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Emergency Procedures

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EMT Review

1. The therapeutic effect is the effect that the medicine was used to achieve. The side effect is an adverse effect that the medicine wasn’t taken for. 2. IV injection (fastest), IO injection, inhalation, sublingual, per rectum, IM injection, SC injection, Transcutaneous injection, PO. 3. Make sure what you’re giving them the medicine is okay with your standing orders or that you have a direct order from medical control. 4. The level of carbon dioxide bathing the brainstem stimulates a person to breathe. 5. During emphysema and chronic bronchitis, the alveoli are obstructed making diffusion extremely hard. 6. Spontaneous pneumothorax: dyspnea, a sharp stabbing pain in the side with the pneumothorax, anxiety, hypotension, absent or severely decreased breath sounds on one side, presence of jugular vein distention, and cyanosis. Pulmonary embolism: dyspnea, acute chest pain, coughing up blood (hemoptysis), cyanosis, tachypnea, hypoxia. 7. Automaticity allows the cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source. It means your heart pumps without something making it. 8. To determine cardiac output in the field, we must rely on heart rate and the strength of the pulse to estimate it. 9. Ischemia is decreased blood flow. Atherosclerosis is where there is a buildup of cholesterol and calcium, they form plaque inside the walls of blood vessels. They decrease the flow of blood. 10. Angina is when the heart tissues aren’t getting enough oxygen. This gives the patient chest pain, but doesn’t mean they are having a heart attack. Unstable angina is when they get this chest pain with little or no exercise. They have unstable angina when it takes less stimuli than normal to produce the angina. 11. Hypertensive emergency is defined by having a systolic greater than or at 160 or a rapid

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