...If we use Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development we can see where Pat early physical delay impacted her socioemotional progress, which have unable her to form proper attachment to people in her life. Through the first stage of development, infancy (to 1 year), Pat didn’t obtain the consistent, predictable and reliable support from her parents. “Infants avoid attachment or show insecure attachment, marked either by anxiety or avoidance of trusting relationship,” (Myers, D. G., 2014 p. 140). Therefore, Pat developed a sense of mistrust of the adults in her life. By the second stage, toddlerhood (1to 3 years), Pat wasn’t able to develop physically, since she had a difficulties with the mobility of her legs. She would be unable to assert...
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...12. Emotional Development The third stage of Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory of initiative vs. guilt describes this age of development (McLeod, 2013). This means that children will start taking more initiative unless caretakers do not encourage it. That would result in the child feeling guilty. This describes both of the children I have discussed because they are both taking initiative and the teacher encouraged them instead of making them feel guilty. 13. Compare and Contrast Between both of my observations I observed various similarities and differences. Overall, each area of development differed between each program but there were some similarities. For example, the teachers in both groups communicated to the children in infant-directed...
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...Erikson’s theory states “individuals not only develop a unique personality, but also acquire attitudes and skills that make them active, contributing members of their society that recognize the development throughout a lifespan and the impact of culture” (Berk, 2014. p. 16). Based on Erickson’s eight stages, when a child is in the early childhood stage of development, they are considered to be in the initiative versus guilt stage. Just as the term indicates, initiative is when the child begins to try new things, is able to successfully communicate with their peers, and has high levels of curiosity about new concepts and objects. When receiving support from family members and the community, children are more likely to become a major contributor to society. However, when a child is criticized or under strict control, the child may develop a sense of guilt (McLeod, 2017). This stage is critical for a child as they discover themselves and try to understand their beliefs and purpose in life. Middle Childhood Developmental Stage...
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...There are various stages to experience in life that leads to success. According to Erik Erikson these stages are infancy, early childhood, middle childhood and adolescence. Throughout the course we have been introduced to a number of psychologists that have developed their own theory of how people develop into successful or unsuccessful adults. This expository paper will cover the theory of Erikson's psychosocial stages during development, the influences that culture has and the cognitive, social and physical changes a teenager will experience. But does Erikson's theory on adolescence development truly hold a solid structure for a child's success? Adolescence is the age stage of 11-18, the period of life between childhood and adulthood where...
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...Erikson (2001) believed that children develop views and behaviors based upon their experiences both positively and negatively upon them. Within the child’s developmental years the problem solving abilities develop he believed within specific levels or stages. He developed three stages of development based on his own background of seeking to understand his own identity and the development of himself. Social interactions were a basis for these stages. Trust versus mistrust began developing from birth to 1 year old. Erikson (2001) reported this was the first sign of trust and it relies on the nurturing aspect of the reliability of others. Stage 2, Autonomy versus shame and doubt, was developed during the preschool years 18 months to 3 years old....
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...Erikson’s First Four Stages of Personality Development Jeff Brown ECE 335: Children’s Literature Instructor: Jamie Worthington May 5 2011 Erikson’s Stages of Personality Development This paper will discuss Erik Erikson’s first four stages of development of a young child, and four literacy literature that coincide with each of Erikson’s four stages of child development. One of Erikson’s most significant contributions to developmental theory is the emphasis he placed on the relationship of society and the interpersonal experience to the unfolding of personality. Erikson integrates these developmental ideas into his theory encompassing an overview of the human life cycle. Erikson’s first stage consists of trust versus mistrust. This stage begins from birth up to 18 months old. This is the stage when the child is at its most vulnerable. It’s also wholly depended on whoever it is that is to provide him with everything he requires to sustain himself through this first stage. This provider is also going to be who this child is going to adapt to as long as the provider provides for this child. When the provider stops providing the child’s needs, the child will begin to mistrust the provider, because the child can no longer trust the provider. The book that coincide with this stage would be The Happy Book: Touch & Feel Fun for Every Little One by Diane Muldrow is a book of rhyming text and colorful illustrations that includes pages with touch and feel textures, scratch-and-sniff...
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...Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development has eight stages. In the paper three of his life stages will be reviewed. Those stages are Trust vs. Mistrust, Industry vs. Inferiority and Integrity vs. Despair. This paper will also discuss personal or observed experiences within those stages, as well as an opinion if Eric Erikson’s description has accurate or not. A small discussion will be included as to how any of these experiences may have affected spiritual development along the way. Trust vs. Mistrust The first stage, commonly referred to as infancy, in Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development is Trust vs. Mistrust. During this stage of life, infants are unsure of the world in which they live in. They must learn to trust their...
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...contends that “Erikson's eight-stage theory of psychosocial development describes growth and change throughout the lifespan, focusing on social interaction and conflicts that arise during different stages of development”. Addressing stages 4, 5, and 6 with relation to classroom management and discipline strategies and techniques that will help to positively address the issues children encounter during the middle childhood and early adolescences years will help educators provide positive experiences that will assure positive development for children. In Erikson’s view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failure to develop that quality, thereby creating a potential for personal growth that is high or the possibility for failure. Cherry Kendra indicates that “Erikson held that each stage of development involves the skill of overcoming of a conflict. Accomplishment or failure in dealing with conflicts can impact overall functioning”. She further states that, “Erikson believed that development of personality is accomplished within a series of stages” and that “within each stage, people experience a conflict that will serve as a turning point in development”. Kendra further contends that “each stage in Erikson’s theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life and if the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which he sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality”. Accordingly, if the stage is managed...
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...Erik Erikson was a theorist and is known for his psychosocial theory; his theory has eight stages. Erikson's stages describe social and emotional develop that occur through life span. These are the first four of his stages, trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, and industry vs inferiority. Trust vs mistrust is during infant age which means, children develop trust or mistrust based on who takes care of them. Autonomy vs shame and doubt happens during toddlerhood which means that "children develop a basic sense of autonomy that can be defined as self-governance and independent action"(211). For example, if a toddler picks up an object by their self and the parent gives the child a positive reaction the child will...
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...Erikson’s second stage of development is autonomy versus shame and doubt in which the ego strength of will is hopefully developed in the child. This stage occurs between two and three years of age and answers the question, “Can I be dependent and self-regulating?” Erikson (Evans, 1967) explains that once a child has developed a strong sense of trust with his mother he now has to explore his own self-will and take chances with what he himself can do. He further explains that this is the age when a child begins to blush as they are aware they are being watched trying to do things on their own for the first time. To further support earlier claims, it becomes evident that a child cannot move onto this stage healthily if they did not develop a solid sense of trust in the first stage of life. Erikson further supports his assertion that a ratio of both autonomy and shame or doubt is necessary to development in this stage, and that the ratio should be in favor of autonomy. If it was in favor of shame or doubt, then you would feel or act inferior all your life (Evans, 1967). Autonomy is developed if parents guide their children’s behavior gradually but firmly. If a child is being guided into success, then they will feel more autonomous and have a more refined sense of pride in what they can do themselves. Shame and doubt develop here if the parents are too harsh or too...
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...Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson’s theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson’s psychosocial stage theory is the development of ego identity. Ego identity is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. Erikson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. In Erikson’s view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal growth is high, but so is the potential for failure. The first stage of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development (Trust vs. Mistrust) occurs between birth and one year of age and is the most fundamental stage in life. Because an infant is utterly dependent, the development of trust is based on the dependability and quality of the child’s caregivers. If a child successfully develops trust, he or she will feel safe and secure in the world. Caregivers who are inconsistent, emotionally unavailable, or rejecting contribute to feelings of mistrust in the children they care for. Failure to develop trust will result in fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredictable. The second stage...
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...Erikson’s Theory Micah Schenk AIU Online Abstract Inside this essay the Erikson’s Theory on developmental psychology is described in full detail, the stages how everyone is affected throughout the stages with detail inside the examples. Using personal and televised characters to define how each character fits inside the specific stage. Detail on how the person had managed to progress or did not progress inside the stage and how to overcome the negative effects. Erikson’s Theory There are eight stages in Erikson’s theory. The first stage in Erikson’s theory is trust versus mistrust, and it lasts from birth through 18 months of age. During this stage, a child must successfully develop a relationship to a caregiver and become attached in order to establish trust and security. This is accomplished when the child’s basic needs are met by the caregiver. The child is likely to develop feelings of anxiety and insecurity if their needs are not met. For example, Adeline is only two weeks old at this current time. Adeline has a strong sense of trust to her mother proven by the fact that when her mother is not around Adeline gets scared and cries during this time Emily or I would have to pick her up to give her that comfort again of being held and fed and providing for her needs and therefore is resolving this stage. The second stage, autonomy versus self-doubt, begins at approximately 18 months of age and lasts until...
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...Developmental Theory as Applied to Me Psychological development is crucial in the early stages of life. Children are shaped by the things they witness throughout their early years. Experiences life and developing relationships is “Erikson’s initial psychosocial stage of development” (Ginsburg). This stage occurs from when an infant is born until about one and a half years of age. Erikson developed eight stages of psychosocial development. Starting from the stage of trust vs. mistrust the next stage that occurs in an infant’s life is autonomy vs. shame; this creates a sense of will and is experienced from the early age of one and a half to age three. After experiencing this stage at age three the infant begins to develop in the stage of initiative vs. guilt developing a sense of purpos euntil the age of five. From the ages of five to twelve, young children experience the stage of industry vs. inferiority, developing competency in their skills. Upon developing into an adolescent at age twelve and up until age eighteen, young adults experience ego identity vs. role confusion, attempting to find where they belong. Leading into the next stage of intimacy vs. isolation, during which young adults experience love from the ages eighteen to forty. Once this sense of love is developed, the sense of care is experienced during the stage of generativity vs. stagnation from the ages of forty to sixty-five. To conclude Erikson’s theory, the final stage one experiences in life is ego integrity vs. despair;...
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...Theories of Development Amanda M. Glover Walden University There are dozens of developmental theories. There are theories that believe developmental a child learn behavior and other theories believe children are subjects of their environment. There is an age-old debate, dating back to the earliest Greek philosophers, of whether knowledge is innate-that is we are born with it-or whether it is learned through experience (Cohen, 2011). There is no proven scientific way to determine if nature or nurture controls a child’s behavior and how they develop. The developmental theories that I lean toward the most are as a Piaget’s cognitive stages of development, Freud’s psychosexual development, and Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. Piaget’s cognitive stages of development suggest that at each stage of a person’s life they learn a new skill and as they process in age their skills progress. He has identified four major stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor occurs from birth to 2, at this stage the child is learning to use his or her hands, feet, and eyes. He or she learns to walk and crawl or use the bathroom. The next stage is preoperational occurs from 2-7, at this stage a child “engages in symbolic thought, but dominated by perception” (Perdue University , 2009). The third stage is concrete operational this occurs from ages 7 to 11. At this stage a child’s thoughts are more rational and logical. Children become...
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...Development Theories Sara Nackowicz Psy : 104 Child and Adolescent Development Karen Williams 9/17/12 Page One Development Theories In this paper I will talk about three of the development theories which are personality structure, psychosexual development and psychosocial development. All three of these developments are very important in a child’s life and helps them become who they are and I will explain how and why in this paper. According to Sigmund Freud in our text, there are three essential components: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id stage is more of a selfish state where everything is about you and only you. For an example when you are an infant everything is about you and only you. According to Simply Psychology, “The id consists of all the inherited (i.e. biological) components of personality, including the sex (life) instinct – Eros (which contains the libido), and aggressive (death) instinct – Thanatos.” In an infant, their personality is nothing but Id and then when they become older is when the other two stages fall into place. You cry for a reason and most of the time it is either because you are hungry, dirty, sleepy or even just need to be comforted. So there for you cry because you want your caregiver to feed you, clean you, or even snuggle with you so you can fall asleep. The ego state comes around the age of two or three when as Freud states, “the job of the ego to satisfy the demands of the id and to have realistic...
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