is triggered by a disturbance (fire or storm) or newly created open areas (deforestation). Ecological succession has several levels including primary and secondary succession. Primary succession involves pioneer species, which are usually the first ones to colonize open areas. They are hardy species and include things like microbes, mosses, and lichens. Eventually, the pioneer species become replaced by climax species. Climax species only occur after a long period without disturbance. Climax species are usually long-lived and require a stable environment. Question 2: How can natural selection lead to the development of new species? What are the prerequisites and the limitations? Answer 2: Natural selection was first proposed by Charles Darwin in his book Origin of Species. Natural selection is the process by which certain gene combinations give an organism a certain advantage over the others in a population. This trait then becomes selected as the population continues to reproduce. For example, suppose a certain mouse can run faster than any of the other mice in a population. The mouse will have a better...
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...------------------------------------------------- THE UNITED ARAB emirates AND THE ECOLOGICAL AND CARBON FOOT PRINTS A report done for ENS205 course July 7, 2013 Abu dhabi university Safaa Ismail (1028296) July 7, 2013 Abu dhabi university Safaa Ismail (1028296) UAE’s Ecological Footprint and Carbon Footprint Introduction: What is ecological footprint? The Ecological Footprint is a type of measurement that measures how much biologically useful land and sea is used by a given people or action, and relates this to how much land and sea is presented. The actions and resources needed by humans include food, fiber, timber, energy, and space for groundwork. Keeping in mind that these areas also include the space needed to dump all the waste that comes from that population. The Ecological Footprint processes the amount of these land, wherever they actually occur on the world. The Ecological Footprint is used broadly as a controlling and communication tool by governments, companies, informative institutions, and non-governmental establishments. (ecological foot print FAQ, n.d.) What is carbon footprint? The complete quantity of greenhouse gases created to directly and indirectly upkeep human actions. It is usually stated in equal tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). For example, when you drive a vehicle, the machine burns petroleum which generates a certain quantity of CO2, depending on its fuel intake and the driving distance. When you warm your household with fuel, gas or coal...
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...What is Sustainable Development? Sustainable development is development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."1 Sustainable Development is often described as being built on three, equally important foundations or pillars. Social Development To have a sustainable future, the needs of people must be met equally. Needs are things like access to medical care, suitable housing, food, and sanitation. Additionally, people will want as high a standard of living as possible and this must be achieved in a way that does not harm or exploit others. Sustainable development addresses these needs by promoting equality, education and participation in local communities. Environmental Protection Planet Earth has a limited amount of resources. We all need clean air, clean water, and land to live on that also is productive enough to provide good quality food for all. Sustainable human activities look to protect the Earth’s environment to make sure it is not damaged for future generations. Current issues include global warming, overfishing the seas, and deforestation on the land. Economic Development People throughout the world deserve the best standard of living that is sustainable. Improving medical care, sanitation, education, and enabling people to support themselves with a good standard of living requires the generation of wealth by economic activity. Sustainable economies also need to be competitive in a world...
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