...Moral Ethics Name Course Date Essay 1 Impact moral reasoning about the rights of animals Animal rights cover all aspects on wellbeing and how human beings are supposed to relate with animals. There are several theories that are introduced to present ethical relationship that exist between animals and human being. Moral equality theories develop equal considerations and other status of moral aspects that are accorded to animals. This is through refuting some of the moral relevancies of fore mentioning the special characters or properties of human perception as a being. Therefore, through the support of different theories, moral equality is also supposed to be extended to animal rights (Tännsjö, 2008.). This is on the ground of similarity of characteristics and qualities such as physiological and mental level in capacities. Therefore, through the moral impacts, reasoning about the animal rights is approached from different dimensions and concrete conclusion shows the need of having morals and ethical framework considering the rights of animals. Examples compact impacts ethical decisions about animals There are different examples that are used to illustrate the relationship that exist among animals and human being (Tännsjö, 2008.). The ethical morals are supposed to cover positive relationship that enhances better life of the animals. Therefore, the major ethical factor is ensuring safety of the animals. It helps to identify their health and ethical relationship through...
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...Active and Passive Euthanasia James Rachels was an American philosopher who specialized in ethics and animal rights. Over the course of his career has written six books and over 85 essays. In 1975, Rachels wrote the article “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, in which he argued that the distinction so important in the law between killing and letting die which was based on the principle of double effect. He argued that if we allow passive euthanasia, we should also allow active euthanasia because it is more humane and that there is really no moral difference between the two. In my paper I have chosen two questions to answer concerning the article written by James Rachels. Rachels offers two principal arguments against the distinction between active and passive euthanasia. What are these arguments? Passive euthanasia is when the doctor does not do anything to bring about the patient’s death because the patient ends up dying at whatever illness they may have. While active euthanasia is when the doctor does something to bring about the patient’s death, for example, the doctor gives a patient with cancer a lethal injection which causes the death of the patient. Rachels claims that "killing is not itself any worse than letting die." What support does he offer for this claim? Do you agree? Why or why not? Rachel argues that there really isn’t a moral difference between the two because many believe that killing someone is morally worse than letting someone die...
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...Article: A critique of “The Language of Euthanasia” This essay is a critique of the article “The Language of Euthanasia” written by Sheila Grant. After careful evaluation of this article, it is impossible to accept Sheila Grant's’ view on Euthanasia as it commits the fallacies of red herring, hasty conclusion and slippery slope making her persuasive view problematic. The fallacy of the red herring is committed when a person making an argument presents an argument (that can be valid or invalid) but does not address the issue or the question directly. In the article, Grant says “What makes this discussion of this subject so difficult is that there is a great public confusion about the terminology”. I feel that the reference and in-depth debate of the many meanings of the word Euthanasia avoids the subject rather than addressing its ethical value. This fallacy is also committed when the author beings discussing the different types...
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...Medical Ethics and Euthanasia In his essay “When Medicine Is Futile” Barron H. Lerner talks about how dying patients in America, in his opinion can not have a peaceful death. Important role in his writing represents his dad and his thinking. He has a big influence on Lerner`s opinion about the medicine in general. He argues that people die too many times connected to all kinds of machines and tubes that don`t really help them. Lerner describes some of the stories that his father kept in the journals. They have one common thing, and that is that event though the doctors knew the patients is going to die, his family was still hoping for a miracle and they did not want to accept that there is nothing that the doctors can do, to save the patient`s life. Reading and thinking about Lerner`s article lead me to ask myself; is it really true that there are no chances at all to save any patient? I think we should all still keep faith and stay optimistic that things will go better, no matter what situation we find ourselves in. In connection to that when we think about medicine, here comes the controversial problem about euthanasia. Should it be legalized and what are the pros and cons of it? Euthanasia is one of the most pressing issues of modern society. The development of medicine has put humanity against serious dilemma where the use of medical resources no longer offers the cure. As it is developing in many areas, there are still those areas where we ask ourselves; what to do...
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...Marc Vinkler E1 d. 04-12-2011 Essay - about euthanasia What happens when a patient is terminal ill and decides for euthanasia? What would you do if it was a member of your family? Many people have not done any considerations about the question. Is it because we are afraid of the thought, or because we are convinced that we would not end up in the situation? Do you think that people should have the right to decide whether they would like euthanasia or live on with an incurable illness or a paralyzed body? The word euthanasia comes from Greek and means good death. But is euthanasia a good way to die? You can answer that question with two widely different points of view. When a person has been involved in a car accident, where he got paralyzed and also suffers from a lot of pain. Most people would agree that it is best to take the medicine from the person if he or she begs to die. In that way you can say that it is a good death because the person escapes from the pain hell. But if a person makes the wrong decision because depression and ignorance it is tragic. Because in some cases you can actually have a relatively good life even though you are paralyzed. Just read the story about Vivian Berzinski who was paralyzed in 1972 when she was 17 years old. Her doctors felt she would never be able to move, never be able to talk and never be able to breathe without a respirator. But since then she armed only with the love of her family and her own fierce will, she has married...
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...realize its existence, I am for euthanasia. There have been around 40 million abortions since the Roe v. Wade decision was finalized on January 22, 1973. Many strong opinions arise on whether a woman should have the right to an abortion, and whether the court has the power to grant a woman this right. In the case of Roe v. Wade, the Court prohibited any regulation of abortion in the first trimester, allowed only adjustments pertaining to the health of the mother in the second, and only maternal health reasons in the third. The Roe v. Wade decision is responsible for killing about 35 million innocent human beings, and counting, as a direct result of abortion. The fight over whether to criminalize abortion has grown increasingly fierce in recent years with no end in sight, it is currently legal in all states. Another controversial topic, euthanasia, is also known as the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. It is similar to abortion but the being is now grown. The world view on euthanasia has always been a very controversial subject. Some countries allow it, yet in other countries, it is tolerated but illegal. Voluntary euthanasia is that in which the subject consents in some places, voluntary euthanasia is accepted more so than non-voluntary euthanasia. Many people think that if a child is born with severe deformities, it and its family would benefit from euthanasia. Some people believe that a person...
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...Euthanasia Some people will argue that the right to live includes the right to die, while other argues that death is the opposite of life. This last point is based on a belief that the process of dying is part of life, and death is therefore not seen as a right. This essay is written based on the points put forth in the article “India rejects euthanasia plea over nurse brain damaged in 1973 sex assault” from the newspaper Guardian. This article discusses a topic, which is most commonly considered a taboo, namely, euthanasia. The article tells the story of a 60-years old Indian woman, who has suffered severe brain damage during a sexual assault, more than 35 years ago. Furthermore, it also discusses whether it should be legal to “pull the plug” on terminally ill patients who are only surviving because of the life support provided by the hospital. Helping someone die this way is exactly what euthanasia is. Personally, I think of life as an expression of freedom; every human being needs to be able to act as freely as possible. I believe that each person should have the right to control his or her life and thereby also be able to determine whether they want to live or die. India’s philosophy on life differs from mine in some ways. Euthanasia used to be illegal in India. However, in a recent trial the Indian Supreme Court ruled that, in rare cases, euthanasia should be available as an option, such as Aruna Shanbaugs’. As I mentioned before, I do not think that the government,...
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...Legalizing Euthanasia: A Practical Approach Theressa Thacker RN Excelsior College Abstract We are all in the process of dying from the day we are born. The prevalence of catastrophic diseases that once killed swiftly such as pneumonia, cholera, and massive heart attacks, have been replaced by chronic and, often, degenerative diseases such as advanced cancers, diabetes, lung disease, and Alzheimer’s, leading to a slow death for most (Gardner, 2012). This places a great financial burden on the Medicare system as well as patient’s families. Atul Gawande (2010) reports that twenty five percent of all Medicare spending is for the five percent of patients who are in their final year of life, and most of that money goes for care in their last couple of months, which is of little apparent benefit (p. 3). Even more concerning is the suffering that many patients are forced to endure due to the lack of other options. Patients must have the right to make autonomous decisions regarding the end of their lives. They need to be confident that those decisions will be upheld, even if they conflict with the wishes of their families or physicians. However, patient confidence in knowing that their final wishes will be met is complicated by a lack of education and empowerment for those who face these difficult decisions (Frank & Anselmi, 2011). The purpose of this essay is to discuss the benefits to patient autonomy and the Medicare budget, by the legalization of physician-assisted...
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...This essay will address the social issue of euthanasia on terminally ill patients in Australia. This issue will be analyzed using the cultural perspective and functionalism theory. Euthanasia is not legal in Australia, most people who believed Roman Catholicism think that euthanasia is an unethical behavior, so that people lose their desire for life. However, the average percent of terminally ill patients who die in pain are 55%, they did not choose euthanasia which always suffering from pain in order to make their family happy. Although some people try to carry out euthanasia in the terminally ill patient, they still will suffer the criticism of public opinion. This to resulted in these people not only to suffer the pain of losing their family member, but also to face of public opinion. Similarly, some countries(Oregon, Switzerland, Belgium, Netherlands) to legalize euthanasia, which also received a public opinion accusations that the government does not pay attention to human nature. The main opposition to euthanasia in Australia is Catholic population. Euthanasia occurs mainly in critically ill patients and people with brain death. The adverse effects caused by euthanasia for people concentrated on emotionally and physically. When critically ill patients or their family help their choose euthanasia, which means they will suffer blame on the society. In a short time, they will be immersed in the pain of the bereaved and blamed from the society, they may be through a variety...
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...16th, 2012 Persuasive Essay Euthanasia, Mercy Killing or Murder? Euthanasia and physician assisted suicide are the methods for helping patients to release their pain and suffering by using either medication or other comfortable methods. There are many arguments about these issues had been rising up from many different aspects, such as the actual definition of euthanasia and its practice; the physicians’ responsibilities and opinions; and ethics and religions stance of euthanasia. In my opinion, euthanasia and physician assisted suicide should be prohibited completely in all hospitals. Euthanasia is a physician purposely kills a patient by drugs with the approval from that person. Euthanasia can divide into two categories: passive and active euthanasia. Passive euthanasia is withdrawing any life-sustaining treatment (Palliate Medicine - 2011). In the other hand, active euthanasia is using drugs under administration of a physician. It can be voluntary, with the permission of the patients; involuntary, without a permission of a patient; and non-voluntary, with the permission of the second party due to the physical or mental condition of a patient (Health Policy – 2010). Involuntary is performing against the patient’s will, which is completely illegal. Active voluntary and non-voluntary are the main consideration of the society nowadays. One of the studies has shown the estimation of the percentage of deaths in the United Kingdom that involved euthanasia to be 0.16% (Palliative...
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...AS Philosophy & Ethics Course Handbook 2013 to 2014 [pic] OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) http://www.ocr.org.uk/qualifications/type/gce/hss/rs/index.aspx OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) You are studying Philosophy of Religion and Religious Ethics and will be awarded an OCR AS Level in Religious Studies. The modules and their weightings are: |AS: |Unit Code |Unit Title |% of AS |(% of A Level) | | |G571 |AS Philosophy of Religion |50% |(25%) | | |G572 |AS Religious Ethics |50% |(25%) | If you decide to study for the full A Level you will have to study the following modules at A2: |A2: |Unit Code |Unit Title |(% of A Level) | | |G581 |A2 Philosophy of Religion |(25%) | | |G582 |A2 Religious Ethics |(25%) | Grading | ...
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...MAP Study Skills Finding & Reading Information Assignment Booklet Student Name: FADUMO AWIL Route: MAP Humanities | | |Unit Title |Finding and Reading Information | |Level |2 |Credit Value | 3 |Unit Code |HC7/2/LN/559 | |Learning Outcomes |Assessment Criteria | |The learner will: |The learner can: | | | | |1. Recognise the variety of resources available in a library |1.1 Locate and use resources from both reference and loans sections of | | |library and electronic resources e.g. internet, DVD, CD rom, and video.| | | | | ...
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...Robert Regan English 151 C. Weimmer Persuasive essay Euthanasia: It Should Be One's Right To Choose Euthanasia is the act of "killing" someone, by taking away their life support, upon a patients request. When a patient is "terminally ill," they are being kept alive with new technology, and are basically just living bodies. Most of them are suffering. "Pulling the plug," or taking the patient off life support, is illegal all across the world. I think this is wrong. We are not responsible for being born, yet if we feel we have led a long fulfilling life, than we should have the right to not be on life support. This topic has been debated for years. They tried to make it legal in Europe, but it was overturned. There are some concerns about the term "terminally ill." Some people believe that voluntary euthanasia can somehow turn into involuntary euthanasia. For example, when people get to a certain age, they sometimes get diseases that damages their state of consciousness. Some of these include, Altzimers, and Dimentia, and these people can't tell left from right, or what is going on in a certian situation. These are the people who fall in the gray area of the debate. If euthanasia were legalized, it would have to be completely voluntary. If you were the closest person to the patient, and the doctor tells you, that your mother's condition of life is painful, and there is no recovering for her, what would you say? Would you just let her sit there in a vegatative state...
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...Euthanasia Essay Friedrich Nietzsche once said: "To live is to suffer, to survive is to find some meaning in the suffering. Life is hard, but if we survive it, then we'll understand it. The controversy behind euthanasia essentially revolves around the simple question "Who has the choice in my own death?"People think of this in two ways; either they strictly forbid it or are firmly in favor to it; however I believe that there is a vast area of grey. Though I can’t hold grudge against the idea of euthanasia, I am opposed the fact of encouraging it in our society. I know it is allowed in some countries, but I think it should not be permitted in any circumstances. While I can understand the logic of its supporters, I believe that tolerance is the equal of corruption. People can go on for ages discussing what's right and wrong about euthanasia, but I want to address a number of the arguments that I found most important which are the mistakes made to kill innocent lives, euthanasia and the law, and voluntary euthanasia. Euthanasia itself as a theory is quite cruel. It disregards the means of hope. For such a recent practice it is hard to pinpoint its consequences. It is often hard to tell the difference between the victims and the family. As a fact, euthanasia is illegal in Canada. People who euthanize can violate the patient's rights, create an economic burden, interfere with a doctor's job, or increase suffering among them. It is never easy to watch your loved ones suffer, but...
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...Euthanasia: Freedom to Die with Dignity Charletta R. Anderson Strayer University ENG 215 Dr. Aaron Miller December 12, 2011 Euthanasia: Freedom to Die with Dignity The word “Euthanasia” comes from a Greek phrase meaning “good death”. However, in today’s society it means killing a terminally ill person as a way to end that person’s pain and suffering (Cundiff, 1992 ). In the year 2007, my grandfather the Honorable Leon Davis was dying. This American war hero had made a request to die with dignity. He was dealing with a failed kidney, pneumonia, dementia, hypertension, MRSA foot infection, a broken hip, and terrible living conditions at a nursing home. All these problems left him weak and physically dependent on others. For terminally ill patients like my grandfather, where death was inevitable and would have been less painful than living, euthanasia should be a consideration or an option. Euthanasia is a way of relieving terminally or severely ill people's pain and save them from the agony of their illness. People claim that the right to die is protected by the same constitutional safeguards that promise such rights as marriage, and the refusal or termination of life-saving medical treatment. This essay will discuss why or why not ill people should have the right to end their suffering with a quick, dignified, and merciful death by the means of Euthanasia. Legalizing Euthanasia In the 1970s , a movement that had tried to legalize some form of...
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