...PROJECT TOPIC : GLOBAL WARMING MOHAMED HASSAN SPN150597 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 2 2. DEFINITION GLOBAL WARMING .................................................................................................. 3 3. WHY DOES GLOBAL WARMING OCCURE? ............................................................................................ 3 5. CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING ................................................................................................... 5 6. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING .................................................................................................. 9 How will climate change affect you? Your community? The environment around you? .................... 12 4. SOLUTIONS FOR THE GLOBAL WARMING ............................................................................... 13 5. OTHER EFFECTIVE WAYS TO PREVENT GLOBAL WARMING ............................................. 15 1. Plant Trees and Bamboo................................................................................................................. 16 2. Ride a Bike ...................................................................................................................................... 16 3. Buy Less Stuff...................................................................................
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...Jayadev Kakumanu 8/10/2013 EN 1420 Global warming is caused by carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning power plants, carbon dioxide emissions from burning gasoline for transportation, methane emissions from animals, agriculture such as rice paddies and from arctic sea beds. It is also caused by deforestation of tropical rain forests, and increase in usage of chemical fertilizers on croplands. This paper will examine the advantages and disadvantages of global warming as well as the preventative measures our society can take to stop the progress of global warming. And finally, decide whether global warming is a lie or a hoax. There are many disadvantages to global warming. Global warming spreads diseases, as northern countries warm, disease carrying insects migrate north, bringing plague and disease with them. Global warming also causes warmer waters, which means more hurricanes. Some areas of our planet will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will be hit the most with more severe droughts expected in Europe. There are also going to be economic consequences, hurricanes can cause billions of dollars in damage and diseases cost money to treat. Polar ice caps will melt. This melting of ice caps will raise sea levels. The melting will also throw the ecosystem out of balance. The ice caps are fresh water so when they melt they will make the ocean less salty. The rising temperatures will endanger the survival of several species. The ice caps are white...
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...automobile industry is considered the single largest manufacturing sector in the world (Turnbull et al., 1992). It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues, and provides the basis for a multitude of related service and support industries. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. The energy that automobile industry use to produce vehicles will result carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which the most significant of the green house gases(GHG). Historian Mark Foster has estimated that “fully one-third of the total environmental damage caused by automobiles occurred before they were sold and driven.” He cited a study that estimated that fabricating one car produced 29 tons of waste and 1,207 million cubic yards of polluted air. Extracting iron ore, bauxite, petroleum, copper, lead, and a variety of other raw materials to process steel, aluminum, plastics, glass, rubber, and other products necessary to construct automobiles consumes limited resources, uses great amounts of energy, and has serious environmental repercussions. Nowadays, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious in the all area of the world. The automotive industry is one of the largest contributors to CO2 emissions (David, 2009). Carbon dioxide emission that result from automobile industry are one of the factor caused global warming which one of the major issues we being...
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...Greenhouse gases are a significant factor in global warming, a topic of great debate in America. A greenhouse gas, or GHG such as carbon dioxide, is a gas that is trapped in the atmosphere. They are key factors in the Greenhouse Effect, a warming process. Automobiles and transportation are one of the leading sources of GHG emissions following industrial production, both of which rely on the combustion of fossil fuels for power. Carbon dioxide is the main gas that is released from burning fossil fuels such as petroleum. The problem with gas emissions released by industrial production is hard to cap, however, the problem involving the amount of carbon emissions released can be significantly reduced by cutting back on the amount of individual driving. This is important because transportation is one factor in the warming process that we can control. Many assume that buying a hybrid is a solution to the warming problem. While this is helpful it is not a large enough solution to make a major impact. One way to help cut-backs significantly is to increase and expand on public transportation while making it more efficient and safer for the environment. This would result in fewer combustion vehicles on the road, and an overall reduction in GHG emission. There are a few different types of GHGs that are harmful to the atmosphere. The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The GHGs methane and nitrous oxide are not very relevant in the combustion...
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...contents Executive summary 2 Problem 2 Purpose 2 Scope 2 Introduction 3 Advantages of wind power 4 Environmental effects 5 Emissions 5 Ecological footprint 5 Conclusion 7 Recommendation 7 Executive summary The report provides an analysis of the nonmarket issues of the wind power market and provides information relating to wind power projects in Canada. The report aims to help communities balance local concerns with wider environmental needs, thereby allowing the benefits of renewable energy to be realized through careful design and consultation. Additionally, it also provides a profile of a major wind power company in Canada. Problem Electricity generation produces more pollution than virtually any other single industry in Canada. Pollution, air quality, acid rain, nuclear waste and global warming are the unwanted side effects of traditional power production that endanger the environment. Every day, many fossil fuel consuming contraptions spew out gases that pollute the environment. However, when the fuel supplies for these devices run out, they will grind to a halt. To prevent this, Canada needs to find an alternative to unstable and polluting energy sources. Purpose The purpose of this report is to examine wind energy as alternative energy source and effectiveness at reducing emissions by replacing power generated from fossil fuels. Scope The report will examine wind power as an alternative energy source and nonmarket issues. Wind power usage in Canada has been growing...
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...purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of a range of different travel and tourism options, and quantifies the carbon-dioxide emissions resulting from international vacations, breaking down emissions categories into those resulting from transport, accommodation and recreation. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses summary data to review a range of possible vacation scenarios and examines their relative carbon-dioxide emissions in order to compare the relative climatic impact of different forms of tourism and vacation options. Findings – The paper concludes that intercontinental flights and cruise ship travel are particularly carbon-intensive, which suggests that these two forms of tourism will be particularly vulnerable to any policy initiative to curb or price carbon emissions. Ends by considering whether climatically responsible international tourism is possible, and outlines some low-carbon options. Originality/value – The paper relates data on carbon emissions to the implications for tourism arising from climate change. Keywords Climatology, Tourism, Global warming Paper type General review 274 The nature of the challenge While much of the discussion about the climate change impacts of international travel focuses upon international aviation, all forms of transport result in the emissions of carbon dioxide. Increased carbon dioxide emissions also result from the accommodation facilities used by international tourists and the recreational activities they engage...
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...GLOBAL WARMING Global warming simply put is the warming of the Earth including its atmosphere and oceans. Scientists have opposing viewpoints about why this may be happening. Some believe that it occurs naturally and is a part of a normal cycle over time and it is not significantly affected by human activities. Others believe that human activities have profound effects on the warming of the Earth. The global warming hypothesis originated back in 1896 when Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish chemist, developed a theory that carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels would cause global temperatures to rise by trapping excess heat in the earth’s atmosphere. He understood that the earth’s climate is heated by a process known as the greenhouse effect. About half of the solar radiation reaching the earth is reflected back into space. The remainder is absorbed by land masses and oceans, warming the earth’s surface and atmosphere. This warming process radiates energy, most of which passes through the atmosphere and back into space. However, small amounts of greenhouse gases like water vapor and carbon dioxide convert some of this energy to heat and either absorb it or reflect it back to the earth’s surface. These heat trapping gases work like a greenhouse – sunlight passes through, but a certain amount of radiated heat remains trapped. The greenhouse effect plays an important role in preventing the planet from entering a never-ending ice-age. Without...
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... concentrated around areas of high economic development (Florcruz, 2013). According to the Chinese media, cancer villages are defined as villages where the number of cancer patients is extraordinarily high due to levels of water pollution from industrial activities. Outside of China, the scientific community identifies "cancer clusters" as regions where cancer is more common as a result of the density of cancer-causing pollutants. The proliferation of cancer clusters in China is higher than anywhere else in the world. Cancer is the number one cause of death in urban China, with lung cancer being the most deadly (Liu, 2010).This essay will analyse the rise of China's economy, the environmental effects it has had on present day China, and how it will continue to effect China in the future. It will also discuss several environmental, economic, and legal policies the government of China are currently looking at and changes they need to consider in the future. "China's economic transformation is one of the most dramatic economic developments of recent decades" (Greene, Dihel, Kowalski & Lippoldt, 2006, p. 5). In 2001, the Chinese economy overtook Japan to become the second largest economy in the world behind the United States (Central Intelligence Agency [CIA], 2013). Between 1979-2005, the growth rate of China has been at an average of 9.6% per annum and in 2005, its share in the world goods trade had increased up to 6.4% from less than 1% in 1979 (Greene et al., 2006). China's...
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...Founded in 1854, Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy (LVMH) had become the world's largest luxury fashion house brand group and manage to gain sales revenue of 20,320 million euros in 2010 to 23, 659 million Euro in 2011 and 28, 103 million Euro in 2012 (Jin, 2012). Nowadays in business world, the survivability of business depends on how it interact with the society. The way of a company behave toward the society and environment is the key for a company to achieve profitability and maintain good reputation as small action give a big impact (Hartman, 2005). In this case, a company good intention will frequently shadowed by it bad steps in damaging society even it is unintentionally done. In contrast for that, Louis Vuitton had practiced their good intention by launching environmental department in 1992 in order to preserve the nature thus helping Louis Vuitton to produce high quality product (LVMH launches its own Green Week, 2012). Behind the scene, Louis Vuitton also increases their carbon emission by 25% in 2012 while manage to increases their revenue by 19% in 2012 (LVMH, 2012). In the same time, Louis Vuitton keep telling the society about their policy of not allowing child labor (LVMH: Supplier’s Code Of conduct, 2014) but unfortunately, it just another spin doctoring to hide another mistake they had done. This would remark that Louis Vuitton secretly brings the negative impact to environment and to the community around them. This paper will assessed the truth about the real contribution...
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...because of toxic gases marine life got disturbed, at times the specific region also experience acid rain and many other harmful effects that also destroys human’s health. Contents Abstract 2 List of figures 3 List of symbols 4 1. Introduction 5 2. Literature review 8 2.1. CNG 8 2.2. GTL 10 2.2.1. The GTL technology benefits environment 10 2.3. LNG 11 3. Discussion (comparison) 13 4. Conclusion 19 References 20 List of figures Figure 1: Forecast of world energy consumption Figure 2: Air pollutant emission by fuel type Figure 3: Environmental impacts of natural gas production, transportation and distribution Figure 4: Energy losses List of symbols CNG Compressed Natural Gas GTL Gas- to-Liquids NG Natural gas EEC European Economic Community LNG Liquefied Natural Gas NOx Nitrogen oxides SO2 Sulfur CO2 Carbon dioxide IEA International Energy Agency Comparison of environmental impacts of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Gas to Liquids (GTL), and LNG as an option for offshore gas...
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...GLOBAL WARMING Introduction Global warming begins when sunlight reaches Earth. The clouds, atmospheric particles, reflective ground surfaces and ocean surface then reflected about 30 percent of it back into space, while the remaining is absorbed by oceans, lands and air. This in turn heats the planet’s surface and atmosphere, making life possible. As Earth warmed up, this solar energy is radiated by thermal radiation or infrared heat, traveling directly out to space, thus cooling the Earth. However, some of the outgoing radiation is re-absorbed by carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases in the atmosphere and is radiated back to Earth’s surface; these gases are known as greenhouse gases due to their heat-trapping capacity. This re-absorption process is naturally good; the Earth’s average surface temperature would be very cold if not for the greenhouse gases. The problem begins when the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were artificially raised by humankind at an ever-increasing rate since the past 250 years. As of 2004, over 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide was pumped out per year; natural carbon sinks such as forests and the ocean absorbed some of this, while the rest accumulated in the atmosphere. Millions of pounds of methane are produced in landfills and agricultural decomposition of biomass and animal manure. Nitrous oxide is released into the atmosphere by nitrogen-based fertilizers and other soil management practices. Once released, these greenhouse...
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...Ling Student No: CT0261066 1 Description of the company YTL Cement Bhd was founded by Executive Chairman Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Dr Yeoh Tiong Lay after whom the company is named. It is a manufacture of cement, concrete, and quarry products and provided materials related to construction industrial. Currently it is the second largest cement producer and the largest producer of ready-mixed concrete in Peninsular Malaysia. Cement is an inorganic, non-metallic substance with hydraulic binding properties, and is used as a bonding agent in building materials. It is a fine powder, usually grey in colour, that consists of a mixture of the hydraulic cement minerals to which one or more forms of calcium sulphate have been added (Greer et al., 1992). YTL Cement Bhd is one of the business by YTL Corporation Bhd (YTL Corp) since 1955. YTL Corp is an infrastructure conglomerates. Other of subsidiaries are power supply, hotels and properties, land and development, high speed rail, operating and maintenance activities, IT incubation, real estate investment trust, and carbon consulting.(ytl.com, 2016) According to (The Star Online, 2010) “With its cash reserves amounting to about RM10.8bil, analysts said YTL Corp could easily acquire assets up to US$25bil-US$30bil without the need to raise more money. It had been reported that the group was looking at acquisition opportunities in the water utilities, power generation and cement businesses, especially...
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...Introduction Three Choirs is one of the largest and the best established of England’s vineyards and is a major Gloucestershire tourist’s destination. (Williamson, 2008) Three Choirs cultivates a vide range of typically English grape varieties and in addition Pinot Noir. The company was established in 1973 with only a half an acre of vines, “simply as an experiment”,- Martin Fowke comments. This has expanded dramatically over the years. And now 30.3 ha of vines are being cultivated, all on the same single estate home vineyard. Tree Choirs also established cooperation by offering contract wine making for around 30 to 30 other small growers, both local and further afield. The Three Choirs single-estate is planted on well-drained sandstone soils, most of which enjoys a southerly aspect. The meso-climate of the vineyard is significant in both its warmth and low rainfall. As a result the approach is very much one of sustainable viticulture, however there is a range of techniques and opportunities that might help to make the winery even more sustainable. These tools will be presented in three parts (Vineyard, Winery and Infrastructure, which includes shop, hotel, restaurant) and discussed below, as well as the key points of the sustainability concept. “Sustainability is a state of dynamic equilibrium achieved by taking responsibility for balancing long term economic, environmental and social health for people, communities, and the world. Sustainability...
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...School of Business Administration Chair in Global Business University of South Carolina Aiken Aiken, South Carolina – USA 29801 davidh@usca.edu Michael JARA Assistant Chancellor for Facilities University of South Carolina Aiken Aiken, South Carolina – USA 29801 mikej@usca.edu David S. HARRISON Dean - School of Business Administration Chair in Global Business University of South Carolina Aiken Aiken, South Carolina – USA 29801 davidh@usca.edu Patsy Lewellyn Visiting Professor, School of Business Administration University of South Carolina Aiken PatsyL@usca.edu David NEWLANDS Senior Assistant Professor International School of Management ~ IESEG, Lille, France d.newlands@ieseg.fr Abstract As the new millennium evolves, many further and higher education establishments are bracing themselves against externally imposed challenges. Emerging fiscal constraints are reducing public funding for public institutions in various countries including the United States, United Kingdom and France. USCA for example saw state appropriations reduce from $11.1M in 2008 to $6.1M in 2011. Rising costs of energy in part due to under-capacity to store during off-peak seasons and infrastructure overhaul project investments compound budgetary decision making. Reducing energy consumption requirements partially can alleviate the funding shortfall. Environmentally friendly solutions that reduce dependence on, or usage of fossil fuels, can contribute to reducing the...
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...Articles Emissions Trading and Carbon Credit Accounting for Sustainable Energy Development With Focus on India A. N. Sarkar Senior Professor (International Business), Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, New Delhi, India Abstract Global climate change is inextricably linked with the enhanced build-up of greenhouse gases. Emissions- trading in the form of carbon credits or CERs is opening up a new vista of trade opportunities with prospect for gradual reduction of emissions particularly by the developed nations under Annexure-I categories. Various national and international programmes undertaken by the government and voluntarily by the non-government agencies have positively impacted on progressive reduction of emissions in many parts of the world. The paper highlights the emerging issues linked to the modalities of emission-trading, together with scope for developing sound accounting procedures for trading carbon credits. Paper discusses the opportunities for developing a sound marketing system of carbon credits with built-in efficiency in transactions, accountability and transparency in reporting systems with focus on India. Paper also GMJ,VOL 4,ISSUE 1 & 2, JANUARY - DECEMBER 2010 underlines the need to comply with the Global Accounting Standards, Tax Planning, access to Multi-commodity Exchange Market, certification, verification and enforcement procedures for proper execution of emission-trading initiatives aimed at achieving carbon neutrality. The aspects of Carbon management...
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