...such as dusty areas and very short trip driving. Inspection and service should also be done anytime a malfunction is suspected. The oil change indicator system will remind you that it is time to take your vehicle in for scheduled maintenance. On Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) equipped vehicles “Oil Change Required” will be displayed in the EVIC and a single chime will sound, indicating that an oil change is necessary. Based on engine operation conditions the oil change indicator message will illuminate, this means that service is required for your vehicle. Have your vehicle serviced as soon as possible, within the next 500 miles (805 km). NOTE: The oil change indicator message will not monitor the time since the last oil change. Change your vehicle's oil if it has been 6 months since your last oil change even if the oil change indicator message is NOT illuminated. Change your engine oil more often if you drive your vehicle off-road for an extended period of time. Under no circumstances should oil change intervals exceed 6,000 miles (10,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first. At Each Stop For Fuel Check the engine oil level about five minutes after a fully warmed engine is shut off. Checking the oil level while the vehicle is on level ground will improve the accuracy of the oil level reading. Add oil only when the level is at or below the ADD or MIN mark. Check the windshield washer solvent and add if required....
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...This page is a detail introduction about soybean oil press machine (http://www.oil-processing.com/PRODUCTS/Oil-Pressing-Machine/Soybean-Oil-Pressing-Machine.html) setting up steps. If you are interested in it and you plant to start a soybean oil mill plant, please read on. 1• Cut 1.75-inch metal tubing into two 24.5-inch pieces and one 6.5-inch piece. A carbide saw blade is essential to cut metal; these are available for whatever type of powered or unpowered saw you use to cut the tubing. • 2 Cut a 5.5-inch piece of flat steel bar and two 8-inch pieces of angle iron. The bar will serve as the top crossbar in your frame while the angle irons will join the frame to a wooden base. 3• Stand all three tubes on their ends, with the long tubes 5.5 inches apart. Place the short tube in between them and use an arc welder to weld the steel crossbar at their top ends, and the angle iron pieces on both sides of their bottom ends. This will make a rectangular metal frame with the short pipe in the middle of one short side. • 4 File or grind any rough edges from your frame, then paint it. The paint will dampen down any shavings. Once painted, it can be attached to a wooden base by passing screws through the holes in the angle iron piece. • 5 Make the press canister by welding a circular piece cut from your plate steel onto one end of a wide steel tube. Drill holes through the outside of the canister and file down any rough edges. • 6 Form the press piston by cutting another...
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...The ideology of conspiracy theory particularly peak oil is intellectually binding and fatalistic. It requires belief in a natural truth where in reality there is no such thing as an absolute truth. Yet, the documentary Crude Awakenings posits its premise and framework under the assumption that existence is co-opted by masters and overseers that desire to manipulate and exploit the masses. However, there is no inkling of critical thought or analysis on the basis of what peak oil is and how it actually impacts the world. The rhetoric utilized throughout the film is conjecture that is assumed as fact without any given depth to arguments presented by the “experts.” As such, the movie starts out with two contradictory quotes. One states that oil...
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...abrasive gases and vapors, or if the pump is operated continuously at the extremes of its performance or environment limits. The inspection and maintenance list is as follow: 1. Check the belt tension: Visually inspect the drive belts for signs of wear. If any of the belts show significant wear or are cracked replace all the belts as a complete set. Frequency: First 24 Hours 2. Check the Oil Level: The pump have two oil cases, one at the drive end and one at the non-drive end. The oil levels should be checked when the pump is not running. The normal level should be the middle of the sight glass. Frequency: Weekly Drive End Oil Capacity | Non Drive End Oil Capacity | 4 Liters | 3 Liters | 3. Check the Inlet Filter is not Blocked: Open the door retaining clips on the access door. Remove the filter element retaining nuts. Remove the filter cartridge and refit the new cartridge. Frequency: Weekly 4. Drain and replace the Pump Oil: Unscrew the filler plug, Unscrew the drain plug, Drain the oil into a suitable container, Replace the drain plug, Fill with the correct grade oil to mid-way on the indicator glass, Replace the filler plug. Frequency ( First 200hurs/ 2 Weeks) 5. Grease the drive belt tension rod 6. Replace the filter cartridges. Frequency: 8,000 Hours/ Yearly 7. Inspect the Non Return Valve. Frequency: Yearly 8. Replace the drive belts. Frequency: Yearly 9. Replace the pump bearings and seals. Frequency: 8,000 Hours/...
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...Dependency upon oil The world’s economy and the world’s way of life, has become extremely reliant on oil. The U.S. and other countries can reverse their decision to be reliant on oil over a long period of time, but in the mean time, they have been extremely reliant on the free flow of oil and the energy oil produces. It’s more than reasonable to suggest that all countries including the U.S. has a plan of action to deal with manmade or natural disaster disruptions to the oil needs. For the U.S., disasters such as 9/11 and the Katrina hurricane have suggested that we do not have an emergency plan that’s needed to counteract a short-term energy disruption. Focus is given to the U.S. and how we need a plan for not only short-term issues and disruptions, but also a long-term plan and how any of it can be used as being flexible if one part fails. If the U.S. or any other country decides to release their heavy reliance on oil, it would not only create a safer world but also a cleaner world. Consequences for society- o “Oil dependence lies behind the jihadist threat” or terrorist attacks o “Oil dependence reduces the leverage of the world community in responding to threats from oil-exporting nations” can’t bargain very well… o “Economic growth in oil consuming nations increases the demand for oil and pushes up oil prices.” Hurts pocket books… o “For the United States, of course, any increase in the dollar price of oil is immediately felt as an increased price burden, possibly...
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...Palm Oil Crisis in Thailand Palm oil has become the world’s leading vegetable oil in terms of consumption and production produced worldwide in 2009. The biggest producer, with a 47.6% share in production in 2009, was Indonesia, followed by Malaysia (38.8%) and Thailand (2.9%). Palm oil is versatile in its uses in the food and chemical industry and increasingly as a feedstock for biofuels. What is the Crisis? In 2011, Thailand was affected by the shortage of palm oil for cooking, despite being the world’s third-largest producer of the commodity. Thai people worried about not having oil to cook in their house. And the price of palm oil increased from 38 Baht to 47 Baht per bottle in the market. The palm oil product in that time decreased 14% while the demand for palm oil had increased 7%. What are the Causes of the Crisis? * The first cause of this crisis is estimating and stocking raw palm was wrong because of prolonged drought that affecting oil palm product. * The second cause of this crisis is increasing in demand for raw palm because of expanding Biodiesel product market. This affected year-end palm oil stocking was low until a crisis occurs. The year-end palm oil stocking had about 78,993 ton but it should be not lower than 120,000 ton. Therefore, Palm Oil Crisis in Thailand was happened throughout the industry and consumption. After the crisis had been solved found that the annual report of vegetable oil manufacturers had increased in net income more...
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...device that enables us to analyse a wide range of market situations. Learning to use it appropriately is an important step towards becoming an economist. This model is relatively straightforward, but there are some pitfalls that students should be aware of when using it. This involves the important distinction between “movements along” and “shifts of” the demand or supply curve. Market equilibrium Fig 1: Market Equilibrium Fig 1 shows the market for palm oil. Most of us consume palm oil in one form or another eg in the form of instant noodles, breakfast bars, doughnuts, margarine, crackers, crisps or French fries. Palm oil is also used in the manufacture of skin and body care products, toiletries, cosmetics, candles and soap products. In drawing it, demand is assumed to be at D0 and supply at S0 . As there are many small producers, so market supply curve is upward-sloping – an increase in the market price of palm oil would encourage producers to increase the output of the product. Supply is drawn to be relatively inelastic, on the assumption that it is quite difficult to increase production in the very short run, as it may take some time to plant new trees in order to do so. The market equilibrium will occur when the price is given by P0 and the quantity traded is Q0. This is an equilibrium in the sense that the quantity that consumers wish to buy is just matched by the quantity that producers wish to sell – at the...
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...see these firms as key "tells" for the energy market. One such firm is oil services giant Schlumberger (NYSE: SLB). The reason I watch this stock so carefully and listen to all of management's conference calls and presentations is that Schlumberger has its hands in every region of the world and in every conceivable type of oil project currently underway. If you're looking for the 35,000-foot view of the oil market, Schlumberger is your best bet. The era of cheap oil and natural gas is over and we're in the middle of one of the most powerful bull market cycles of the 21st century. There are no major pockets of untapped "easy" oil left to be exploited. In other words, the easy and cheap-to-recover onshore oil fields are mature and, for the most part, already seeing declining production. The world's new potential growth plays in oil: deepwater reserves, Artic reserves, oil sands and other technically more-difficult-to-produce reserves. For such resources to be developed, crude oil prices will need to average well north of $55 per barrel. There's a distinction to be made between the idea that the world is running out of oil and the concept of the end of easy oil. The world will never truly run out of oil; the last barrel of oil will never even be produced. The simple fact is that production from a reserve tops out long before that reserve is even halfway produced. Just because there's a good deal more oil left in the ground doesn't mean you can produce it quickly or even that...
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...Maintenance Cleaning a muzzleloader, whether a Modern or Traditional style, is necessary in order to preserve the life of the barrel and breech areas, and also in maintaining the accuracy of your shot. The following will discuss how to disassemble, clean, and reassemble three different types of muzzleloader. There are key differences in the areas of disassembling and reassembling of the rifles, but cleaning both modern muzzleloaders and traditional muzzleloaders is similar. Gathering Cleaning Materials Before beginning the cleaning process for either Modern muzzleloaders or Traditional muzzleloaders, gather the supplies needed. Materials used for cleaning and preserving a muzzleloader include: Soap and warm water, cleaning solvent, gun oil and rag, two inch cotton-cloth patches, screw driver, nipple wrench, and a ramrod from the muzzleloader (or a range rod if wanted). Other supplies for the cleaning process are: A cleaning jag, an empty milk jug, a small container to fill with cleaning solvent for soaking the nipple and breech (if applicable), an old toothbrush and some twist-ties (or special tools able to be purchased), and finally some light grease. Please note, other materials may be necessary for a Modern Muzzleloader, such as a breech plug tool or Allen wrenches, so make sure to gather these as well if cleaning a Modern version of the Muzzleloader. This is includes everything one should need. Other materials are available depending on personal preference. WEDGE...
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...Advances in Piston Ring Technology Piston rings have one of the toughest jobs inside an engine. They’re slammed up and down between the ring lands thousands of times a minute, they’re subjected to searing temperatures and extreme pressures, and they’re constantly scraping back and forth against the cylinder walls. In spite of all of this, the rings are expected to seal combustion and vacuum, prevent blowby, control oil consumption, keep the cylinder walls lubricated, cool the pistons, and last but certainly not least, last almost forever (150,000 miles plus in a passenger car/light truck engine or up to 1 million miles in a heavy-duty over-the-road diesel)! It’s a demanding list, yet most rings are up to the task and hold up pretty well — assuming the “right” rings are used for the application, the cylinders are finished properly and the rings are installed on the pistons correctly. Obviously, the ring sealing requirements of a high-revving racing engine or a hard-working diesel engine are much more demanding than those of a mild stock engine. So with that in mind, let’s look at some of the latest thinking as it applies to piston ring designs, materials and coatings. Stock Rings With so many late-model engines running thinner, low-tension moly-faced ductile iron and steel rings, one might think cast iron rings are fading into history. They are at the OEM level, but it looks like cast iron rings will be around for a long, long time in the aftermarket. According to several...
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...terms "oil", "fat", and "lipid" are often confused. "Oil" normally refers to a fat with short or unsaturated fatty acid chains that is liquid at room temperature, while "fat" may specifically refer to fats that are solids at room temperature. "Lipid" is the general term, as a lipid is not necessarily a triglyceride. Fats, like other lipids, are generally hydrophobic, and are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. Fat is an important foodstuff for many forms of life, and fats serve both structural and metabolic functions. They are necessary part of the diet of most heterotrophs . Some fatty acids that are set free by the digestion of fats are called essential because they cannot be synthesized in the body from simpler constituents. There are two essential fatty acids in human nutrition: alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid . Other lipids needed by the body can be synthesized from these and other fats. Fats and other lipids are broken down in the body by enzymes called lipases produced in the pancreas. Fats and oils are categorized according to the number and bonding of the carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain. Fats that are saturated fats have no double bonds between the carbons in the chain. Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonded carbons in the chain. The nomenclature is based on the non-acid end of the chain. This end is called the omega end or the n-end. Thus alpha-linolenic acid is called an omega-3 fatty acid because the 3rd carbon from that end is...
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...OUTLINE Introduction A. What effects can produce oil prices increase? a. Brief history and evolution in oil markets b. Causes of the increment in oil prices B. Colombia on the two sides of oil prices rise effects c. Brief description of effects d. Brief history of petroleum industry Body I. International context a. Global situation of oil prices b. Volatility and Dutch disease II. Colombia Case c. analysis of effects in the macroeconomic view: inflation and currency appreciation Conclusion A. Which are the solutions to control the harmful effects of oil prices increase B. What strategies are implementing in Colombia to deal with the effects of oil prices increase. Thesis statement Since the 1970s the world hadn`t experienced an oil increase like the one that is happening these days where many countries are concerned about the effects that this phenomenon can bring to their economies. As an oil exporting country, Colombia has to deal with a lot of challenge in order to transform all the revenues from petroleum into benefits to their society. However there are some effects that can bring some instability to this small economy, especially the one that international markets create a speculative bubble which can end in the Dutch disease. ‘The Dutch disease is a major market failure originating in the existence of cheap and abundant natural or human resources that keep the currency of a country overvalued...
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...Dear All, We are delighted to share with you that we are initiating an on-ground retail seeding and merchandising activity for Dabur Hair Oils – “Ab chalegi 10 ki lehar” in the markets of UP, MP, RAJ, MAH & Bihar starting in the 1st & 2nd week of May. The activity will cover approx. 900 sub stockiest towns and 500 satellite towns. Key Objective: To generate price point awareness about Rs. 10 SKU of dabur hair oils through static visibility at the retail To ensure stock availability of the Rs. SKUs of Dabur-Amla, Almond and Shanti Amla (Vatika in MAH) through on spot seeding to facilitate retail offtakes Activity Plan: The retail seeding team will visit sub stockiest towns from 10K-30K pop strata. Coverage The unit will cover 1 sub stockiest town and 1 satellite town within a radius of 5-10 KM’s from the sub stockiest town in a day. A total of 30-40 outlets will be covered in a day. Coordination • Team supervisor to coordinate with the VSM for alignment for the next day – Meeting time and location for the following day will be finalized – If the VSM is not available then the VSM will align any alternate person to accompany the team on the next day – If the VSM is not reachable or available the supervisor will call the respective TM for alignment and coordination Activity day plan: • Team to arrive in sub stockiest town in the morning • VSM to meet team (on their own transport) in target...
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...2. Oil and gas sector This chapter begins with an overview of the oil and gas industry in Malaysia. Description of the value chain of the industry is given in section 2.2, followed by the industry’s economic performance in section 2.3. Section 2.4 focuses on the scope of the inquiry regarding issues in the oil and gas industry. 2.1 Oil and gas industry in Malaysia This section provides an overview of the oil and gas industry in Malaysia. 2.1.1 History Oil and gas production have been a mainstay of Malaysia’s growth since oil was first drilled in 1910 in Miri, Sarawak. The first oil well (known as The Grand Old Lady) which was discovered by Shell, started with a production of 83 barrels per day (bbls/d) and reached a maximum of 15,000 bbls/d in 1929. There were no other drilling activities elsewhere in Borneo or Peninsular Malaya until the 1950s. [1, 2, 3] Petroleum activities began increasing significantly in 1960s due to the discovery and development of offshore fields in Borneo. The late 1960s saw the beginning of offshore oil exploration in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. In the 1970s, some oil fields in Malaysia were producing 90,000 to 99,000 bbls/d. [2] In the early days, foreign oil companies dominated the oil and gas industry in Malaysia with Shell and Esso being the two major players. This was followed by several other foreign companies such as Conoco, Mobil, Aquitaine, Oceanic and Teiseki. The national company, Petronas came on to the scene in...
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...activity: Figure 1 Distribution of Respondents 13% 23% 6% 2% 1% 54% Note: Does not add to 100% due to rounding. . COPYRIGHT © 2009 PETROLEUM TRENDS INTERNATIONAL, INC. Page 1 Quality Do you feel there is an issue with low quality and/or off‐spec lubricants in the market? Eighty five percent (85%) of the total say “yes” there is an issue with low quality and/or off‐spec lubricant in the market. Only 15% say there is not, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Do you feel there is an issue with low quality and/or off spec lubricants in the market? No: 15% Yes: 85% Source: Petroleum Trends International, Inc. Interestingly, the responses to this question were relatively consistent among lubricant distributors, major oil companies, independent lubricant manufacturers, and additive suppliers. As illustrated in Figure 3 each group feels strongly there is an issue with low quality and/or off‐spec lubricants in the US market. Although responses to this question are consistent among...
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