...in developing markets (HSBC.com, 2016). The profitability of developing countries has surpassed profits for developed markets such as USA and Europe. An illustration of the same can be seen by the asset and profit ratio in developed markets and developing markets which show positive numbers in terms of profit (Morris and Liu, 2015). Another benefit to operating in the emerging markets is the opportunity to tap into the wealth management industry. The banks origin in Hong Kong coupled with the presence of an already established wealth market in the region makes an opportunity for the bank to acquire more clients. HSBC’s has also taken advantage of its diverse cultural image and reduced cost of wages to outperform its operations in developed markets (HSBC.ca, 2011). The cost of running its operations in developing countries such as Brazil, Singapore, India and Thailand is much lower than in Europe. The reason for cheaper operations cost is as a result of reduced remuneration cost in areas of developing countries in comparison to the already developed countries. The risks associated with the bank include the inconsistent application of policies and regulations in the new markets (Henning, 2016). The problem of acquiring licenses in the developing markets poses a challenge to the bank (Wildau, 2016). The bank has also faced the problem of competing with already known banks such as national banks. Target Market Target market refers to the ability of a business to market its efforts...
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...Governance in Banking System:An Empirical Investigation Authors: Abhiman Das and Saibal Ghosh About the authors:Mr Abhiman Das has worked as a assistant adviser in department of statistics and information management of Reserve bank of India. He has released several research paper in the field of economics also.Mr Saibal Ghosh has also worked as a higher level official in Reserve Bank of India and has released several research papers. Abhiman Das Research Context Virtually every major industrialized economy and major international organization has made efforts in recent years to refine their views on how large industrial corporations should be organized and governed. Academics in both law and economics have also intensely focused on corporate governance [La Porta et al1998]. Despite the growing literature in the field very little attention has been focused on the issue of the corporate governance, especially in banking organizations [Shleifer and Vishny 1997]. This is particularly strange in light of the fact that a significant amount of attention has been paid to the role that banks themselves play in the governance of other sorts of firms [Macey and O’Hara 2003]. The corporate governance of banks in developing economies is important for several reasons. First, banks have an over-whelming dominant position in developing economy financial systems, and are extremely important engines of economic growth [King and Levine 1993; Levine 1997]. Second, as financial markets are usually...
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...STRATEGIES FOR EMERGING MARKETS The class discussion started with the problems faced by the developing countries in the emerging markets and then the strategies to manage guarded globalization were discussed. In this present economic scenario, it is not easy for the companies of developing markets to get an easy hold in emerging markets. They have to face several hurdles and the major is the government and policymakers regulations. Pfizer’s patent problem in India and lowering of drug prices by the Chinese government to make more drugs local signify this. Increased population, rising salaries, modern transportation and communication technologies drove many developing countries towards emerging markets. But after global recession, emerging markets have resented towards guarded globalization. Governments are becoming wary of opening more industries to multinational companies and are concentrating more on protecting local interests. They chose the countries with which they want to do the business, pick the sectors in which they will allow the capital investment and promote state owned companies which they want to. They are being selective. A country’s political scenario has become crucial in deciding with which country they want to trade as financial services, telecommunication, information technology, food sectors have been politicized. At the same time, welcoming foreign investment in few sectors triggers nation-wide protests. In India, allowing FDI in retail was a big issue...
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...Table of Contents Introduction …………………………………………………………………….....1 Analysis of the Financial Crisis and Emerging Markets………………………….1 Conclusions………………………………………………………………………..8 List of Tables and Figures…………………………………………………….......9 References……………………………………………………………………......10 Introduction In the last years we all heard about financial crisis, economic crisis or even strong words like recession or depression. The goal of this paper is to define these terms and to analyze the effects that they produce in the economy. Another objective is to understand the emerging markets and compare then with developed economies. The effects of the crisis are different from country to country but also have some similarities at a global level. I. Analysis of the Financial Crisis and Emerging Markets The term financial crisis is used when financial institutions or assets suddenly lose a large part of their value. This can result in a loss of paper wealth and not as a change in the real economy, unless a recession or depression follows which is the case here. So we can say that the recession is the result of the financial crisis that started in U.S in 2008 from the burst of housing bubble and the subprime lending. There are more types of financial crises: banking crises (bank runs – when depositors withdraw their money suddenly. This type of behavior can result in bankruptcy), speculative bubbles and crashes (when...
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...experts Emerging Consumer Survey 2015 EMERGING CONSUMER SURVEY 2015_2 Contents 03 Editorial 04 The emerging consumer in 2015 12 A sum of different parts 20 e-Commerce and the emerging consumer 30 Focus on travel 36 Focus on autos 40 Focus on healthcare 46 Brands and the emerging consumer in 2015 62 Brazil: Steady decline continues 64 China: A life online 66 India: New government, strong consumer 68 Indonesia: An under-penetrated market 70 Mexico: Structural potential, cyclical hurdles 72 Russia: Dark clouds gather 74 Saudi Arabia: The petro-dollar 76 South Africa: Reduced optimism 81 About the survey 83 Imprint / Disclaimer For more information, please contact: Richard Kersley, Head of Global Securities Products and Themes, Credit Suisse Investment Banking, richard.kersley@credit-suisse.com Michael O’Sullivan, Chief Investment Officer UK & EMEA, Credit Suisse Private Banking & Wealth Management, michael.o’sullivan@credit-suisse.com COVERPHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/XAVIERARNAU, PHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/ALIJA 78 Turkey: Subdued but stable EMERGING CONSUMER SURVEY 2015_3 Editorial We are delighted to publish the fifth edition of the Credit Suisse Research Institute’s “Emerging Consumer Survey.” To undertake the project, we have again partnered with global market research firm Nielsen, which has conducted on our behalf nearly 16,000 face-to-face interviews with consumers across nine key emerging economies –...
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...India and the Global Economy 14 CHAPTER The big story of the last decade for India has been its arrival on the global scene. The Indian economy had broken free of the low-growth trap from the early 1980s. By the mid-1990s, following the economic reforms of 1991-3, India began to appear as a player of some significance in the global economy. Then, following the East Asian crisis of the late 1990s, and from the first years of the first decade of the 21st century there was no looking back. India’s exports began to climb, its foreign exchange reserves, which for decades had hovered around 5 billion dollars, rose exponentially after the economic reforms and in little more than a decade had risen to 300 billion dollars. Indian corporations that rarely ventured out of India were suddenly investing all over the world and even in some industrialized countries. When, in 2009, the Group of 20 (G-20) was raised to the level of a forum for leaders, India was a significant member of this global policy group. 14.2 The globalization of India has given rise to new opportunities but it has also brought with it new challenges and responsibilities. It means that the global economy can no longer be viewed from a spectator’s standpoint. What happens there has large implications for India. Every time there is a major financial crisis anywhere in the world, there is need to take brace position. And, in turn, the rise and fall of India’s growth rate has an impact on global growth and there...
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...Oracle, SAP, Sage CRM, Microsoft Dynamics, SugarCRM, Salesforce G. Shainesh. IIM Bangalore 3 Enablers for the Growth of CRM • Emergence of service economy, • Emergence of market economy, • Global orientation of businesses, and • Aging population of the economically advanced economies G. Shainesh. IIM Bangalore 4 Enablers for the Growth of CRM ---1 • Emergence of service economy – 60-80% of GDP of developed nations – ~56% in India – greater customer orientation in services due to simultaneity / inseparability – Services early adopters of CRM • hotels, airlines, banking, financial services, telecom and retailing. G. Shainesh. IIM Bangalore 5 Enablers for the Growth of CRM----2 • Emergence of market economy – Deregulation of industries across the world in the 90s • banking, telecommunications, broadcasting and airlines – Market oriented economy necessitated customer focus and boosted the importance of CRM. G. Shainesh. IIM Bangalore 6 Enablers for the Growth of CRM ---3 • Global orientation of businesses – National markets to a borderless world / regional world – Emergence of trading blocks – WTO helped create a global orientation for firms – Firms need stronger customer orientation to tap opportunities in new markets while defending their home markets. G. Shainesh. IIM...
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...global emerging markets studied by Goldman Sachs Investment Research. In this paper I will revise the initial portfolio strategy from 1999 that touched on long-term perspective on short term risk. The emerging countries are within Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, and Middle East. The information the company provided was strictly based on a predicted study of future outcomes based on emerging markets. The paper of itself does not issue a company strategy on how to use the information found. In this paper I will use scenarios the company presents and determine how Goldman Sachs should invest 5 million dollars recently received to maximize its wealth. In the overview Goldman Sachs mentioned: That they developed a model of discount rate determination that permits the company to recreate discount rate history and calculate discount rates for 23 emerging markets over the last 25 years. The comparison of current discount rates versus their long-term trend has powerful investment implications and turns the investment decision on its head. Abnormally high discount rates relative to history (normally interpreted as punishing cash flows) may be a buy signal, while abnormally low rates may be a sell signal. Current emerging market discount rates are approximately in line with their five-year moving average. From purely a risk perspective, Asian markets appear undervalued, while Latin America and EMEA seem to be slightly overvalued (Mariscal and Hargis, p. 1). Emerging markets...
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...Analysis of the emerging market in China Introduction Nowadays, with the financial crisis sweeping the globe, the emerging market is to be concerned by more and more countries. China as one of BRICs country has an impact on economic, trade and political in the world. This paper will talk about the emerging market--China from some economic factors, social factors and political factors, also analysis why China play an important role in the world. And what is the relationship between China and the international environment? Global overview and introduction to China When China awakes, it will shake the world. -- Napoleon Bonaparte The people's republic of China (PRC) which located in east Asia continent, and on the western shore of Pacific Ocean, which is the third largest country with 9,596,960 square kilometres. With the vast land, the land boundary of some 22.800 kilometers also have many neighbor such as Russia, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Tajikistan, Mongolia. At the same time, the mainland coastline measures about 18,000 kilometers with a flat topography, and there are many excellent docks and harbours, most of them are ice-free all year round (Jinyan, 2005). Most place of China all belong to the north temperature zone. Clear for seasons which suit for people to habitat. In addition as a big country with a vast territory, the nature...
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...Discussion Paper No. 2009/01 The Financial Crisis of 2008 and the Developing Countries Wim Naudé* January 2009 Abstract Following the financial crisis that broke in the US and other Western economies in late 2008, there is now serious concern about its impact on the developing countries. The world media almost daily reports scenarios of gloom and doom, with many predicting a deep global recession. This paper critically discusses this and concludes that as far as the developing countries are concerned, a bit more optimism may be warranted. Although without doubt there are particular countries that will be adversely affected, there will also be countries that may be less affected, may avoid recession, and may recover sooner than expected. Six major reasons for this conclusion are discussed. Without this resilience in the developing world, prospects for the world’s richer countries would be much bleaker. Finally, some options available to the developing countries for minimizing the impact of the crisis are discussed. The crisis accentuates the urgent need for accelerating financial development in developing countries, both through domestic financial deepening, domestic resource mobilization, and reform of the international financial system. Keywords: financial crisis, developing countries, development finance, financial development JEL classification: F34, F35, G14, O16 Copyright © UNU-WIDER 2009 * UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, Finland, email: wim@wider.unu.edu This study has been prepared...
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...Kapil Mitra Anurag Aggarwal Sanjay Saxena Jayant Mohanty Umesh Sharma Banking – Industry structure - Pre restructuring It was multi divisional structure – M form Decentralised on the basis of geographies. Decentralised unit performance varied on the geographical market conditions and the ability of the geographical team . Corporate office governance had limited visibility to control, evaluate and forecast the business growth . Since the operations were locally marketed & controlled with locally available skill set ,it was easy for the competitors to copy or even excel . Necessity is the mother of invention or change . With Citi Bank into crises due to losses and uncertainties in the real estate lending it was going through a tough time and immediate corrective action was required. This required Better control and accurate forecasts to take correct decisions wrt to commercial implications of the decisions. Thus needed centralized structure allowing multi-geographical spread and further globalization. This also meant that experts were required to standardize the processes. Change of approach- Customer Focused Earlier Market segmentation was based on geographies. New approach was more Neiche segment with customers either global or have potential to go global . Customer list was prepared for focused 1400 customers . Broadly GRM and emerging Markets were created as 2 main divisions. Customers were divided into industries...
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...review of some of the consequences, policy actions and recent trends1 By Sameer Khatiwada and Emily McGirr, International Institute for Labour Studies2 What is happening? On the heels of the near bankruptcy of a major insurance company and the effective end of all major US investment banks, financial markets around the world sustained severe losses in the first two weeks of October, 2008, accelerating the downward trend that started at the beginning of the year. As a consequence, from New York to Moscow, and London to Sao Paulo, equity prices have fallen sharply – with the major stock indices of the G7 and BRICs losing nearly half of their value since the beginning of the year. This has seriously damaged banks’ balance sheets and restricted their lending capacity. With the cost of short-term credit rising dramatically and liquidity drying up, these events have been dubbed the worst financial meltdown since the Great Depression in 1930s. More importantly, the shock waves from the US financial market have spread throughout the globe, with many countries on the brink of recession (see Figure 1, Appendix). How did a “house fire” in America turn into a global banking crisis? Sub-prime mortgages are a financial innovation designed to provide home ownership opportunities to borrowers in the U.S. with a higher risk profile (such as borrowers with low incomes, bad credit histories or limited disposable income). Most of the sub-prime mortgages were given out on a...
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...financial institution which they intended to rival the western-dominated banks ( Like IMF and World Bank) by 2014.A new phenomenon has been injected in the tottering physique of the world financial order. It is the Fortaleza declaration of development banking and trade prospects by setting up Brics Bank. Leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa inked a deal, on 15 July in Fortaleza, Brazil, to launch a development bank with an initial $50 billion paid-up capital and a $100 billion monetary reserve. It is seen as a fruition of a multilateral financial diplomacy with the help of the multilateral mechanism and platform, without being cramped by Western pressure and dollar power. 2. In terms of economic function, this bank will provide long-term development aid to developing countries like Bangladesh. The monetary reserve will provide an economic stability fund to help BRICS countries respond to financial emergencies. BRICS Development Bank will help us to borrow cash for development projects, and to better cope with the risks created by international monetary system. 3. This paper will AIM 4. The aim of this paper is to.... BRICS AT A GLANCE 5. BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The grouping was originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they are distinguished...
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... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2010, as the recession begins to lift in earnest, telecom operators in the Middle East will face a very different world. New business models, new strategies, new technologies, stronger competitors, more demanding customers—all will pose real challenges. The winners will be those with the vision and agility to respond quickly and flexibly to rapidly changing market conditions, developing the capabilities needed to respond to four strategic imperatives: 1. The Middle East and surrounding emerging markets are continuing to grow, and the region’s operators must reestablish the momentum they had before the recession if they are to capture their fair share of that growth. In developed markets, they must develop new value-added services that can differentiate them from competitors. In emerging markets, they must continue to gain share as quickly as possible. 2. As large sections of the telecom value chain become commoditized, operators must work to derive value through innovation. Simply copying competitors’ services and pricing plans will not work. Instead, operators must look outside their markets—and even their industries—for ideas, and create the means and the culture to promote internal innovation. 3. Demand for high-speed broadband is increasing all over the world, and the Middle East is no exception. Customers are looking both to improve their Internet experience and to make effective use of a wide...
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...importance of these markets was prescient. For example, even after their advances over the past decade, China, India, and Russia are predicted to triple spending power by 2018, and Brazil is not far behind, according to a recent report by Business Monitor International.1 While South Africa, by most accounts, has become a fifth member of the BRICS (signified by the capital “S”), these countries no longer sufficiently represent the rise of emerging markets. Global gross domestic product (GDP), factoring in purchasing power parity, now has reached about a 50/50 split between the developed economies and emerging economies. In fact, for the first time since the dawn of the Industrial Age, the global economic engine is being powered by Southern Hemisphere nations.2 Moreover, in the aftermath of the financial crisis and subsequent Great Recession, the emerging markets as a whole—not the world’s debt-ridden developed markets—have been the most resilient in the face of global distress. As Chief Economist and Leader of PwC’s Emerging Markets practice Harry Broadman puts it, “Going through the financial crisis, the most resilient economies—measured by GDP or trade volumes—have been the emerging markets.” Broadman made this comment at PwC’s annual Global Retail and Consumer Leadership Conference held recently in New York. He moderated the session “A BRIC and Beyond,” which examined the notion that, while the BRICS still serve as a proxy of sorts for any emerging markets discussion, there is...
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