...of multinational corporations from Hong Kong Introduction Although the origins of Hong Kong-based MNCs can be traced(ditelusuri) to the British colonial period and Hong Kong’s position as an entrepôt(gudang) for trade in South East Asia and China, indigenous (adat) Chinese firms(perusahaan) based in Hong Kong emerged(munculnya) as MNCs in the early 1950s, thus reflecting(mencerminkan) a longer history by comparison to MNCs from Taiwan and South Korea whose emergence(muncul) can be traced(ditelusuri) to the early 1960s. Hong Kong has grown to become a significant home country(negara asal) of FDI(foreign direct investment) with an outward FDI stock of ,$154.9 billion in 1998, or some 3.8 per cent of the global stock of outward FDI. Indeed, it had become the world’s tenth-largest source of FDI in that year based on the size of outward FDI stock after the United States (with a share of 24.1 per cent of the global stock of outward FDI), United Kingdom (12.1 per cent), Germany (9.5 per cent), Japan (7.2 per cent), the Netherlands (6.4 per cent), France (5.9 per cent), Switzerland (4.3 per cent), Italy (4.1 per cent) and Canada (3.8 per cent). In fact, Hong Kong is almost as important as Canada whose outward FDI stock was $156.6 billion in that year. Thus, Hong Kong had become a significant source of FDI in the world economy, particularly more so in relation to the stock of outward FDI from developing countries where Hong Kong is the single largest home country with...
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...International Economics 3307AFE Group Assignment | Extend the table 1.3, examine the openness for various countries and analyse the relationship between the openness and the faster long-term growth in standard of living | (Makin, A.J., 2002, p.10) | | | | Sanjeev Henny s2760582 Yu-Ting, Lin s2672341 Yen-Ting, Lee s2768300 World count: 985 | With the increasing globalization of most economies, there is consequently more focus on understanding how international integrations influence macroeconomic performance. Economists use numerous indicators to measure the degree of an economy’s openness. One of the common indicators is the percentage of trade as a share of gross domestic product (GDP). It is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services measured as a share of GDP. (World Bank, 2013). This essay will firstly generally examine the degree of openness for various countries by using the percentage of trade as a share of GDP. It will then outline Singapore as the most open country, Brazil as the least open country and the most rapidly increased openness: Hong Kong. Finally, it will examine whether the degree of openness is correlated with faster long term growth in standard of living. In advanced economies, there are many kinds of methods to analyse an economy’s openness. There has been one commonly used indicator which is the percentage value of the sum of exports plus imports as a share of national product. (Makin, 2009...
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...VEBLEN Exchange Rate Policy at the Monetary Authority of Singapore Dr. Khor Hoe Ee, Assistant Managing Director, Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), reviewed the year-end economic data for 2001. He had just met with a number of his colleagues and now paged through the statistics they had discussed. Dr. Khor wondered whether the monetary system that has served Singapore so well since the late 1970s—and had filled the void left by the collapse of the Bretton Woods currency system—was still the best model for Singapore to follow. Singapore’s managed float, sometimes referred to by journalists as a “dirty float,” stood in contrast to the systems used by some of its neighbors: Hong Kong had remained strongly committed to its peg against the U.S. dollar, and Australia had just recently shifted to a completely floating regime. A key item on the agenda for the Monetary Policy Committee meeting at the end of January was to review and set monetary policy in response to the changing economic environment. As head of the MAS’s Economics Department, Dr. Khor knew that he was responsible for recommending a policy response that would be consistent with Singapore’s strategy for sustainable economic growth with price stability as well as supporting Singapore’s role as a major global financial center. A great deal had happened in the domain of monetary policy in the last five years, much of which posed challenges for Singapore. Since the massive currency depreciations of the Asian...
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...Hong Kong Budget Airline Industry Analysis By Jaeyeong Ahn 1155032046 Xie Jianting 1155001899 Shi Weiran 1155002072 Tan Jiayi 1009609441 Gao Jingya 1155001997 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Budget Airline Industry 2.1 Definition & Pricing Model 2.2 Common Practices to Lower Overall Costs 2.3 Development of Budget Airline in America, Europe and Asia 3. Hong Kong Market Analysis 3.1 Competitive Landscape 3.2 Major Budget Airlines in Hong Kong 3.3 Market Analysis 3.4 Target Customer Analysis 4. SWOT Analysis of Budget Airlines 4.1 Strengths 4.2 Weaknesses 4. 3 Opportunities 4.4 Threats 5. Analysis of Success Factors in Budget Airline Industry 5.1 AirAsia’s Success in Asia 5.2 Oasis’s Failure in Hong Kong 6. Conclusion 1. Introduction In September 2013, Hong Kong Express Airways announced its plan to transform itself into a budget airline. Meanwhile, Jetstar, an Australian budget airline, has applied for an operating license in Hong Kong under the belief that there are abundant opportunities for growth in the budget airline industry. However, Hong Kong-based airlines Cathay Pacific and Dragonair strongly insist that the market is saturated, and that new entrants into the market will harm the airline industry as a whole. The purpose of this report is to analyze the prospect of budget airline industry in Hong Kong and to determine if...
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...53684900 Zhang Rui, 95651546 Abstract The dollar- linked exchange rate system in HK was put into operation in 1983 and was always regarded as the footstone of stabilizing HK economy since then. However, 30 years later, great changes both inside and outside have taken place in Hong Kong. Now, a series of economic and social problems associated emerge with the Hong Kong's present exchange rate arrangement- linking HKD to USD. Is the dollar-linked exchange rate system still suitable for HK? Will the Hong Kong monetary authority have other better choices? In order to resolve the above questions, our report was divided into four main parts to analyze and discuss this issue. First, we discussed the reasons for choosing dollar- linked and also the disadvantages of linking HKD to USD that we assessed both in theory and fact. Then, we focused on the potential benefits of HKD linked with CNY before we analyzed the disadvantages. Later, we talked about a larger issue – dollarization and compared HK with Switzerland and Singapore before we came to our conclusions that HK should give up existed linking exchange rate system and adopt managed floating arrangement. Keywords: Linked exchange rate system, Hong Kong dollar, United State dollar, Chinese Yuan, Dollarization 1 Contents 1. 2. Background.............................................................................................................. 4 Reasons for choosing dollar-linked .........................................
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...Mr Tan Ngiap Joo, Deputy President of OCBC, is a member of the Strategic Management Team of a bank based in Singapore, the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC). Mr Tan Ngiap Joo is writing a memorandum to his task force, relating to the strengths and weaknesses of one of OCBC’s strategies at present and a report containing internal and environmental audits of OCBC. From these audits, he will develop a strategy to counter the strong competition OCBC is facing, both locally and regionally. The report will be discussed at an SMT meeting. Table of Contents Contents Page Memorandum……………………………………………….. 4 Appendix to Memorandum…………………………………. 9 Report……………………………………………………….. 12 References…………………………………………………... 22 Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited Memorandum To: Team members of task force From: Tan Ngiap Joo, Deputy President, member of Strategic Management Team Date: 13 June 2007 Subject: Objectives in the planning process Introduction You will assist in the planning process of OCBC as members of the new task force. In order to this well, I will outline the role objectives play in the planning process and how to set them. The Role of Objectives in the Planning Process Objectives tend to evaluate the behavior of OCBC’S employees. Its management uses these objectives to help focus on employees efforts. This is crucial because OCBC...
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...| Hong Kong and Shenzhen’s Coopetition in Logistics Industry | Assignment 2 – LGT5013 Transport Logistics in China | | | CHAN PUI YUK, SIMON 10670562GFUNG MEI SHAN, JO 10670090GLEUNG TING CHEUNG, VINCE 10609081GLO WING LING, WINNIE 10634888GYIP KIM HUNG, CURTIS 09608879GYUEN MAY YEE, ELSA 10670039G | Executive Summary Hong Kong Port, being the world busiest port for 12 years from 1992 to 2004, is globally well known and this container port industry became one of its vital economic pillars. Such a prosperous development began in 1970s with the boom of manufacturing business activities. The effect on the end of ‘close-door policy’ of China was reflected in early 1990s due to the launching and the rapid development of ports among Pearl River Delta. Hong Kong started to face severe challenges from the neighboring ports, its market share drops significantly since 1997; whereas that of Shenzhen grows rapidly. The goal of this paper is to analysis the current situations of Hong Kong Port and its relationship with neighboring ports in Shenzhen; and to derive possible strategies for Hong Kong to maintain and sustain its competitiveness under these circumstances. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Analysis 3 2.1 Hardware 3 2.2 Software 6 2.3. SWOT Analysis 10 2.4 Logistics Synergy (Co-opetition) of Hong Kong Plus Shenzhen 11 Chapter 3: Solutions 12 3.1 Framework Agreement 12 3.2 CEPA 12 3.3 PRD A5 Group 13 3.4 National 12th Five-Year...
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...and she want to launch a new product about the credit card. 2.0 Issue Citibank want to market the credit card to the Asia but have constraint to established it. Firstly is because little credit of experience and hardly any infrastructure. Citibank also wondered that it could adopt mass market positioning to acquire enough credit card customers and maintain its up-market positioning with the current upscale branch banking customers. Country managers also worry because it too early to launch the credit card and will damage the profit in future. Other than that, is weak local infrastructure, limited distribution capabilities and experience. 3.0 SWOT analysis strength | weakness | -Citibank already well-known in Asia Pacific-most Australia customer used credit card for shopping-Hong Kong is very good impressive with economics and industrialization that make the people use credit card without fell strangers-majority India country is very wealth | -Korea a not allow use credit card because not give permit too bank.-Malaysia is use law and only income $9000 or more could have a credit card.-Indonesia is poor country and the customer are not qualify to make credit card.-Taiwan also use law that only one for one credit card to customer. | opportunities | threats | -not need bricks-and-mortar-cross-sell our entire product | -law of the Asia country make Citibank difficult to launch credit card in the large scale-different country have different pattern of use credit card. | ...
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...exporters, policy makers, industrialists, export promotion agencies as well as researchers. However, views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank. While reasonable care has been taken to ensure authenticity of information and data, EXIM Bank accepts no responsibility for authenticity, accuracy or completeness of such items. © Export-Import Bank of India Published by Quest Publications February 2010 CONTENTS Page No. List of Tables List of Exhibits List of Boxes Executive Summary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Introduction Raw Material Base: Global scenario International Trade in Precious Metals, Gems and Jewellery Profile of Select Countries Status of Precious Metals, Gems and Jewellery Industry in India Market Analysis Challenges and Strategies World Gold Demand Production of Diamond in the World and in India World Exports and Imports (2007) of Select Precious Metals, Gems and Jewellery India’s Major Export Destinations and Import Source Countries of Precious Metals, Gems and Jewellery (2008-09) Members of Kimberley Process 5 7 9 11 30 32 41 47 61 84 93 108 109 110 113 116 Annexure Project Team: Mr. S. Prahalathan, General Manager, Research & Planning Group Ms. Renuka Vijay, Manager, Research & Planning Group 3 List of Tables Table No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Title Consumer Demand for Gold in the World Major Producers of Gold in the World Major Producers of Silver in...
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...SINGAPORE HOTEL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Prepared by: Nazia Husain Marketing 558: Marketing Across Cultures TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 HISTORY 4 GOVERNMENT 6 CULTURE 6 Religion 6 Language 7 Economy of Singapore 8 Trade 9 Employment 10 ASEAN 10 MACRO-ECONOMIC REVIEW OF SINGAPORE 11 Economic Factors 11 Macro-environment factors and hotel industry 12 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 14 Hotel Demand 15 Hotel Supply 16 COUNTRY CLUSTER ANALYSIS 17 Regional Analysis in the Hotel Industry 17 Singapore Industry Analysis 17 RevPAR 19 Singapore Hotel Association 20 Corporations Expanding Into the Region 22 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: 23 Working culture differences between the US and Singapore 23 Expansion into Singapore 24 APPENDIX 26 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this research paper is to provide insights into the Singapore Hotel Industry. Through an analysis of economic indicators and the hotel industry in the region, along with a look at how the cultural characteristics of Singapore help illustrate many reasons why hotels should look to expand in Singapore. One of the many reasons why the hotel industry is of such importance in Singapore is its continuous growth and expansion of the services industry in the region. Although there is a slow growth of visitors projected in 2012 due to an uncertain economy, it is to the countries best advantage to increase the number of hotels being planned to open in the next...
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...100% Camellia Japonica seed oil from Japan. The oil is extracted from the seeds of Tsubaki or camellia flower. Oshima Tsubaki Camellia Hair Care Oil is packed with oleic acid which is extremely good for the skin. As Camellia oil is closest to the human skin's natural emollient, it could be use also for the body and hair. Thus, Japanese men and women commonly use Camellia oil to moisturize their skin, face and hair. Just a few drops are required to nourish dry hair. Upon which one can style as per normal. 1. OBJECTIVES FOR NEW MARKET Constantly the number one brand for hair treatment in Japan, Oshima Tsubaki Camellia Hair Care Oil is proven to be well formulated to reach the needs of Asian men and women. To date, besides Japan, only Hong Kong has this...
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...Client Services Korn/Ferry International Women vs. Men’s Tertiary Education * The score above show the proportion of women to every 100 men. ** Source: MasterCard Worldwide Index of Women’s Advancement Asia’s Growth Model is Shifting… MARKET SHIFT ASIA 1.0 (1985 – 2005) THE IMPETUS FOR CHANGE — Reduced Western Consumer Spending — Emerging Consumerism in Asia — Shifting R&D investments — Asia’s drive to innovate — Asia’s need to move up the value chain — Unemployment in the west — Western companies Asianizing — Asian companies globalizing ASIA 2.0 (2006 – 2020) CONSUMER SHIFT MADE IN ASIA MADE FOR ASIA INNOVATION SHIFT THE WORLD’S FACTORY and BACK OFFICE THE WORLD’S LABORATORY and KNOWLEDGE OFFICE JOBS SHIFT CHEAP and PRODUCTIVE WORKFORCE CREATIVE and INNOVATIVE TALENT Asia Advancing - Innovation Tata Nano : the $3,000 car was conceived and developed in India LG LX9500 : the world’s first 3D LED TV Mac 400 : a hand-held cardiogram ($800) developed by GE in India Kaohsiung Stadium : World’s first solar powered stadium – in Taiwan The USB Credit Card : developed by Shinhan Card in Korea Eko Hybrid: World’s first hybrid 2-wheeler ($500) – in Bangalore F1 Night Race : World’s first night race in Singapore Harmony Express: World’s fastest train (394 kmph) in China Four Leadership Styles Leaders most likely to succeed in Asia 2.0 will be open and adaptable “Energizers” and collaborative “Integrators” Asia...
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...com/loi/ccom20 International education policy transfer – borrowing both ways: the Hong Kong and England experience Katherine Forestier & Michael Crossley To cite this article: Katherine Forestier & Michael Crossley (2015) International education policy transfer – borrowing both ways: the Hong Kong and England experience, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 45:5, 664-685, DOI: 10.1080/03057925.2014.928508 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2014.928508 Published online: 27 Jun 2014. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 364 View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 3 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ccom20 Download by: [The University of Manchester Library] Date: 01 December 2015, At: 11:00 Compare, 2015 Vol. 45, No. 5, 664–685, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2014.928508 International education policy transfer – borrowing both ways: the Hong Kong and England experience Downloaded by [The University of Manchester Library] at 11:00 01 December 2015 Katherine Forestier* and Michael Crossley Graduate School of Education, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK This paper analyses how the impact of international student achievement studies and the recent economic crisis in Europe are influencing the development of educational policy transfer and...
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... 4 2. PROPERTY BUBBLES IN HONG KONG ………………………………….…………….. 5 INFLATION AND INFLATION RATE IN HONG KONG ……………………………….. 10 3. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………18 4. REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………………………..19 5. APPENDICIES …………………………………………………………………………..... 20 Appendix 1 ………………………………………………………………………………… 20 Appendix 2 ………………………………………………………………………………… 21 Appendix 3 ………………………………………………………………………………… 22 Appendix 4 …………………………………………………………………………………23 Appendix 5 ………………………………………………………………………………… 24 Appendix 6 ………………………………………………………………………………… 25 INTRODUCTION Resources and scarcity are the basic elements and tenet of economics, so resources and scarcity are related to human wants and desires. Money and time are the most constantly for the resources and scarcity which are the allocation from the resources and impacting the economically efficiency. Hong Kong has been enjoyed as one of the four dragons in Asia for 30 years with the rapid growth of economy worldwide and globalization, but she also suffers from the worldwide downside of economy due to the poor fundamental and lack of long–run strategies that trigger the existing difficult situation. There have many issues and challenges threatening Hong Kong economy recently, we analysis and evaluate two important problems, (1) Property bubbles in Hong Kong (2) Inflation that impacting Hong Kong economy in the short and middle-term...
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...Business Project – HMV Chan Ho Yeung 13431908 Context 1. Introduction 2 2. Comparative Analysis of the company’s competitive position in its various markets 3 2.1 PEST 4 2.2 Porter 5 forces 5 2.3 Value Chain 7 3. Considerations for the company’s position in relation to cross-cultural issues 10 3.1 Hofstede Cultural dimensions 10 3.2 Iceberg model of culture 14 4. The company’s position in relation to corporate social responsibility 16 4.1 Carroll’s CSR Pyramid 16 5. Conclusion 21 6. References 24 1. Introduction People who were born in 1990s or before, they should have gone to CD shops to buy CDs and supported their favourite singers. So that, you must know HMV. HMV, everyone knows that it is a CDs retailer basically. HMV opened in Oxford Street London on 20th July 1921. HMV’s full name is “His Master’s Voice”. At that time, HMV was a part of EMI - Electric and Musical Industries. In 1998, HMV was divested from EMI. It needs to especially mention the logo of HMV. HMV’s logo is based on a dog that called Nipper, is listening to a gramophone. In 1921, when HMV had started, they were a company which sold gramophone and also used HMV’s name to produce TVs and radios. After that, HMV did not sell gramophone, they was transiting gradually to sell CDs. Until now, HMV has changed a lot. They are not only selling CDs, they also sell the other products including film, games and headphones. In 1988, HMV has opened their first overseas store in Canada...
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