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Emilio Aguinaldo

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Talambuhay ni Andres Bonifacio
Si Andres Bonifacio ay ipinanganak noong ika-30 ng Nobyembre, 1863. Ang kanyang mga magulang ay sina Santiago Bonifacio at Catalina de Castro. Nakatapos siya sa mababang paaralan ni Guillermo Osmenia ng Cebu at sa gulang na 14, ang kanyang mga magulang ay namatay at napilitan siyang huminto sa pag-aaral upang alagaan ang mga nakababata niyang kapatid na babae and lalaki. Bilang hanap-buhay, inatasan niya ang kanyang mga kapatid na tulungan siya sa paggawa ng kahoy na baston at papel na pamaypay na kanyang itininda sa lansangan.

Dahil siya ay marunong magbasa at sumulat, siya ay naging isang kawani ng Kumpaniyang "Fleeming and Company", isang kumpaniya na nagtitinda ng rattan at iba pang mga paninda. Dahil siya ay masipag, siya ay ginawang ahente. Subalit ang kanyang kinikita ay hindi pa rin sapat na pang-suporta sa kanyang mga naulilang kapatid. Lumipat siya sa kumpaniyang "Fressell and Company" bilang ahente. Ipinakita niya ang bukod tanging determinasiyon at sipag kaya naging matatag siya sa kanyang trabaho

Dinagdagan niya ang kanyang kakulangan sa pag-aaral sa pamagitan ng pagbabasa at sariling pag-aaral. Kasama sa sa mga kakaunting aklat na kanyang binasa ay ang mga nobela ni Rizal na Noli Me Tangere at El Filibusterismo, Ang mga buhay ng Pangulo, Ang "Les Miserables" ni Victor Hugo (na isinalin niya sa Tagalog), Ang pagkasira ng Palmyra at Himagsikang Pranses. Nakapagsulat din siya ng mga artikulo at mga tula, isa na dito ang pinakasikat na 'Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa'.

Ang mga nabasa niyang aklat ang nagsiklab sa kanyang kaluluwa ng paggawa ng Himagsikan at pagtatag ng Katipunan o KKK (Kataastaasang Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan). Itinatag niya ang Katipunan noong ika-7 ng Hulyo, 1892 kasama sina Ladislao Diwa, Teodoro Plata at Deodato Arellano. Ang kanyang pangalan ay Maypagasa. Ang kanyang asawa na si Gregoria de Jesus ang siayng lakambini ng Katipunan. Ang samahang ito ay mabilis na kumalat sa maraming bahagi ng Pilipinas. Naramdaman ni Bonifacio na kaya na niyang umpisahan ang himagsikan noong Mayo ng 1896. Subalit, bago pa man siya mag-umpisa; ang Katipunan ay natuklasan ng mga Kastila. Mahigit sa 1,000 Katipunero ang sumama sa kanya sa Pugad Lawin, Caloocan noong ika-23 ng Agosto, 1896. Buhat noon ,ang Katipunan ay natuklasan ng mga Kastila, kaya hindi sila makatakas sa pang-aaresto ng mga Kastila, at ang mga tauhan niya na kulang sa armas, pagod at gutom at kakaunti ang tumulong ay nakaranas ng malabong tagumpay at malubhang pagkatalo.

Ito ang nagkumbinsi sa bahaging Magdiwang na anyayahan si Bonifacio sa Cavite para ayusin ang kanilang hidwaan at patuloy na magkaisa. Isang Pulong ang ginanap sa Tejeros, Cavite. Si Bonifacio ang namuno ng pagpupulong upang itatag ang Republika ng Pilipinas. Sa halalan si Aguinaldo ang nahalal na Pangulo, si Mariano Trias naman ang Pangalawang Pangulo at si Bonifacio ang Taga-Liham. Si Bonifacio ay nasaktan at ginamit niya ang kanyang karapatan bilang Pinakamataas na Pinuno ng Katipunan, upang mapawalang bisa ang halalan. Si Bonifacio ay lumipat sa Naic, Cavite at nag-umpisa siyang gumawa ng sarili niyang pamahalaan at puwersa. Samantala, ang mga umaabanteng tropa ng Kastilang Heneral na si Camilo de Polavia ay nagbabantang sakupin ang Cavite. Inutusan ni Aguinaldo sila Pio del Pilar at Noriel na pawang binigyan ng matataas na katungkulan na iwanan si Bonifacio at bumalik sa kanilang gawain.

Si Bonifacio kasama ang kanyang pamilya ay umalis sa Naic papuntang Indang at sa kanyang pagbabalik sa Montalban, si Aguinaldo ay nagpadala ng tauhan para siya ay arestuhin, subalit si Bonifacio ay lumaban at nasugatan. Humarap siya sa isang paglilitis dahil sa kanyang gawain na laban sa bagong pamahalan at binigyan ng sentensiyang bitay ng isang Militar na Hukuman. Ang mga tauhan ni Aguinaldo ang bumitay sa kanya sa kabundukan ng Maragondon, Cavite noong ika-10 ng Mayo, 1897.

Hanggang ngayon si Bonifacio ay kilala ng mga Pinoy sa kanyang katapangan na inilarawan sa mga katagang ito:

" Andres Bonifacio Matapang na Tao...."

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