...Education system of Pakistan Introduction It is mandated in the Constitution of Pakistan to provide free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 5-16 years and enhance adult literacy. With the 18th constitutional amendment the concurrent list which comprised of 47 subjects was abolished and these subjects, including education, were transferred to federating units as a move towards provincial autonomy. The year 2015 is important in the context that it marks the deadline for the participants of Dakar declaration (Education For All [EFA] commitment) including Pakistan. Education related statistics coupled with Pakistan’s progress regarding education targets set in Vision 2030 and Pakistan’s lagging behind in achieving EFA targets and its Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) for education call for an analysis of the education system of Pakistan and to look into the issues and problems it is facing so that workable solutions could be recommended. What is Education System? The system of education includes all institutions that are involved in delivering formal education (public and private, for-profit and nonprofit, onsite or virtual instruction) and their faculties, students, physical infrastructure, resources and rules. In a broader definition the system also includes the institutions that are directly involved in financing, managing, operating or regulating such institutions (like government ministries and regulatory bodies, central testing organizations, textbook...
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...Structure of the Education System | | Education in Bangladesh has three major stages-primary, secondary and higher education. Primary education is a 5-year cycle while secondary education is a 7- year one with three sub-stages: 3 years of junior secondary, 2 years of secondary and 2 years of higher secondary. The entry age for primary is 6 years. The junior, secondary and higher stages are designed for age groups 11-13, 14-15 and 16-17 years. Higher secondary is followed by graduate level education in general, technical, engineering, agriculture, business studies, and medical streams requiring 5-6 years to obtain a Masters degree. | In the general education stream, higher secondary is followed by college/university level education through the Pass/Honors Graduate Courses (4 years). The masters Degree is of one year's duration for holders of Bachelor Degree (Honors) and two years duration for holders of (Pass) Bachelor Degree. Higher education in the technical area also starts after higher secondary level. Engineering, agriculture, business, medical and information & communication technology are the major technical and technological education areas. In each of the courses of study, except for medical education, a 5- year course of study is required for the first degree. | | Different Steams in Education | | Primary level education is provided under two major institutional arrangements (stream)-general and madrasha, while secondary education has three major...
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...Compared to the education systems of other countries the United States education system leaves a lot to be desired. While South Korea, Japan, and Singapore uses a qualifications system and are continuously the world leading educational systems,the United States struggles to make the top 20 year after year. Despite being one of the strongest economies in the world and the 1.3 trillion dollar national educational budget the education system in the United States just cannot compete with a qualifications system. A qualifications system is a uniform education system with a series of key gateway exams to test the progress and preparedness of students. By creating a common curriculum set by the state everyone is held to the same standard and given...
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...Examine the different functions perform by the education system Different theories try to explain the function and role of education in society. Some look at the positive side of education and others the more negative side due to some pupils only being exploited in the education system. Despite all having different views that can be related to, they also all have their advantages and disadvantages meaning some arguments are stronger than others. One group of sociologists, the functionalists, believe that education has four main functions to help society. One role of education is to create social solidarity. It is Durkheim who believes that this is essential for the survival of societies. He believes that it helps to bring people together as it enables students to share similar beliefs, norms and values. Education helps to bind the members of a society together as there are essential similarities that help people to unite and all feel a sense of belonging. The way schools helps to allow its students to feel apart is by making all students wear a uniform enabling everyone to have something in common and to feel apart of a community. Lessons such as history, CPSHE and R.S help to weld the diverse mass of people into a nation as we realise we have much in common with each other. The second function is to allocate people to the role and job by testing students to discover talents and then develop the talent to enable them to find a job that will best suit them in the future....
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...India has one of the largest populations in the entire world, and with that comes the second largest education system in the word. It is estimated that around thirty percent of India's population is under the age of fifteen[1], thus more children in the education systems. The large education system in India has not always had the best of reputations, and still does not hold a very reputable name for itself. Though there has been strides for improvements in the system of education for India in the last decade, the fundamentals of the law on education is where the main issue lies. There have been many changes to the education system of India in the years since their independence, but there is not much to show for the changes that have been made to their system since the quality of education material, as well as the quality of educators has made little improvement. The education system in India saw many changes shortly after colonial times, and have continued to change since then but the changes have not made as large of an impact as they should have. Many people see the education in India as inadequate, which it may certainly be. Before the British East India Company took the steps to intervene into the educational system, education had little to do with government. The education of India has an interesting history. It is believed by many historians that in the ancient days, the material that was to be taught was done so by word of mouth and was to be taught by the sages and...
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...be the public education systems of Germany and the United States. The issue that countries around the world are beginning to face as nations continues to advance technologically, is having enough educated citizens to support these advancements and fill the already available jobs requiring degrees. In this day and age, College is becoming a permanent reminder financially to many Americans, leading to years of loans haunting the graduates. This economic setback forces many to enter the workforce out of high school, working entry level jobs and failing to quell the need for educated workers. In Germany, the free advanced education approach has crafted an education system many feel America should...
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...Compare and contrast the education system in China with the English education system After the appearance of culture, an important public service came into being, that is education. However, different countries have different forms of educations. According to the internet, it is found that there are many differences between them education system in China and English education system. The differences between these two education can be seen in terms of teaching style, subjects, and exams. The first difference is teaching style, which is the biggest difference caused by values and traditions. In China, students do not have group work. They only need to listen to the teacher and take notes. But English students have a lot of group work instead of only listening to the teacher and taking notes. Relative to China, the English teacher are friendlier and the class are more relaxed. In the United Kingdom, students express their opinions and focus on experimentation. However, in China, students mainly focus on the knowledge and the books, and try to remember everything that maybe contained in the exam. Thus, education in China and English education system differ in the aspects of teaching style. The second difference is subjects. In the United Kingdom, students can choose a few subjects in every term, and they do many practices. However, in China, students have tense load of subject and can have 6 – 10 subjects each term. English students focus on every subject, but...
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...SHORT COMINGS OF PRESENT EDUCATION SYSTEM AND HOW TO MAKE IT EMPLOYMENT ORIENTED Col HR Ruhil (Retd) Singhania University Introduction The aim of any education system is to provide inclusive quality education and learning opportunities for all which ensures that a learner is eventually transformed into a good human being imbibed with moral and ethical values and is equipped with adequate employment skills (self employment or job). In addition, the individual attains good communication skills imbibed with logical reasoning power and analytical powers so that his intellectual ability is not confined to his own field but can be used in any situation and in any field. Thus as useful member of society, this passout student is ready to contribute...
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...Global Education Systems Name: Institution: Global Education Systems Education system outlines how education is obtained from the trainers. The education systems differ from one country to another. This is mainly dictated by the region or other factors. From a general point education system is localized to the country according to its education policies (Terri, 2000). From a global perspective, education is compulsory for all children between the ages of three years and generally fifteen years. The education levels vary with the basic necessities of the country. For example, the education system in the USA is only compulsory between the age of 3 years and 14 years (Jan, 2009). Looking at the basic education system, it can be sub-divided into four basic sections each taking a different duration. The first part is the pre-school level. This level varies from country to country mostly running from two years to three years (Terri, 2000). This level is not compulsory in most countries but it is very essential since it creates the educational base for the child. In most countries, the teachers in this level are not employed by the government thus this poses a major challenge in the education sector. This also makes the level to be omitted when the education system states of the years spent in school. The classes undertaken in pre-school education are most on basic skills and memory training. The children are subjected to several speed test and storytelling sessions which helps...
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...Education System in India The Indian Education system is in great trouble. These are some of the faults I find in the current education system. * Several children do not even get a basic elementary education. * The rich and upper middle class in cities find decent quality private schools to send their children to. Even in these schools, getting a pass in the exams is the priority, not learning. Even these schools fail in teaching various arts, and in particular common sense to children. * Both the private and government schools in smaller towns and villages are uniformly pathetic. * Even if a student graduates from a higher secondary school, there are not enough colleges. The only hope left to most high school graduates is correspondence education. It is not clear to me whether one can be motivated enough to study through the correspondence course material sitting at home. * Even if one graduates from college, the graduates are mostly unemployable, because of poor quality course material and teaching in the colleges. I have myself seen a number of such people while interviewing them for various posts in my organization. * Despite all this, several thousand young men and women have been leading our nation forward. On just about all counts of economic indicators including the foreign exchange reserves, "India is Shining". Just imagine where we can be if only we resolved our education related problems? Here are some of my (not so complete) ideas: ...
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...Education is a co-current state level subjects and under the Indian Constitution education is made a Fundamental Right and Directive Principles of State Policy further needed free education and other facilities to children. There is no discrimination among the people on the basis of religion, caste or creed/faith etc. However, the minorities are given right to run their own educational institutions with financial aid from Government and they are free to introduce their religion, language in their institution. Education is compulsory and free upto primary standard. Indian education system has a wide structure and the educational institutions can introduce the education or learning pattern as below VA years in pre-nursery schools, in the primary schools upto V class or so. Education is further upgraded upto 10+2 system where the examinations are conducted by the Board at 10 and 12. Thereafter, students are free to choose the courses of their own at any stage, i.e. primary, secondary, senior secondary level. Schools are of different levels. Local Boards run the schools upto Primary, V standard, both in mother tongue and English medium. Thereafter the schools may upgrade themselves upto X known as Secondary schools. They can also be upgraded upto 12, called Senior Secondary schools. The education is a co-current (state level) subject and the Central Government cannot interfere in their functioning. As such schools are pre- primary, pre-nursery, then primary, secondary and senior...
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...RESEARCH PAPER ON EDUCATION SYSTEM OF BANGLADESH CONTENT INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES METHODOLOGY DESCRIPTION HISTORY COMPARISON OF FOUR DECADES RELATE WITH MDG’S CHALLENGES RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION Getting access to basic education has been a fundamental human right of every citizen of a country. This fundamental right has been denied to a large section of the population lying particularly below the poverty line in many developing countries of the world including Bangladesh. Acute poverty in their families may be singled out as the major cause behind such situation. Recognizing the critical importance of transforming them into effective human resources and thereby making them worthy citizens the Millennium Summit that held in Dakar back in 2000 declared ‘achieving universal primary education’ as one of its major agendas. As set out in the Millennium declaration this goal, known as MDG 2, has been the goal for providing access to primary education to all by the year 2015. However, Bangladesh, as a Signatory to the Dakar declaration expressed strong commitment towards achieving the goal of universal primary education which has sustainable positive implications for reduction in poverty by significantly large margin. In the words of Dr. A.M.R. Chowdhury, deputy executive director of BRAC, Bangladesh’s leading institution for non-formal education: “Education is the backbone...
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...“Only 52 percent of Native American students who graduated in 2004 attended college right after high school, and of these students, only 39 percent had completed a bachelor’s degree by 2010” (Klein). Statistics show that there is a wide gap in education between White Americans and Native Americans. The American government could be responsible for the reason that Native American students are falling behind their white counterparts. America destroyed the Native American’s education system by stripping them of their culture. The Native American education system has been altered and demolished throughout history due to the influences from the American government. To begin, Native Americans were forced to attended schools where they were stripped...
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...How does Dickens present the education system in hard Times? Words: | Submitted: Thu Mar 24 2005 ... Not even a sense of fancy and imagination. They were educated to get the basics of life because they were going to be pushed into the outside world at a very young age of 12 and above or even below. At the end of the day, the education was worthless because most of the children died in the workhouse. Dickens used Hard Times to criticise the society for failing so many of its children. Dickens argues against a mode of factory style, grad-grinding production that exterminates the fun out of life. He believes that education should not be a thing of going through volumes of head-breaking questions and being put through an immense variety of paces. Hard Times not only suggests that fancy is as important as fact, but it continually calls into question the difference between fact and fancy. Dickens suggests that what constitutes so-called fact is a matter... How does Dickens present his views on education in ‘hard times’? Words: | Submitted: Mon Jun 06 2005. He is shown as lifeless and colorless, 'the boy was so light-eyed and light-haired that the self-same rays appeared to draw out of him what little color he ever possessed.' This gives the effect that he has been drained of life and everything else but facts. When asked, Blitzer describes a Horse as a 'Quadruped' and 'graminivorous' and gives endless facts about the animal. Although this description is very...
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...What will the education system look like in 100 years? Education has changed drastically in the last hundred years, so it is easy to anticipate that education will continue to change and evolve at a rapid pace during the next hundred as more advances in technology will occur. In the next hundred years, there will be a larger emphasis placed on developing and enhancing students’ critical thinking and problems solving skills, just as this course provides for the MBA students. Developing courses that immerse the student in experiential learning outside the classroom is slowly being incorporated into the educational system in primary school all the way through higher education. In the next twenty-five to fifty years, this type of learning will become the norm rather than having students sit in a physical classroom all day listening to lectures. With the emphasis on immersing the student into situations that enhance learning, we will begin to see standardized testing fazed out of the system until it is no longer used to judge students on their mastery of specific subject matter or as a method for acceptance to higher education programs. In reading articles on standardized testing for higher education, this method is already on its last ‘leg’ so it will not be surprising when college admission applications no longer ask for these test scores. Due to this, students will be tested less on memorization of facts but rather how they use this information to solve problems and to focus...
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