Ergonomics:
Google defines Ergonomics as...the study of people's efficiency in their working environment but what are the parts that help build up Ergonomics and Ergonomists.
What is Ergonomics?
In the field of ergonomics it is the ergonomists job to try and make a job fit the employing instead of making the employee adjust to the job. This may be done in making a chair, but that chair may allow the employee to work an hour more than if they were in a different chair. An ergonomist may make a keyboard design that allows you to type more words for a longer amount of time without having to stop because your hands hurt or are tired. So you see it is pretty simple what they do. They try to make jobs more efficient so the employee is happier and able to work more while not hating what they do.
How Does It Effect Individuals And How To Fix It?
Ergonomic disorders can place many physical stresses on joints, muscles, bones, tendons and environmental effects on both hearing and vision.

Physical stressors can include repetitive motions such as those caused by typing or continual use of a manual screwdriver. Other physical stressors could be tasks involving vibration such as using a jackhammer, or tasks which involve using excessive force, such as lifting boxes of heavy books. Working in an awkward position, such as holding a telephone to your ear with your shoulder, can also cause problems. Repetitive motions, vibration, excessive force, and awkward positions are frequently linked to ergonomic disorders and it is clear to see that many of these conditions and practices are relevant to the common workplace. The majority of disorders caused in the workplace are formed by repetitive motions that would not result in undue stress or harm if only performed once. Carpal tunnel syndrome, Tendonitis, Tenosynovitis, DeQuarvain's Syndrome, Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, many back injuries, and several other conditions may result from repetitive motions used in the workplace.

Environmental factors that can affect health include things such as indoor air quality and excessive noise. Headaches, congestion, fatigue and even rashes, can result from poor air quality in a building or office. Excessive noise around heavy machinery or equipment can cause permanent hearing loss and improper lighting can cause eyestrain and headaches, especially in conjunction with a computer screen. The list of possibilities of poor ergonomic health is endless when you consider the many environments people are thrust into during normal working environments.
Useful Tips
There are several things that you can do to help prevent injuries such as muscle aches and tendon issues. The first thing that you should do is maintain a good posture. Avoid twisting your back. You should always use chairs that give great back support. The better the support on your back the better you will feel. Always be sure to keep your elbows bent at an angle and keep them off of the table. Proper posture also has your feet flat on the floor. This can help relieve some stress and tension on your back. Changing your work technique can help to reduce the possible injuries that you may sustain when using your computer. Make sure that everything is within reach of your good posture. You should never have to strain to reach something like your keyboard or mouse. Make sure your fingers are relaxed and do not strain and type too hard. This can cause pains in your hands and wrists. There is no need to over exert yourself on the computer. When you are working, you should also try and focus your eyes on distant objects and look away from the screen every so often.

The last thing that will be a big help is if your lifestyle is not always revolving around a computer. It is recommended that you get up, stretch and loosen your muscles every so often. Another good thing is to not be on the computer all day. Go outside and do some activities.