...Laws Paper The Endangered Species Act of 1973 was put forth in legislature to provide protection for threatened and endangered species and to preserve biodiversity. The Act has been amended several times since its birth. The following paper will further discuss the Endangered Species Act history, the responsible parties for enforcing the Act, where the Act can be located in the Code of Federal Regulation and the United States legal code, and the benefits as well as the costs regarding the Act. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 The original Endangered Species Preservation Act was created in 1966 with the goal of providing a means of listing native species as endangered and giving them limited protection (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, 2013). In 1969 the Act was amended to include species protection against worldwide extinction through prohibiting the selling and importation of endangered species in the United States (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, 2013). In 1973 during a conference in Washington eighty nations signed the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, which would monitor and restrict if necessary international commerce if believed that trade would harm plant and animal species (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, 2013). In 1973 the Endangered Species Act was passed by Congress replacing the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1969. The Act of 1973 provides conservation to all endangered and threatened species as well as conservation...
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...environmental law that I choose is Endangered Species Act. This Act was passed in 1973, to protect the extinction of or threatened species. Before I go any further let me define the difference between extinct and threatened species; • Extinction is the process by which a species die out, this means that all genetic buildup of that species is gone forever. Extinction can be the cause of Natural disaster, from human activities. • Threatened species are living organism that can become endangered in our nearby future. Endangered species represent the living species of plants and animals. That have become scarce, this means that they are in danger of becoming extinct. When an endangered species becomes extinct, this can interrupt the food chain or web. This will interrupts the production of new or improve medicine, we would loss that animal species forever because there is no genetic evidence left of that species. All this would be affected by the extinction of a species. The goal of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 is to prevent extinction from happening. ESA was signed by President Nixon, The extinction of animals and plant species was brought about by Rachel Carson who wrote a book called Silent Spring (1962). Rachel warned about destroying wildlife with DDT in our environment. This is what prompted the enactment of the Endangered Species Preservation Act of (1966). This Act was made to protect nature species that were on the brink of extinction...
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...Endangered Species Our planet earth has produced many wonderful and bewildering things. Our planet was once lush of vegetation, plants and amazing animals. There are numerous plants and animals that are now extinct, either due to natural selection, climate change, or urbanization. Knowing this, we should not take advantage of what earth has to offer, this includes animals that are now endangered species. According to Richard T. Wright, “endangered species is a species that has been reduced to the point where it is in imminent danger of becoming extinct if protection is not provided (page 254). Although some animals may seem unimportant to most, many of these animals are what help keep the earth’s ecosystem in equilibrium. There is much controversy on endangered species and the devastation of their habitats. Before someone establishes their own opinion on the subject matter, it must be understood what an endangered species is and how it came to be, along with the controversy between it. Endangerment is a very broad issue that involves habitat, the surrounding environment and the interaction between other species. There are many factors that have lead to endangerment and possible extinction to earth’s animals. One of the biggest factors is habitat destruction. Habitats are constantly changing due to the earth’s constant change in climate and movement, although that is only a slight change. The biggest component to habitat destruction is the result from human activity...
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... Although the Endangered Species Act (ESA) at first glance seems to offer only benefits, it has been a topic of heated controversy since it was passed in 1973. The Act was created in response to the increasing awareness of animal endangerment and extinction, particularly those of the iconic American bison and passenger pigeon. When President Nixon signed the law he declared, “Nothing is more priceless and more worthy of preservation than the rich array of animal life with which our country has been blessed.” According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), endangerment is the second most serious status and indicates a “very high risk of extinction in the wild.”...
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...The Endangered Species Act is a conservation act to preserve environments and animals in need. It was created in 1973 but what led up to it was the Act of 1966 and the amendment of 1969. Both of these acts were to limit poaching and help preserve the animals. Congress created the law backed by early conservationists like Dr. Train, Dr. Earl Baysinger Dick Gutting, and Dr. Gerard Then it was approved by clinton who helped start the biggest work to save animals. Endangered species are species that are close or in danger of becoming extinct. There are 7 levels to the endangered animals based on how close they are to being extinct. They use data on population levels, Ecosystems the animals live in and the rate an Organism's population is...
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...Can endangered species of the world rely on the international law for their safety? Discuss This essay will attempt to discuss how the international law protects endangered species of the world. Using academic commentary and legislation it will also review the ethical, philosophical, economical and moral aspects of this area of law. The essay will also draw attention to the current issue, which has been a controversy in the preservation of endangered species of the world, but will particularly pay more attention to the protection of whales. Ever since the days of illustrious philosophers such Plato, Aristotle, Descartes to the modern scientists there has been a lengthy wait in fighting for laws and acts to protect animals in keeping them in good health and their populations high in numbers. Long ago, most animals became extinct because of natural events, like earthquakes or volcano eruptions. Climatic changes were also a threat i.e. like the ‘beginning of the Ice Age which also led to the disappearance of certain species’ . Today, animals are in danger mostly because of human beings. In the 17th century Descartes and Plato both portraying animals as mere objects, held that ‘animals have no conscience and humans should have no moral obligation’ towards them. However, through the advancement of technology and science Charles Darwin came up with his theory of evolution, bringing new developments and protection to endangered species, with his effort in his work there...
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...The Moral Obligation Toward Endangered Wild-life George Michael Olivas American Military University Professor Myers PHIL320 Environmental Ethics July 24th 2013 Abstract The moral agency of a man, all the same, looms ambiguously but more so mirroring an image of self—an image contrary to the ethical framework as it ought relate to the natural world. The premise by which we often grant moral importance to Homo sapiens is the mere membership within that group of species. Naturally the premise carries with it little to no weight and is nearly fallacious. Ethicist Peter Singer prompts humanity on the realism that the only other criteria by which to judge for moral consideration is sentience which definitively applies to broader a species. Sentience, as it is theoretical, is inclusive of moral consideration, "The capacity for suffering and enjoying things is a prerequisite for having interests at all, a condition that must be satisfied before we can speak of interests in any meaningful way (Singer, 1974).” The application of industry leaves a footprint in the delicate ecosystems of the earth which normally espouses a plethora of creatures known to regulate the respective biosphere. Far before humanity wandered to and fro the earth, animal life met extinction by natural causes nevertheless our dominance single-handedly exploits the environment and pollutes far worse than any means of naturalism—subjecting animal life into conditions...
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...1. An endangered species is one whose numbers are so small that it is at risk of extinction. 2. A threatened species is one that is vulnerable of becoming endangered in the near future. 3. In January 2013, the Fish and Wildlife Services reported 2,054 species worldwide that are endangered or threatened. 1,436 exist in the U.S. alone. 4. A species is declared extinct after many years of not being spotted. Because it takes so long to define an entire species as extinct, it is probable that there are many species already gone that we are unaware of. 5. A species is defined as endangered or threatened when it is compared against these five factors: * Damage to or destruction of its habitat * Overuse of the species for educational, recreational, or entertainment purposes * Disease or predation of the species * Lack of protection * Natural or manmade hazards to the continued life of the species 6. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) protects registered endangered species by removing them from the “take” list, which makes it unlawful for a person to shoot, harm, capture, trap, or attempt any such actions to the species. 7. Ultimately, the ESA strives to recover species from the endangered list by restoring their ecological health until they no longer need protection. 8. Factors that threaten the earth’s creatures include deforestation, bycatch (the unintentional capturing of sea creatures during fishing), water scarcity...
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...Texas, but also seen in North Carolina. Butterflies and moths belong to the Lepidoptera family meaning they are scaled winged insects. It is an endangered species and the population has been on the decline. One of the primary reasons is the forest habitats disappearance, due to land development. Rapid climate change with the temperatures during the spring has increased in the last few years from too cold to hot. Another is due to their low reproduction rate and the survival of the eggs. Lastly, the gypsy moth is a threat if their growth continues the reason being in the spring insecticide spray is used to control this pest, but also kills the habitat the King Hairstreak butterfly eats (Vaughan and Shepard, 2005). The Kings Hairstreak feed on foliage called Common Sweetleaf Pictures were from WordPress...
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...replenish the oxygen to survive off of. All animals and plants are a part of our lifecycle and should be respected as such. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was put in place to protect threatened and endangered animals and plants. There are two agencies that equip this program, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This act was dated official in 1973. There is a specific list of species that are endangered. This law requires that these agencies ensure that all species on that list are to never be compromised in any way such as: importing, exporting, hunting, etc. In the 1900s, when it was realized that bison and a bird in North America called the Passenger Pigeon were going missing, it was determined that something had to be done to protect the wildlife. As this issue was looked upon, it was found that millinery and pesticides were a major cause of animal and plant extinction. Millinery is the designing and manufacturing of hats. When people realized that they could profit from making a product with animal skins and furs, millinery became a problem for wildlife. Those who are greedy and unconcerned were not going to stop without a law in place. Therefore, the ESA was put in place, attempting to preserve what animals were left to replenish from specific species. Pesticides became an issue with the extinction of plants when kudzu entered the life of our native plants in 1876. Kudzu is an...
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...Choose five items from the following list and identify their significance during the 1970s: • Cuyahoga River, OH (Cleveland) fire 1969 • Love Canal • Silent Spring • Population Bomb • Endangered Species Act (1966, 1969, & 1973) • Clean Water Act (1972, 1977) • Conservationism vs. environmentalism • Acid rain • Ozone layer • Rainforests • Depletion of fossil fuels • Climate change Event Significance Silent Spring The publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in 1962 marked the beginning of modern environmentalism. Carson, known as the “godmother of modern environmentalism, impacted the American public’s consciousness with her detailed exposition on the dangers of environmental pollution to human health. By examining the ecological impacts of hazardous substances that pollute both the natural and human environments, like pesticides, Carson fundamentally altered the way Americans perceived the environment and the dangers of toxins to themselves. Conservationism vs. environmentalism By the 1870s, resource exploitation dominated development patterns in the West. Natural resources were devoured by destructive practices in mining, overgrazing, timber cutting, monocrop planting, and speculation in land and water rights. In 1902, for example, the Reclamation Act established the Reclamation Service, whose mission was to accomplish “the reclamation and settlement of the arid lands. The Reclamation Service promoted scientific methods like irrigation, storage...
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...bivouac site, preceded by their quartering party. During the FTX, the company will conduct tactical-bridging operations on the Yukon River. The FTX will involve normal operations (12 to 16 hours a day), with some night and limited visibility operations. The operations will include the use of pyrotechnics and blank munitions. The FTX will not include live fire due to budgetary constraints. The area has hills, wetlands, several winding streams, and one large river. Signs in the area identify and mark all wetlands. The forecasted weather will not adversely affect operations. The Soldiers are somewhat familiar with the terrain, which contains some identified and marked-off archeological sites. The training area contains the habitat for two endangered species, which are marked and posted. The unit will conduct unit-maintenance, refueling, messing, shower, and field-sanitation operations within...
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...Introduction - The fin whale population was wiped out due to commercial whaling in the 1800s and early 1900s. It was listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Conservation Act, the predecessor to the Endangered Species Act (ESA), in 1970. Once the ESA was passed in 1973, the fin whale was listed as endangered throughout its range. It is also designated as depleted under the Marine Mammal Protection Act. Known for its ability to travel at speeds of almost 40 km/hour, the whale can be referred to as the “greyhound of the sea.” Whales are very important because they are at the top of the food chain and affect the overall health of the marine environment. The fin whale has been greatly affected by worldwide by commercial whaling. Background...
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...Doing 2 The Tennessee Public Records Act is found in Tennessee Code Annotated 10-7-101 and the sections that follow it. For purposes of access to public records, the operative provision is found in TCA 10-7-503, which says: “All state county and municipal records ... shall at all times, during business hours, be open for public inspection by any citizen of Tennessee, and those in charge of such records shall not refuse such right of inspection to any citizen, unless provided by state law,” (TN.gov, 2012). In summary, documents that come into possession of a governmental agency either by virtue of receipt of the documents by the agency, or creation of the documents by the agency, are public records that must be made available for public inspection unless they are exempt from the disclosure by state law. TCA 10-7-505(d) says the law “shall be broadly construed so as to give the fullest possible public access to public records”, (TN.gov, 2012). Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan and Trust Company of 1895 was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the unapportioned income taxes on interest, dividends and rents imposed by the Income Tax Act of 1894 were, in effect, direct taxes, and were unconstitutional because they violated the provision that direct taxes be apportioned (Pollock v. Farmers’, 1895). In short, U.S. Supreme Court ruling declared the federal income tax unconstitutional, thus voiding portions of an 1894 act that imposed a direct tax on the incomes...
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...replenish the oxygen to survive off of. All animals and plants are a part of our lifecycle and should be respected as such. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was put in place to protect threatened and endangered animals and plants. There are two agencies that equip this program, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This act was dated official in 1973. There is a specific list of species that are endangered. This law requires that these agencies ensure that all species on that list are to never be compromised in any way such as: importing, exporting, hunting, etc. In the 1900s, when it was realized that bison and a bird in North America called the Passenger Pigeon were going missing, it was determined that something had to be done to protect the wildlife. As this issue was looked upon, it was found that millinery and pesticides were a major cause of animal and plant extinction. Millinery is the designing and manufacturing of hats. When people realized that they could profit from making a product with animal skins and furs, millinery became a problem for wildlife. Those who are greedy and unconcerned were not going to stop without a law in place. Therefore, the ESA was put in place, attempting to preserve what animals were left to replenish from specific species. Pesticides became an issue with the extinction of plants when kudzu entered the life of our native plants in 1876. Kudzu is...
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