Premium Essay

Electroplating Research Paper

Submitted By
Words 848
Pages 4
ELECTROPLATING

Introduction:
Electroplating is the process of coating a metal object with another metal, using electrical current passed through a chemical solution. This process produces a thin, metallic coating on the surface of the metal object. The main purposes of electroplating are to improve the appearance of the material and provide protection against corrosion. This is done by hanging pieces of metal to be replenished in the solution. These metals are called anodes and the positive electrical lead is attached to these metals. They dissolve in the solution as metal is taken away by plating. At this point we have metal being removed from the anode and deposited on the cathode. Cathodes are the parts being plated. The anode and …show more content…
There is competition between the copper ions and the hydrogen ions. As the hydrogen ion or hydrogen redox equilibrium appears higher in the electrochemical series than the copper ion or copper equilibrium, the copper ions are preferentially reduced and copper metal is deposited at the electrode. A brown layer deposited at the cathode is observed.

After the electrolytic cell is switched off, the copper cathode are taken out and weighed. There is significant change in the mass of the cathode before and after the reaction. The mass increased by 0.16g. This increase and the brown colour shows that there is copper metal deposited at the cathode.

At the anode
In this case, the electrode is made of copper and it is easier for the copper to dissolve leaving its electrons behind on the anode than for any other ion to be released

After the electrolytic cell is switched off, the copper anode is taken out and weighed. There is significant change in the mass of the anode before and after the reaction. The mass decreased by 0.21g. This shows that there is copper metal loss at the anode as it has been oxidized to form copper(II) ions. The ions released are now motile in the copper(II) sulphate solution.
In short, copper is deposited at the cathode and is dissolved at the

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

College of Business Administration Internship Report

...related work, pay attention to the books to school Knowledge of business management theory to practical work were used to deepen the theoretical knowledge of the actual awareness of the work, learned to use proven business management theory, and explore the nature of the work day to day management and law. brief internship, nervous, and novel, harvest a lot. Through the practice, so I have the daily management of deep-seated emotional and rational knowledge. Jiang Su Xingxin separation equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., founded in 1999 (formerly Xin Xing Taixing filter factory), the production of membrane-type filter press, plate and frame filter press, chamber filter press and filter press box machine of professional manufacturers, and research in chemical machinery, design and manufacturing. with all kinds of precision machining and cold working equipment, and filter solid-liquid separation equipment. production of "Xinxing" brand of rubber sheet, and enhance polypropylene plate series filter, filter area 8 ~ XX square meters, with manual...

Words: 1303 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Wasdsd

...Course code: 15MA101 | Engineering Mathematics | L | T | P | C | | | 3 | 1 | - | 4 | Course Objectives | To train the students in basic mathematics essential for modeling and solving engineering problems. | Course Outcomes | 1. An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering. 2. An ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems | Differential Calculus: Review: Functions and graphs, Limits and Continuity, Differentiation, Maxima and minima of a function, Rolle’s Theorem, Mean Value Theorem. Indeterminate forms and L'Hopital's rule, Infinite sequences and series, Power series, Taylor's and Maclaurin's series, Convergence of Taylor's series, Error Estimates, Polar coordinates and Polar equations. Functions of two or more real variables, Partial derivatives of second and higher order, Euler’s theorem on homogenous function, Total derivatives, Differentiation of composite and implicit functions, Change of variable, Jacobians, Maxima and minima of functions of two or more variable, Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers. Integral Calculus: Estimating with finite sums and limits of finite sums, Definite integral, The fundamental theorem of calculus, Trigonometric substitutions, Integration by reduction formula for powers of some trigonometric functions, Improper integrals, Beta and Gamma integrals. Double integrals, Triple...

Words: 6651 - Pages: 27

Free Essay

Term Paper Me3281

...ME3281 Microsystems Design and Applications TERM PAPER DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MEMS Energy Harvesters LIM HUI HUA ALVINA A0083044M 2014 Table of Contents 1. Introduction: 2 2. Brief History of Electricity Transduction 2 3. Types of Micro Energy Harvesters 3 3.1 Energy Harvesting from Vibration 3 3.1.1 Fabrication Techniques 5 3.1.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future 6 3.2 Energy Harvesting from Thermal Sources 6 3.2.1 Fabrication Techniques 8 3.2.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future. 9 3.3 Energy Harvesting from Electromagnetic Waves 10 3.3.1 Applications, Challenges and the Future 11 3.4 Energy Harvesting from Light Sources 11 3.4.1 Fabrication 12 3.4.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future 13 4. Conclusion 13 References: 14 1. Introduction: One of the goals of engineers and scientists in this already tech-savvy age is to be able to design a device that is capable of powering itself for its lifetime without having to replace or recharge its battery using a power chord. These allow remote devices to be placed in hostile or inaccessible environments without requiring any or little maintenance such as the changing of batteries. This is especially applicable for silicon-based electronics, such as biomedical implants that have low power consumption, where batteries will largely affect its size; operational cost of the device, or perhaps even release harmful chemicals into the body. In addition, wireless sensor...

Words: 4736 - Pages: 19

Premium Essay

Vinegar Battery

...Vinegar as a battery of Calculator Uba, Terrence L. Navarro, Loyd V. Ebabacol, Ruben S. Baa, Margaux Eve P. Ompoc, Shamira Jasmine C. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research 1 Alubijid National Comprehensive High School Special Science Class Alubijid, Misamis Oriental January 8, 2014 Mrs. Ma. Romila D. Uy Research Adviser Abstract Battery is a device used to store electrical energy. Battery can also be called a cell in which the reaction between two different substances can be made to occur in such a way that some of the chemical energy is converted into a useful electricity. Since its invention and inception, battery has become the most common power source for many household and industries. The vinegar battery is constructed out from simple components or materials. Adding an amount of vinegar to a strip of different metals like copper, from copper wires and zinc, from nails can form a simple battery. This battery has a low amperage output which can supply power on a low amperage/low voltage device like a calculator. It is easy to construct. The following steps should be followed in constructing the vinegar battery: 1. Prepare all the materials needed like: * Vinegar * Strip of Zinc from nails * Strip of copper from copper wire * Vinegar container (non-metallic) * Multi-tester 2. Place the vinegar inside the container. Make sure that it is deep enough to suspend the two different metals on it. 3. Cut a piece of copper...

Words: 2646 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Trade in Waste

...CONTENTS S.NO: | CHAPTER NAME | PAGE NO: | 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 | UNDERSTANDING TRADE WASTE WHAT IS TRADE WASTE?WHO HAS TRADE WASTE?WHAT IS THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPOSAL OF TRADE WASTE?IS IT PERMITTED TO DISCHARGE TRADE WASTES OR OTHER LIQUID INDUSTRIALWASTES TO THE STORM WATER DRAIN OR ONTO LAND? | 5 5 5 5 5 | 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 | TRADE WASTE APPROVAL PROCESSES:APPROVAL APPLICATIONPLANS FOR REVIEW LODGEMENT OF APPROVAL APPLICATION FORMSAND PLANS | 6 6 6 6 | 3 | FOOD PREPARATION BUSINESS | 7 | 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 | MOTOR TRADES GUIDELINESWASTES GENERATEDMINIMUM MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS PROHIBITED DISCHARGESUNROOFED AREAS - TRADE WASTE DIVERSION SYSTEMS WASTE MINIMISATION | 8 8 8 8 9 9 | 5. | GENERAL MANUFACTURING AND SERVICE INDUSTRIES | 10 | 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 | TRADE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIAINTRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL MANAGEMENT‘OFF SITE’ COMMUNITY LEVEL MANAGEMNET: COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF DOMESTIC GREYWATER | 11 11 12 17 | 7. 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 | TRADE IN WASTE: TYPES AND EFFECTINTRODUCTION TYPES OF WASTEWATERINORGANIC WASTEWATER ORGANIC WASTEWATER | 25 25 25 26 27 | 8. 8.1 8.2 | HOW CAN TRADE IN WASTE BE MINIMIZED INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND | 30 30 31 | | BIBLIOGRAPHY | ...

Words: 10721 - Pages: 43

Free Essay

The Impact of Occupational Health and Sftey

...Toxicology and Industrial Health http://tih.sagepub.com Mercury vapor inhalation and its effect on glutathione peroxidase in goldsmiths exposed occupationally K. Jayaprakash Toxicol Ind Health 2009; 25; 463 originally published online Jul 31, 2009; DOI: 10.1177/0748233709106769 The online version of this article can be found at: http://tih.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/25/7/463 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Toxicology and Industrial Health can be found at: Email Alerts: http://tih.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://tih.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav Citations http://tih.sagepub.com/cgi/content/refs/25/7/463 Downloaded from http://tih.sagepub.com at SAGE Publications on November 9, 2009 Mercury vapor inhalation and its effect on glutathione peroxidase in goldsmiths exposed occupationally K Jayaprakash Toxicology and Industrial Health 25(7) 463–465 ª The Author(s) 2009 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermission.nav DOI: 10.1177/0748233709106769 tih.sagepub.com Abstract In the gold ornaments manufacturing cottage industries, the gold metal grain dust waste particles are recovered from mercury (Hg) amalgam. The results on air samples from these industries during the recovery process have shown a high prevalence of Hg vapor (42.7 mg/m3). The blood concentration...

Words: 1916 - Pages: 8

Free Essay

Adsorption of Lead (Ii) Ion Clay Using Clacined Okada Clay

...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Removal of heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium and copper from aqueous solution is necessary because of the hazardous effect it does on the environment ,thereby making environmental protection important, however waste solutions containing heavy metal elements need treatment systems that can remove these contaminants effectively (Harvey and Chantawong, 2001). Frequent appearance of these metals in waste streams from many industries, including electroplating, metal finishing, metallurgical, tannery, chemical manufacturing, mining and battery manufacturing. This problem has received considerable attention in recent years, primarily due to the concern that those heavy metals in waste streams can be readily adsorbed by marine animals and directly enter the human food chain, thus presenting a high health risk to consumers (Lin et al., 2000). A number of technologies for treating contaminated effluents have been developed over the years. The most important of these techniques include chemical precipitation, filtration, ion- exchange, reverse osmosis and membrane systems. However, all these techniques have their inherent advantages and limitations in application. In the last few years, adsorption has been shown to be an alternative method for removing dissolved metal ions from liquid wastes (Bayat, 2002). The removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastes using different adsorbents is currently...

Words: 9309 - Pages: 38

Free Essay

Mr.Jimmy

...Jimmy and Kevin Contents 1) What is Haier Group 2) History of Haier Group 3) Product and Culture of Haier 4) Strategies of Haier 5) Questionnaire What is Haier Group Haier Group is a Chinese multinational consumer electronics and home appliances company headquartered in Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China. Its products include air conditioners, mobile phones, computers, microwave ovens, washing machines, refrigerators, and televisions. In 2011 the Haier brand had the world's largest market share in white goods, with 7.8 per cent. Haier group is the world's fourth largest home appliance manufacturers, a Chinese brand with most value. Haier have been to 30 countries to establish the localization design center, production base and trading company, the global total employees are more than 50’000 people, It has become a large-scale multinational enterprise group, Haier group in 2007 has achieved turnover RMB 118 billion. In August 2005, Haier was awarded by Britain's financial times "China top ten world-class brand". In 2006, in the Asian Wall Street journal organization selection "Asia top 200 enterprises", Haier group for the fourth year in a row on the "mainland China enterprise comprehensive leadership" charts. Haier has become a world-class brand ranks, its influence is with global market expansion and rapid rise. History of Haier Group The origins of Haier date are back long before the actual founding of the company...

Words: 2086 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Jaquar in Bangladesh

...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The next step after learning a theoretical concept is its implementation in practical grounds. So, to implement the theoretical concept of licensing we have chosen to market Jaquar bath accessories, a world famous Indian brand in the Bangladesh market. In the process of writing this project we have tried to implement all the aspects of licensing with the light of our limited knowledge. In the recent past most of the people in Bangladesh were not very cautious about the looks and design of the bathrooms; but now a days there is a new trend in our country to build own home or to renovate flat with high quality fittings. So there is grate demand of house fittings in our country. Also now a days people are very much concern about there own bath room and want to decorate there bathroom with high quality fittings with exceptional design with affordable price. So this is a new business trends in our country to import high quality bathroom fittings. But this is much more expensive and also there is no renowned importer of this product. As a result there is no price boundary of that kind of product. So customers are loosing there interest of these kind of bath accessories because of high price or monopoly business. Also many customers want to afford this kind of product but there is no supplier of high quality product. So we are going to bring world famous branded bathroom fittings in our country to meet the demand of the sophisticated customer with low price...

Words: 7003 - Pages: 29

Free Essay

Business

...Top of Form Introduction The utilization of resources and generation of waste is for beyond the limit that the biosphere was made to carry. Infact, man today is caught in the vicious circle of increasing wants, declining resources and increasing waste being generated by the industries and municipalities is posing a problem of enormous dimensions. The domestic and industrial effluents are contributing in enhancing this problem. It might become the biggest problem if it is not dealt with immediately . Industrial Waste The term industrial waste is generally understood to refer specifically to the liquid waste produced as a result of some industrial operation, as distinct from an industry’s solid refuse or its gases, fumes and vapors. Like municipal sanitary sewage, most of such liquids must ultimately be disposed of into rivers or other water courses. The liquid wastes of a community, whether domestic sewage or industrial wastes, should receive appropriate treatment before discharge into streams in order to prevent gross pollution. The treatment methods for domestic sewage are based on a fundamental and growing body of knowledge. These methods, however, are not suitable for industrial wastes, which are quite varied in character. Frequently anew industrial process development will produce a waste that is not amenable to treatment by any of the conventional methods. For such wastes, laboratory investigations followed by pilot-plant studies must precede final design of treatment...

Words: 10123 - Pages: 41

Free Essay

Atomic Layer Deposition

... Atomic Layer Deposition Chemistry: Recent Developments and Future Challenges** Markku Leskelä* and Mikko Ritala Keywords: atomic layer deposition · microelectronics · nitrides · oxides · thin films ew materials, namely high-k (high-permittivity) dielectrics to replace SiO2, Cu to replace Al, and barrier materials for Cu, are revolutionizing modern integrated circuits. These materials must be deposited as very thin films on structured surfaces. The self-limiting growth mechanism characteristic to atomic layer deposition (ALD) facilitates the control of film thickness at the atomic level and allows deposition on large and complex surfaces. These features make ALD a very promising technique for future integrated circuits. Recent ALD research has mainly focused on materials required in microelectronics. Chemistry, in particular the selection of suitable precursor combinations, is the key issue in ALD; many interesting results have been obtained by smart chemistry. ALD is also likely to find applications in other areas, such as magnetic recording heads, optics, demanding protective coatings, and micro-electromechanical systems, provided that cost-effective processes can be found for the materials required. N 1. Introduction Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has recently received much interest as a potential deposition method for advanced thin-film structures. However, ALD had already been developed and introduced worldwide with the name Atomic Layer Epitaxy (ALE) in the late...

Words: 5714 - Pages: 23

Premium Essay

Corporate Sustainability

...CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY & HENKEL’S APPROACH There is a growing trend for big companies to use sustainable concepts as core business drivers For decades, many companies have typically responded to sustainability challenges by pursuing incremental operational improvements. But we are beginning to see an interesting new trend – businesses using sustainability as a tactic for long-term offense, rather than just short-term defence. Despite the uncertain economic outlook, leading international companies across diverse sectors are investing heavily in sustainable products and services. Others are making cross-industry partnerships to develop next generation products such as the elusive mass market electric car. Some are even enhancing their business models through mergers and acquisitions that seek to address, and capitalise on, sustainability trends. Drivers of Sustainability   A number of factors are driving the adoption of corporate sustainability programmes in the global business community:  * Regulatory Mandates: Growing regulatory pressures compel companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, industrial effluents, and other environmental hazards.   * Operational Cost Efficiencies: Rising raw materials and energy prices incentivize businesses to invest in waste recycling, waste-to-energy, water conservation and related technologies.   * Reputational Risks: Increasing scrutiny of corporate conduct induces managers to engage environmental,...

Words: 5144 - Pages: 21

Premium Essay

Corporate Sustainability

...CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY & HENKEL’S APPROACH There is a growing trend for big companies to use sustainable concepts as core business drivers For decades, many companies have typically responded to sustainability challenges by pursuing incremental operational improvements. But we are beginning to see an interesting new trend – businesses using sustainability as a tactic for long-term offense, rather than just short-term defence. Despite the uncertain economic outlook, leading international companies across diverse sectors are investing heavily in sustainable products and services. Others are making cross-industry partnerships to develop next generation products such as the elusive mass market electric car. Some are even enhancing their business models through mergers and acquisitions that seek to address, and capitalise on, sustainability trends. Drivers of Sustainability   A number of factors are driving the adoption of corporate sustainability programmes in the global business community:  * Regulatory Mandates: Growing regulatory pressures compel companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, industrial effluents, and other environmental hazards.   * Operational Cost Efficiencies: Rising raw materials and energy prices incentivize businesses to invest in waste recycling, waste-to-energy, water conservation and related technologies.   * Reputational Risks: Increasing scrutiny of corporate conduct induces managers to engage environmental,...

Words: 5144 - Pages: 21

Premium Essay

Financial Literacy as a Tool of Financial Inclusion with Special Reference to Low Income Level Worker

...without the guidance of Mr. Vikram Jain and their timely help and encouragement helped me to complete this project successfully. I am thankful to Vikram Jain for their suitable guidance at every stage of my training. I thanks to Mrs. Rimpy, Sangeeta jangra. And miss. Pushpa Mehta for giving me opportunity to work at Accounts, Records, purchases and sales items maintained of Appu International as a finance trainee. 2 (INDEX):Chapters Name Page No. 1. Executive Summary 7 2. Industry Introduction 8-9 3. Organization Introduction 10-19 4. Literature Review 20-23 5. Introduction To Financial Literacy As A Tool Of 24-33 Sr. No. Financial Inclusion 6. Hypothesis 33-34 7. Research Methodology 35-39 8. Result And Discussion 40-73 9. Finding 74-77 10. Suggestion 78-79 11. Limitation 80 12. Future Scope 80 13. Conclusion 80 3 LIST OF THE TABLE: Table Page.no. Particular no. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 1. Shows the major customer during 2014-15 of Appu group 17 2. Shows the mean of score and F value of the financial literacy level 40 3. Shows the decision maker in the family 43 4. Shows the education level of the decision maker in the family 45 5....

Words: 19700 - Pages: 79

Premium Essay

Maritime

...| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | An Overview of Land Based Sources of Marine Pollution   | This page is one of a series of web pages developed by the CAR/RCU on various Environmental Issues in the Caribbean. These pages are a good starting point for research into many of the pressing concerns of the nations and territories of the Wider Caribbean Region. They contain definitions, descriptions, discussions, links to relevant on-line documents and web sites. Read about other Issues. | | * Introduction * Land based pollution sources and their environmental impacts * Sewage * Oil hydrocarbons * Sediments * Nutrients * Pesticides * Solid waste and marine debris * Toxic substances * Planning and management of environmental pollution * CEP and land based sources of pollution * Pollution related CEP reports * Links to pollution related websites | INTRODUCTION | The major sources of coastal and marine pollution originating from the land vary from country to country. The nature and intensity of development activities, the size of the human population, the state and type of industry and agriculture are but a few of the factors contributing to each country’s unique pollution problems. Pollution is discharged either directly into to the sea, or enters the coastal waters through rivers and by atmospheric deposition. In order to mitigate and control the impact of pollution on coastal and marine resources, it is essential...

Words: 5546 - Pages: 23