...All economies in the world operate in cycles of expansion and recession. Additionally, the world as a whole is an economy the runs in a cycle. Factors such as gross domestic product (GDP), interest rates, levels of employment and consumer spending can help to determine the current stage of the economic cycle. For the United States, the current part of the cycle of the economy is recovery. Recovery is the time when unemployment is going down and GDP is going up. Additionally, recovery is the early stage of expansion. Economic expansion is when the GDP begins to rapidly increase. It is during times of expansion the people tend to invest in new technology and capital goods. Economic indicators used to show that the U.S. in the early stages of expansion includes the inflation rate, unemployment rate, real GDP, and the federal funds rate. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers rose 0.3 percent in March after rising 0.4 percent in February. The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.2 percent in March after increasing 0.1 percent in February. U.S. payroll employment rose by 115,000 in April and the unemployment rate has held steady at 8.1%. Employment increased in professional and business services, retail trade, and health care, but has declined in transportation and warehousing. This being said, the unemployment is still down from the 12% it was in May of 2010. Real GDP increased at an annual rate of 2.2 percent in the first...
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...of the Business Cycle and its Impact on Economic Indicators Olufunmilayo Ogutuga Economics For Managers ECON 550 Professor Saad Khalil December 10, 2011 | | Abstract It is no surprise that the economy of The United States of America is going through a cyclical peak. During the various business cycles, economic indicators revealed how the economy is doing based on gross domestic product, employment, inflation, retails sales etc. This paper would critically examine the business cycle and its implications in terms of higher sales, consumer demands and labor cost. It will also analyze how economic indicators such as Real GDP, Unemployment and Inflation have been impacted by the current and unfortunate economic situation faced in the United States today. Introduction The United States, like many other countries, is experiencing a major change in its economic system; and it is currently coming out of a recessionary business cycle which saw the production of goods and services decline, and unemployment on the rise; but the economy is moving at a snail's pace, easing into a peak. The paper will focus on how to interpret the business cycle and explain the current business cycle in the United States through an in-depth and critical look at the economic indicators. These Economic indicators will reveal the current economic situation as well...
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...involves in many festivals and special events to support and promote events as part of their strategies for economic development, infrastructure, and destination marketing. There are many types of special events but can be classify in categories: mega event, hallmark event, major event, and minor event. The duration of these events ranges from a single day up to many months in the case of World Expos. Special event produces a wide range of economic and social benefits for communities and regions. This economic and social impact will be assessed in this essay which focused on Wagner’s Ring Cycle held in Adelaide – South Australia in 1998. The Wagner’s Ring Cycle has economic impact as well as social impact to the host community. These impacts, which can be positive and negative, will be discussed particularly through the staging event that made a successful Australia's first original Ring Cycle. First of all, the economic impact is assessed by the information of the expenditure of the attendees and participants (spend how much and on what). The information is also obtained on “switching” for attendees and non-attendees in how much they would spend if the event had not been held in that area. The Wagner’s Ring Cycle event is a three complete cycles performed and each cycle is completed in seven – eight days period. The cost of the ticket range from $450 to $950 for the full cycle included food, drink and accommodation. It covers 8.6 days in average for interstate visitors and 10.7...
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...The Economics of Amartya Sen “Social Choice and Welfare Economics” (NPWES, 2008) And as related to Philippine Economy: National Budget Cycle In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant By: Binalingbing, Jhan Ray N. February 2014 INTRODUCTION “…a budget is a useful tool to help ensure that what limited money is available will be spent for the family’s most important needs, like food, clothing and shelter.” -Florencio Abad Secretary, Department of Budget and Management Every household knows that their budget is indispensable, important and has the capability to turn and mobilize their life around. Every day, millions of Filipinos work just for a meager share to eat, drink, and live, and tomorrow, work again to live for a day. Yet reality, tells us that many still suffer and live in difficult conditions. The National Statistics Coordination Board (NCSB) reported that in 2012, 4.2 million Filipino families experienced or lived in poverty or that is 19.2% percent. The same report also stated that a family of five needed a budget of PhP 5,513 to meet basic food needs every month and Php 7,890 to stay above the poverty threshold (basic food and non-food needs) every month. Such can be attributed to the inflation rise to 4.1 % from the year 2009-2012. What could have caused this statistic to be constant and rise up even more? Is there lack in financial stewardship and accountability on the part of Filipinos? Or even...
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...... I dream of a city ... a city full of people ... a crowded city ... a city with lots of bad people, and a little number of good people ... a city full of mosque ... people call it "The City of Mosque" ... in the dawn of winter if you wake up, You will hear the sound of Azan, from all the mosques from the city. ... Sorry, what did you say? you know a city like this one, the one exactly like I just said ... he he :) no my dear, you may not know this city, because in this city there are "cycles" ... lots and lots of cycles ... I want to call it "The City of Cycles", because in here everyone uses cycle for transport. You want to go in long distance or short distance, the city people use cycle. You wondering why cycle, because this city people prefer it, ... why, I don’t know :( ... when I ask one of them, "why do you ride cycle?" he first look at me, examine me if I am a stupid reporter from TV want tomake a news on him, then he said, "are you new in this city? Cycle is the Trademark of this city. Didn't you notice it?" I say, "Yeah! I noticed ... That's why I was asking ... is there any reason?" The man sighed and paddled on his way. Then I found a girl, she stopped and asked if I wanted a ride? I nodded. She was on the way to her office, she told me an amazing story, a story of sorrow, cough, dust and worst of'em all, a GHOST. YES, believe it or not, there was a ghost in the city. People called it "The Deadly One". Because it is a crowded city, when people came out from...
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...Long Day’s Journey into Night: The Perpetual Cycles within O’Neill’s Play O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night (1956, 2002) is a depiction of the Tyrone family and the ongoing cycle of events that occur within the span of one single day in their life. At first glance, patriarch James, his wife Mary, and adult sons Jamie and Edmund, appear to be the average family in the year 1912, until one looks further and finds that each appears to be in their own version of purgatory, stuck in a repetition of events and behaviors that are both non-productive, as well as destructive. Ultimately, these result in their being condemned to continually relive the worst events in their life with their most unflattering characteristics, time and time again. Yet, in doing so, they not only self-sabotage, but sabotage each other and prevent any member of the family from realizing any genuine relief or finding any true resolution amidst this perpetual cycle, which is essentially foreshadowed by the title, itself. Therefore, from the ongoing cycle of denial and blame, to anger and guilt, to drug use and abuse, Long Day’s Journey into Night is a cynical story that illustrates the seemingly infinite cycles that depict the perpetual struggles that occur within one family over the course of an average day as the light gives way to darkness. As such, the paragraphs that follow elaborate on some of the most prominent cycles within the story, beginning with a discussion of the Tyrone family’s...
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...Trend in Entrepreneurial Activity and Funding During Fluctuating Economic Cycles Introduction Global capital markets have been greatly impacted by the current economic climate. This has created significant challenges in startup capital and infusions of capital from Venture Capital funds or other types of angel investment. 2011 was, indeed, a transitional year for small businesses around the world. The primary issue is that it has become clear that credit will remain less available and that many institutions will remain risk-averse. A simple assessment would be that there was a hope that credit would start flowing again and that investment would be less restricted and it has now become clear that this is not a short-term problem. There was a time when a solid business plan was enough, then having a background in startups became desirable, then having the ability to prove one’s concepts became more important. In order to better understand what an entrepreneurial organization, especially a small business, needs to do in this current economic cycle, this research will look at numbers and types of market entrants, initial public offerings, funding opportunities, and ways to enhance profitability. This research will also examine how the fluctuations of various economic cycles have an impact on funding sources. The funding sources of angel investment, venture capital, private equity, and bootstrapping will be considered, leading into an understanding of the perspectives of the various...
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...11 A.M with my friend. There was lot of fashionable cycle with difference price range. The fashionable cycle price started from 9000 to 26000. It is very difficult for me to one from lot of cycle. I have seen more than hundred of cycle. But I couldn’t pick up one so easily because of my budget. I had a budget of 18000tk. Sometime I choice cycle but unfortunately it above of my budget. After seeing long time I take a decision to increase my budget in 22000tk for that I have to borrow 4000tk from my friend. So I have taken a bicycle exchange of 21500tk by spend of 6 hours. That cycle name is Totem Grim. It can run 30km per hour. When I back home with cycle, my family members were praised about cycle, after hearing price of cycle, they were little upset with me. Somehow I overcome it. Now I went to everywhere by cycle even my varsity too. My varsity distance is 12km from my home. When I went to varsity by bus it taken minimum two hours & I have to hurry for sitting, most of time hanging with door for long time & no guarantee to reach in correct time. Now I can go to my varsity within one hour & I don’t need to hanging & I reach in correct time. Most of time I got company from other cycler’s .Now in Chittagong City most of the Youth are using cycle to reach in their destination. There have many bicycle groups who are trying to inspired people for using cycle & keep our city jam free. The purchasing of cycle is proved very useful for me. It’s saved my money &...
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...What is he trying to achieve in the round of changes he put in motion in that period? Is there a logic or rationale supporting the change process? We can say that Welch’s approach to business improvement has gone through three different cycles of learning: a) In the first cycle (from early 1980s to late 1980s) he focused GE on the elimination of variety in its portfolio of businesses by reducing the nonperforming businesses. He launched the “#1 or #2” approach. The central idea that guided GE’s business decisions was that those business areas that intended to compete in global markets must either be or become number-one or number-two in their market places. Those businesses that had no chance of attaining this goal were to be fixed, either sold or closed. During this stage almost 200 businesses were sold off and more than 370 acquisitions were achieved. The rationale behind managing the portfolio of businesses was to ensure that GE would make the best use of its capital for appropriate investments. To strengthen this measure, Welch eliminated the sector level, ensuring that all businesses reported directly to him, situation that would create more pressure and control on the businesses’ CEO to deliver results. b) In the second cycle (from late 1980s to mid-1990s), once GE had focused itself on targeted business areas, Welch focused the company on simplifying and eliminating non-value-added activities through creative efforts of teams using Work-Outs. This tool was used...
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...alternative economic futures for their industry. In any market, economic conditions will change over time. The company must be able to adapt and change with the economy to remain successful. The company needs to find solutions for the changing economy to keep increasing their revenue and decreasing their costs. The economy may go through a recession, expansion and peaks over their years in business. Larson, Inc. needs to analyze the difference scenarios and determine the best course of action for each type of economic future. Also, the company must consider the economy’s stage in the business cycle to make well-informed decisions. Economic projections The business cycle will have continual change and fluctuate over time. History has shown us how the economy goes through peaks, recessions, troughs, and expansion. It is important for all businesses to understand the concepts of macroeconomics and how the business cycle is affected. Larson, Inc. can plan for the changes to remain successful and innovative. The business cycle is determined by the changes in GDP or gross domestic product. The change in the GDP can occur from economic reasons such as changes in demand, taxes and interest rates. It can also change from non-economic reasons such as war or natural disasters. The company must be aware and analyze the different indicators of the changing economy. The recession, in which Larson Inc. is currently experiencing, is a normal part of the business cycle. It is...
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...Air Transpor 1069917 5 May 2011 SFT 1007-1011 Introduction to air transport The impact of recession in air transport(passengers demand, economic cycles, current developments) The reports covers the entire aviation industry and will include the recession aspect and its consequences on the passengers demand, the economic cycle and also on the current developments. 1.0 Introduction One of the biggest international industries, the air transport, has the largest sensitivity on the economic crisis. That crisis hit and still continues to effect the populations, industries and economic growth in developed and developing countries. Every sector has been effected by the crisis, every industry has had a reaction and an immediate research for solutions. Instability of revenue and expenditure in the airline industry was effected from the global change. That for is easy to deduce that these reactions are different from each other. This in according to available founds, resources and differences in management. 2.0 Impacts on demand The demand aspect, is a factor that shows us the relationship between population and economic crisis. In fact, the perception of crisis brings different fears and uncertainty in people. Thus leading to an increase of the overall savings, with consequences under the economic factor, with less expenditure incurred by each person. This is one of the things that influenced more directly the airline industry, with a sharp drop in demand. Taking...
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...and poor has grown. Coupled with this is the resultant degradation of economic and social mobility. This serves to show that they there is a tendency for those that are poor, to remain poor. There are a number of causal factors that seemingly predicate this fate of a poverty cycle. The issues that contribute to this range from the education and wellbeing of the individual, societal influences and values, their spending habits, their living conditions as well as their ability to access funding as a means of fuelling entrepreneurial endeavours. Those that are born into poor families will not have access to the resources that those who are born into more fortunate families will be. This is highlighted by the education and wellbeing levels that are typically seen amongst the poor. In poor families there is typically a child who is unable to attend school or is unable to make a satisfactory attempt at learning due to the family’s inability to provide appropriate resources. Instances like this result in high illiteracy rates amongst the poor. This, from the outset of the child’s life, ensures that their career will be significantly hampered and job finding will be far harder, if not impossible. A similar trap exists with regards to the malnourishment of typically poor people. Those who are undernourished will be drastically less productive at work and in turn, will find their wages decreasing. This creates a cycle whereby the poor aren’t able to afford further sources of sustenance...
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...A key aspect of the external environment is the trade cycle. Analyse the impact of boom upon business and evaluate how business can take advantage of such a change in the trade cycle.(40) Economic growth is an increase in the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services, compared from one period of time to another. During this time most businesses enjoy more opportunities to gain success and also will be selling in a culture where the consumer confidence will be high and their purchasing power will also be stronger. We can look at the business cycle also to help us assess whether the economy is in a boom state or bust state. During periods of strong economic growth, we can often experience high rates of unemployment. One of the reasons this may occur is because during recession we are in need of a more skilled workforce as high tech industries will be booming and them sectors will need a large amount of skilled workers. But many unemployed may not have the right skills for this job. Alternatively, we could see geographical unemployment. This occurs when the economy is booming in the south, but unemployed workers in the north are unable or unwilling to move to the south (for example, difficulty of getting housing in London, where jobs are available. Another problem maybe that due to the boom the workers skilled labour may require higher pay which will prevent companies to hire more workers. There is evidence that supports this as in the 1980’s threre was a High level...
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...THE CAUSES OF AMERICAN BUSINESS CYCLES: AN ESSAY IN ECONOMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY Peter Temin* This paper surveys American business cycles over the past century. Its task is to identify the causes of these cycles; other papers in this collection address the nature of policy responses to these causes. This paper can be seen as a test to discriminate between two views of the American economy. The first is expressed in a characteristically vivid statement by Dornbusch, who proclaimed recently: “None of the U.S. expansions of the past 40 years died in bed of old age; every one was murdered by the Federal Reserve” (Dornbusch 1997). This stark view can be contrasted with its opposite in the recent literature: “[N]one of the popular candidates for observable shocks robustly accounts for the bulk of business-cycle fluctuations in output” (Cochrane 1994, p. 358). I expand the time period to consider the past century, but it is easy to distinguish the past 40 years, that is, the period since World War II. A survey of business cycle causes over an entire century runs into several problems, of which three seem noteworthy. First, it is not at all clear what “cause” means in this context. Second, the Great Depression was such a large cycle that it cannot be seen as just another data point. Third, the survey relies on the existing literature on business cycles, which is why I have entitled it an essay in economic historiography. The paper proceeds by discussing each of these problems in turn, then...
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...Mariah Johnson Extra Credit for Macroeconomics 1. Economics is About our economy and Human behavior. 2. Money flows in and Money flows out of our banks This cycle never ends. 3. The Great Depression Took jobs from Americans Devastating lives. 4. The Great Recession Took us by surprise quickly Money was stretched thin. 5. Supply and Demand It always comes together Moving up and down. 6. Demand goes up when People really want a Product for themselves. 7. The release of the New iPhone shoots demand up Everyone wants it. 8. When demand is high Supply has to increase if Companies want to make cash. 9. Economics is Figuring percentages and Studying money flows. 10. Now Keynes was the guy Who defied the Classical Supply and Demand. 11. Macro or Micro The study of large or small Both spectrums matter 12. I had no money Difficult were the times of The awful depression 13. Graphs can teach and show Data across different Years and time frames 14. The economy A changing cycle that is real exciting 15. Money makes the world Go around and around and The cycle keeps going 16. Jingle Jangle is Not in my pocket now thanks, Christmas ho ho ho 17. Black Friday is wild Money is flying away Be smart and don’t shop 18. Cyber Monday is Just as wild as black Friday Hold on to your change 19. Tis the season to Spend all of your own money Boost...
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